The Fate of Oil in the Water Column Following Experimental Oil Spills in the Arctic Marine Nearshore

Petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations in the water column were monitored after a release of crude oil onto the water surface and a subsurface release of chemically dispersed oil. During the surface release, petroleum hydrocarbons did not disperse into the water column deeper than 1 m. The highest con...

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Veröffentlicht in:Arctic 1987-01, Vol.40 (5), p.124-132
Hauptverfasser: Humphrey, B., Green, D. R., Fowler, B. R., Hope, D., Boehm, P. D.
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container_end_page 132
container_issue 5
container_start_page 124
container_title Arctic
container_volume 40
creator Humphrey, B.
Green, D. R.
Fowler, B. R.
Hope, D.
Boehm, P. D.
description Petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations in the water column were monitored after a release of crude oil onto the water surface and a subsurface release of chemically dispersed oil. During the surface release, petroleum hydrocarbons did not disperse into the water column deeper than 1 m. The highest concentrations observed under the slick were less than 2 mgl⁻¹. The chemically dispersed oil release resulted in concentrations over 50 mg·l⁻¹ in the Bay 9 study area for 12 hours, and petroleum hydrocarbons were detectable by in situ fluorometry for more than 4 days. The dispersed oil did not undergo further weathering for 24 hours. Estimated exposures of the benthic communities to oil in the three experimental bays were 3 mg.l⁻.h, 30 mg.l⁻¹.h, and 300 mg.l⁻¹.h respectively. The highest exposures were to oil retaining many of its more toxic components. /// La concentration d'hydrocarbures pétroliers a été mesurée dans la colonne d'eau après un déversement de pétrole brut en surface, et un déversement de pétrole dispersé chimiquement sous la surface. Lors du déversement en surface, les hydrocarbures pétroliers ne se sont pas dispersés dans la colonne d'eau à plus d'1 m de profondeur. Les plus hautes concentrations observées sous la nappe ne dépassaient pas 2 mg·l⁻¹. Le déversement de pétrole dispersé chimiquement a provoqué des concentrations dépassant 50 mg·l⁻¹ pendant 12 heures dans la baie expérimentale n°9, et les hydrocarbures pétroliers ont pu être détectés par fluorométrie in situ pendant plus de 4 jours. Le pétrole dispersé n'a pas subi de dégradation supplémentaire pendant 24 heures. On a estimé l'exposition au pétrole des communautés benthiques des trois baies expérimentales à 3mg·l⁻¹.h, 30 mg·l⁻¹.h et 300 mg·l⁻¹.h respectivement. Les taux les plus élevés étaient ceux de l'exposition au pétrole contenant encore beaucoup de ses composants les plus toxiques.
doi_str_mv 10.14430/arctic1808
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Estimated exposures of the benthic communities to oil in the three experimental bays were 3 mg.l⁻.h, 30 mg.l⁻¹.h, and 300 mg.l⁻¹.h respectively. The highest exposures were to oil retaining many of its more toxic components. /// La concentration d'hydrocarbures pétroliers a été mesurée dans la colonne d'eau après un déversement de pétrole brut en surface, et un déversement de pétrole dispersé chimiquement sous la surface. Lors du déversement en surface, les hydrocarbures pétroliers ne se sont pas dispersés dans la colonne d'eau à plus d'1 m de profondeur. Les plus hautes concentrations observées sous la nappe ne dépassaient pas 2 mg·l⁻¹. Le déversement de pétrole dispersé chimiquement a provoqué des concentrations dépassant 50 mg·l⁻¹ pendant 12 heures dans la baie expérimentale n°9, et les hydrocarbures pétroliers ont pu être détectés par fluorométrie in situ pendant plus de 4 jours. Le pétrole dispersé n'a pas subi de dégradation supplémentaire pendant 24 heures. On a estimé l'exposition au pétrole des communautés benthiques des trois baies expérimentales à 3mg·l⁻¹.h, 30 mg·l⁻¹.h et 300 mg·l⁻¹.h respectivement. 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Le déversement de pétrole dispersé chimiquement a provoqué des concentrations dépassant 50 mg·l⁻¹ pendant 12 heures dans la baie expérimentale n°9, et les hydrocarbures pétroliers ont pu être détectés par fluorométrie in situ pendant plus de 4 jours. Le pétrole dispersé n'a pas subi de dégradation supplémentaire pendant 24 heures. On a estimé l'exposition au pétrole des communautés benthiques des trois baies expérimentales à 3mg·l⁻¹.h, 30 mg·l⁻¹.h et 300 mg·l⁻¹.h respectivement. Les taux les plus élevés étaient ceux de l'exposition au pétrole contenant encore beaucoup de ses composants les plus toxiques.</abstract><pub>The Arctic Institute of North America</pub><doi>10.14430/arctic1808</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record>
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source Alma/SFX Local Collection; JSTOR; EZB Electronic Journals Library
subjects Beaches
Biota
Crude oil
Hydrocarbons
Marine
Oil spills
Petroleum
Pumps
Sea water
Water samples
Weathering processes
title The Fate of Oil in the Water Column Following Experimental Oil Spills in the Arctic Marine Nearshore
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