Assessment of hydration biomarkers including salivary osmolality during passive and active dehydration
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Hydration state can be assessed via body mass change (BMΔ), serum and urine osmolality (S osm , U osm ), urine-specific gravity (U sg ) and urine volume (U vol ). As no hydration index has been shown to be valid in all circumstances, value exists in exploring novel biomarkers...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of clinical nutrition 2013-12, Vol.67 (12), p.1257-1263 |
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| container_title | European journal of clinical nutrition |
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| creator | Muñoz, C X Johnson, E C DeMartini, J K Huggins, R A McKenzie, A L Casa, D J Maresh, C M Armstrong, L E |
| description | BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:
Hydration state can be assessed via body mass change (BMΔ), serum and urine osmolality (S
osm
, U
osm
), urine-specific gravity (U
sg
) and urine volume (U
vol
). As no hydration index has been shown to be valid in all circumstances, value exists in exploring novel biomarkers such as salivary osmolality (V
osm
). Utilizing acute BMΔ as the reference standard, this research examined the efficacy of S
osm
, V
osm
, U
osm
, U
vol
and U
sg
, during passive (PAS) and active (ACT) heat exposure.
SUBJECTS/METHODS:
Twenty-three healthy men (age, 22±3 years; mass, 77.3±12.8 kg; height, 179.9±8.8cm; body fat, 10.6±4.5%) completed two randomized 5-h dehydration trials (36±1 °C). During PAS, subjects sat quietly, and during ACT, participants cycled at 68±6% maximal heart rate. Investigators measured all biomarkers at each 1% BMΔ.
RESULTS:
Average mass loss during PAS was 1.4±0.3%, and 4.1±0.7% during ACT. Significant between-treatment differences at −1% BMΔ were observed for S
osm
(PAS, 296±4; ACT, 301±4 mOsm/kg) and U
osm
(PAS, 895±207; ACT, 661±192 mOsm/kg). During PAS, only U
osm
, U
vol
and U
sg
increased significantly (−1 and −2% BMΔ versus baseline). During ACT, V
osm
most effectively diagnosed dehydration ⩾2% (sensitivity=86%; specificity=91%), followed by S
osm
(sensitivity=83%; specificity=83%). Reference change values were validated for S
osm
, U
sg
and BMΔ.
CONCLUSIONS:
The efficacy of indices to detect dehydration ⩾2% differed across treatments. At rest (PAS), only urinary indices increased in concert with body water loss. During exercise (ACT), S
osm
and V
osm
exhibited the highest sensitivity and specificity. S
osm
, U
sg
and BMΔ exhibited validity in serial measurements. These findings indicate hydration biomarkers should be selected by considering daily activities. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/ejcn.2013.195 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1465177857</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A354661215</galeid><sourcerecordid>A354661215</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c620t-38bfeaf2a03136fd35e8cd6aba714c47cc31e1bb5e9dff89dc68d85d77eff0f93</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9ksuP0zAQhyMEYsvCkSuKhEBcUvyI7eRYrXhJK3GBs-XY49bFsYudrNT_HkeU3YIq5IMf883DM7-qeonRGiPavYe9DmuCMF3jnj2qVrgVvGG8RY-rFepZ21CExFX1LOc9QsUoyNPqirSY9JSTVWU3OUPOI4SpjrbeHU1Sk4uhHlwcVfoBKdcuaD8bF7Z1Vt7dqXSsYx6jL5fpWJs5LaaDytndQa2CqZWelqOB-3DPqydW-QwvTvt19f3jh283n5vbr5--3GxuG80JmhraDRaUJQpRTLk1lEGnDVeDErjVrdCaYsDDwKA31na90bwzHTNCgLXI9vS6evc77iHFnzPkSY4ua_BeBYhzlrjlDAvRMVHQ1_-g-zinUKqThLekcLSj_6NKrJZjyhB5oLbKg3TBxikpvaSWG8pazjHBrFDNBWoLAZLyMYB15fkvfn2BL8vA6PRFh7dnDjtQftrl6OdlAvliJTrFnBNYeUiujPsoMZKLrOQiK7nIShZZFf7VqQvzMIK5p__oqABvToDKWnmbVNAuP3Ci56ijZ1_Kh0U1kM7aeTHzLwnu47I</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1464613502</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Assessment of hydration biomarkers including salivary osmolality during passive and active dehydration</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><creator>Muñoz, C X ; Johnson, E C ; DeMartini, J K ; Huggins, R A ; McKenzie, A L ; Casa, D J ; Maresh, C M ; Armstrong, L E</creator><creatorcontrib>Muñoz, C X ; Johnson, E C ; DeMartini, J K ; Huggins, R A ; McKenzie, A L ; Casa, D J ; Maresh, C M ; Armstrong, L E</creatorcontrib><description>BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:
Hydration state can be assessed via body mass change (BMΔ), serum and urine osmolality (S
osm
, U
osm
), urine-specific gravity (U
sg
) and urine volume (U
vol
). As no hydration index has been shown to be valid in all circumstances, value exists in exploring novel biomarkers such as salivary osmolality (V
osm
). Utilizing acute BMΔ as the reference standard, this research examined the efficacy of S
osm
, V
osm
, U
osm
, U
vol
and U
sg
, during passive (PAS) and active (ACT) heat exposure.
SUBJECTS/METHODS:
Twenty-three healthy men (age, 22±3 years; mass, 77.3±12.8 kg; height, 179.9±8.8cm; body fat, 10.6±4.5%) completed two randomized 5-h dehydration trials (36±1 °C). During PAS, subjects sat quietly, and during ACT, participants cycled at 68±6% maximal heart rate. Investigators measured all biomarkers at each 1% BMΔ.
RESULTS:
Average mass loss during PAS was 1.4±0.3%, and 4.1±0.7% during ACT. Significant between-treatment differences at −1% BMΔ were observed for S
osm
(PAS, 296±4; ACT, 301±4 mOsm/kg) and U
osm
(PAS, 895±207; ACT, 661±192 mOsm/kg). During PAS, only U
osm
, U
vol
and U
sg
increased significantly (−1 and −2% BMΔ versus baseline). During ACT, V
osm
most effectively diagnosed dehydration ⩾2% (sensitivity=86%; specificity=91%), followed by S
osm
(sensitivity=83%; specificity=83%). Reference change values were validated for S
osm
, U
sg
and BMΔ.
CONCLUSIONS:
The efficacy of indices to detect dehydration ⩾2% differed across treatments. At rest (PAS), only urinary indices increased in concert with body water loss. During exercise (ACT), S
osm
and V
osm
exhibited the highest sensitivity and specificity. S
osm
, U
sg
and BMΔ exhibited validity in serial measurements. These findings indicate hydration biomarkers should be selected by considering daily activities.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0954-3007</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-5640</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.195</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24129362</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>631/443 ; 692/53 ; Adult ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomarkers ; Biomarkers - chemistry ; Body fat ; Body mass ; Body mass index ; Body water ; Body Water - physiology ; Clinical Nutrition ; Dehydration ; Dehydration - diagnosis ; Dehydration - physiopathology ; Drinking (Physiology) ; Epidemiology ; Exercise ; Feeding. Feeding behavior ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Health aspects ; Heart Rate ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hydration ; Internal Medicine ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Metabolic Diseases ; original-article ; Osmolar Concentration ; Public Health ; Saliva - chemistry ; Sensitivity ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Serum - chemistry ; Specific gravity ; Urine ; Urine - chemistry ; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems ; Water loss ; Water-Electrolyte Balance ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>European journal of clinical nutrition, 2013-12, Vol.67 (12), p.1257-1263</ispartof><rights>Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2013 Nature Publishing Group</rights><rights>Copyright Nature Publishing Group Dec 2013</rights><rights>Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c620t-38bfeaf2a03136fd35e8cd6aba714c47cc31e1bb5e9dff89dc68d85d77eff0f93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c620t-38bfeaf2a03136fd35e8cd6aba714c47cc31e1bb5e9dff89dc68d85d77eff0f93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/ejcn.2013.195$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1038/ejcn.2013.195$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=27960835$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24129362$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Muñoz, C X</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnson, E C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DeMartini, J K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huggins, R A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKenzie, A L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casa, D J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maresh, C M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Armstrong, L E</creatorcontrib><title>Assessment of hydration biomarkers including salivary osmolality during passive and active dehydration</title><title>European journal of clinical nutrition</title><addtitle>Eur J Clin Nutr</addtitle><addtitle>Eur J Clin Nutr</addtitle><description>BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:
Hydration state can be assessed via body mass change (BMΔ), serum and urine osmolality (S
osm
, U
osm
), urine-specific gravity (U
sg
) and urine volume (U
vol
). As no hydration index has been shown to be valid in all circumstances, value exists in exploring novel biomarkers such as salivary osmolality (V
osm
). Utilizing acute BMΔ as the reference standard, this research examined the efficacy of S
osm
, V
osm
, U
osm
, U
vol
and U
sg
, during passive (PAS) and active (ACT) heat exposure.
SUBJECTS/METHODS:
Twenty-three healthy men (age, 22±3 years; mass, 77.3±12.8 kg; height, 179.9±8.8cm; body fat, 10.6±4.5%) completed two randomized 5-h dehydration trials (36±1 °C). During PAS, subjects sat quietly, and during ACT, participants cycled at 68±6% maximal heart rate. Investigators measured all biomarkers at each 1% BMΔ.
RESULTS:
Average mass loss during PAS was 1.4±0.3%, and 4.1±0.7% during ACT. Significant between-treatment differences at −1% BMΔ were observed for S
osm
(PAS, 296±4; ACT, 301±4 mOsm/kg) and U
osm
(PAS, 895±207; ACT, 661±192 mOsm/kg). During PAS, only U
osm
, U
vol
and U
sg
increased significantly (−1 and −2% BMΔ versus baseline). During ACT, V
osm
most effectively diagnosed dehydration ⩾2% (sensitivity=86%; specificity=91%), followed by S
osm
(sensitivity=83%; specificity=83%). Reference change values were validated for S
osm
, U
sg
and BMΔ.
CONCLUSIONS:
The efficacy of indices to detect dehydration ⩾2% differed across treatments. At rest (PAS), only urinary indices increased in concert with body water loss. During exercise (ACT), S
osm
and V
osm
exhibited the highest sensitivity and specificity. S
osm
, U
sg
and BMΔ exhibited validity in serial measurements. These findings indicate hydration biomarkers should be selected by considering daily activities.</description><subject>631/443</subject><subject>692/53</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Biomarkers - chemistry</subject><subject>Body fat</subject><subject>Body mass</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Body water</subject><subject>Body Water - physiology</subject><subject>Clinical Nutrition</subject><subject>Dehydration</subject><subject>Dehydration - diagnosis</subject><subject>Dehydration - physiopathology</subject><subject>Drinking (Physiology)</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Feeding. Feeding behavior</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Heart Rate</subject><subject>Hot Temperature</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hydration</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Metabolic Diseases</subject><subject>original-article</subject><subject>Osmolar Concentration</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>Saliva - chemistry</subject><subject>Sensitivity</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><subject>Serum - chemistry</subject><subject>Specific gravity</subject><subject>Urine</subject><subject>Urine - chemistry</subject><subject>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><subject>Water loss</subject><subject>Water-Electrolyte Balance</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0954-3007</issn><issn>1476-5640</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp9ksuP0zAQhyMEYsvCkSuKhEBcUvyI7eRYrXhJK3GBs-XY49bFsYudrNT_HkeU3YIq5IMf883DM7-qeonRGiPavYe9DmuCMF3jnj2qVrgVvGG8RY-rFepZ21CExFX1LOc9QsUoyNPqirSY9JSTVWU3OUPOI4SpjrbeHU1Sk4uhHlwcVfoBKdcuaD8bF7Z1Vt7dqXSsYx6jL5fpWJs5LaaDytndQa2CqZWelqOB-3DPqydW-QwvTvt19f3jh283n5vbr5--3GxuG80JmhraDRaUJQpRTLk1lEGnDVeDErjVrdCaYsDDwKA31na90bwzHTNCgLXI9vS6evc77iHFnzPkSY4ua_BeBYhzlrjlDAvRMVHQ1_-g-zinUKqThLekcLSj_6NKrJZjyhB5oLbKg3TBxikpvaSWG8pazjHBrFDNBWoLAZLyMYB15fkvfn2BL8vA6PRFh7dnDjtQftrl6OdlAvliJTrFnBNYeUiujPsoMZKLrOQiK7nIShZZFf7VqQvzMIK5p__oqABvToDKWnmbVNAuP3Ci56ijZ1_Kh0U1kM7aeTHzLwnu47I</recordid><startdate>20131201</startdate><enddate>20131201</enddate><creator>Muñoz, C X</creator><creator>Johnson, E C</creator><creator>DeMartini, J K</creator><creator>Huggins, R A</creator><creator>McKenzie, A L</creator><creator>Casa, D J</creator><creator>Maresh, C M</creator><creator>Armstrong, L E</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20131201</creationdate><title>Assessment of hydration biomarkers including salivary osmolality during passive and active dehydration</title><author>Muñoz, C X ; Johnson, E C ; DeMartini, J K ; Huggins, R A ; McKenzie, A L ; Casa, D J ; Maresh, C M ; Armstrong, L E</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c620t-38bfeaf2a03136fd35e8cd6aba714c47cc31e1bb5e9dff89dc68d85d77eff0f93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>631/443</topic><topic>692/53</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Biomarkers - chemistry</topic><topic>Body fat</topic><topic>Body mass</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Body water</topic><topic>Body Water - physiology</topic><topic>Clinical Nutrition</topic><topic>Dehydration</topic><topic>Dehydration - diagnosis</topic><topic>Dehydration - physiopathology</topic><topic>Drinking (Physiology)</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Feeding. Feeding behavior</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Heart Rate</topic><topic>Hot Temperature</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hydration</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Metabolic Diseases</topic><topic>original-article</topic><topic>Osmolar Concentration</topic><topic>Public Health</topic><topic>Saliva - chemistry</topic><topic>Sensitivity</topic><topic>Sensitivity and Specificity</topic><topic>Serum - chemistry</topic><topic>Specific gravity</topic><topic>Urine</topic><topic>Urine - chemistry</topic><topic>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</topic><topic>Water loss</topic><topic>Water-Electrolyte Balance</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Muñoz, C X</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnson, E C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DeMartini, J K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huggins, R A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKenzie, A L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casa, D J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maresh, C M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Armstrong, L E</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>British Nursing Database</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>European journal of clinical nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Muñoz, C X</au><au>Johnson, E C</au><au>DeMartini, J K</au><au>Huggins, R A</au><au>McKenzie, A L</au><au>Casa, D J</au><au>Maresh, C M</au><au>Armstrong, L E</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Assessment of hydration biomarkers including salivary osmolality during passive and active dehydration</atitle><jtitle>European journal of clinical nutrition</jtitle><stitle>Eur J Clin Nutr</stitle><addtitle>Eur J Clin Nutr</addtitle><date>2013-12-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>67</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>1257</spage><epage>1263</epage><pages>1257-1263</pages><issn>0954-3007</issn><eissn>1476-5640</eissn><abstract>BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:
Hydration state can be assessed via body mass change (BMΔ), serum and urine osmolality (S
osm
, U
osm
), urine-specific gravity (U
sg
) and urine volume (U
vol
). As no hydration index has been shown to be valid in all circumstances, value exists in exploring novel biomarkers such as salivary osmolality (V
osm
). Utilizing acute BMΔ as the reference standard, this research examined the efficacy of S
osm
, V
osm
, U
osm
, U
vol
and U
sg
, during passive (PAS) and active (ACT) heat exposure.
SUBJECTS/METHODS:
Twenty-three healthy men (age, 22±3 years; mass, 77.3±12.8 kg; height, 179.9±8.8cm; body fat, 10.6±4.5%) completed two randomized 5-h dehydration trials (36±1 °C). During PAS, subjects sat quietly, and during ACT, participants cycled at 68±6% maximal heart rate. Investigators measured all biomarkers at each 1% BMΔ.
RESULTS:
Average mass loss during PAS was 1.4±0.3%, and 4.1±0.7% during ACT. Significant between-treatment differences at −1% BMΔ were observed for S
osm
(PAS, 296±4; ACT, 301±4 mOsm/kg) and U
osm
(PAS, 895±207; ACT, 661±192 mOsm/kg). During PAS, only U
osm
, U
vol
and U
sg
increased significantly (−1 and −2% BMΔ versus baseline). During ACT, V
osm
most effectively diagnosed dehydration ⩾2% (sensitivity=86%; specificity=91%), followed by S
osm
(sensitivity=83%; specificity=83%). Reference change values were validated for S
osm
, U
sg
and BMΔ.
CONCLUSIONS:
The efficacy of indices to detect dehydration ⩾2% differed across treatments. At rest (PAS), only urinary indices increased in concert with body water loss. During exercise (ACT), S
osm
and V
osm
exhibited the highest sensitivity and specificity. S
osm
, U
sg
and BMΔ exhibited validity in serial measurements. These findings indicate hydration biomarkers should be selected by considering daily activities.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>24129362</pmid><doi>10.1038/ejcn.2013.195</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0954-3007 |
| ispartof | European journal of clinical nutrition, 2013-12, Vol.67 (12), p.1257-1263 |
| issn | 0954-3007 1476-5640 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1465177857 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | 631/443 692/53 Adult Biological and medical sciences Biomarkers Biomarkers - chemistry Body fat Body mass Body mass index Body water Body Water - physiology Clinical Nutrition Dehydration Dehydration - diagnosis Dehydration - physiopathology Drinking (Physiology) Epidemiology Exercise Feeding. Feeding behavior Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Health aspects Heart Rate Hot Temperature Humans Hydration Internal Medicine Male Medical sciences Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metabolic Diseases original-article Osmolar Concentration Public Health Saliva - chemistry Sensitivity Sensitivity and Specificity Serum - chemistry Specific gravity Urine Urine - chemistry Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems Water loss Water-Electrolyte Balance Young Adult |
| title | Assessment of hydration biomarkers including salivary osmolality during passive and active dehydration |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-05T09%3A48%3A26IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_proqu&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Assessment%20of%20hydration%20biomarkers%20including%20salivary%20osmolality%20during%20passive%20and%20active%20dehydration&rft.jtitle=European%20journal%20of%20clinical%20nutrition&rft.au=Mu%C3%B1oz,%20C%20X&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1257&rft.epage=1263&rft.pages=1257-1263&rft.issn=0954-3007&rft.eissn=1476-5640&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038/ejcn.2013.195&rft_dat=%3Cgale_proqu%3EA354661215%3C/gale_proqu%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1464613502&rft_id=info:pmid/24129362&rft_galeid=A354661215&rfr_iscdi=true |