Preparation and characterization of Pd/Fe bimetallic nanoparticles immobilized in PVDF super(.Al) sub(2)O sub(3 membrane for dechlorination of monochloroacetic acid)

An innovative matrix composed of a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane modified by adding alumina (Al sub(2O) sub(3)) nanoparticles was prepared. Pd/Fe nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully immobilized in the PVDF super(.Al) sub(2)O sub(3 membrane, which was initially crosslinked by polyacrylic acid (PAA). The PVDF) super(.)Al sub(2O) sub(3) membrane and the Pd/Fe NPs immobilized in PVDF super(.Al) sub(2)O sub(3 were characterized by scanning electronic microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Studies showed that the amount of Fe immobilized in the PVDF) super(.)Al sub(2O) sub(3) membrane was four times more than the amount in a traditional PVDF membrane carrier of the same surface size. Pd/Fe NPs immobilized in PVDF super(.Al) sub(2)O sub(3 exhibited high efficiency and stability in terms of dechlorination of monochloroacetic acid (MCAA). The effects of several important experimental parameters, including the added Al) sub(2)O sub(3 amount in PVDF, ferrous concentration in crosslinking solution and Pd content in Pd/Fe NPs were investigated. The reasons behind the improved properties of the PVDF) super(.)Al sub(2O) sub(3) membrane were discussed.