Total Muscle-Sparing Uniportal Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Lobectomy

Background Conventional video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy uses multiple incisions, including an access incision and several port incisions. This series aims to evaluate the technical feasibility and early results of uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (UVATS) lobectomy using a small, total muscle-sparing incision. Methods We performed the first UVATS lobectomy in June 2009, and 38 major resections were attempted using this approach until September 2011. A single, small, muscle-sparing incision was made without rib spreading. True anatomic hilar dissection, individual vascular and bronchial ligation, and mediastinal lymph node dissection were performed under thoracoscopic visualization on a monitor. Results Thirty-two patients (84%) had malignant diseases, and 6 patients (16%) had benign diseases. Of the primary lung cancers, 85% were in stage I. Of the 38 attempted major resections, 32 UVATS lobectomies were successfully completed and 6 were converted to open thoracotomy. The early outcomes of successful UVATS lobectomy were analyzed (32 patients); 97% had no postoperative complications. There were no deaths. Mean pain score was 0.4 on postoperative day 1 and decreased to 0 by 1 week. Ninety-seven percent of patients received only oral analgesia postoperatively. Eight percent of patients experienced mild intercostal neuralgia not requiring treatment. No patients complained of shoulder dysfunction. The median duration of returning to full normal activities was 7 postoperative days. Conclusions Total muscle-sparing UVATS lobectomy is technically feasible with low morbidity and mortality rates. Patients had minimal postoperative pain and narcotic use; and good functional outcomes with no shoulder dysfunction and early return to full normal activities.