Facile fabrication of MnO(2) nanorod/graphene hybrid as cathode materials for lithium batteries

A facile thermal annealing method is demonstrated to fabricate the MnO(2) nanorods/graphene hybrid. The MnO(2) nanorods are well anchored on the graphene, confirmed by the scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images. The hybrid annealed at 300 C (MC-300) shows a high initial discharge capacity of 241 mAhg(-1) at 0.1 C with a graphene loading rate of 9%. lnaddition. it shows good cycling stability and maintains a capacity of 158.3 mAhg(-1) after 100 cycles in the potential window between 2 and 3.5 V. The MG-300 exhibits the best electrochemical performance among all the materials, which is due to the high electronic conductivity of graphene and the MnO(2) nanorods which is consisted of gamma -MnO(2) and P-MnO(2).