Vegetation in the urban environment: microclimatic analysis and benefits

This paper describes work that was carried out by CRES, in the frame of the EU-funded Joule project “PRECis: assessing the potential for renewable energy in cities.” The main aim of the project is to develop simplified parameters that describe the microclimate and environmental performance of different urban textures. One of the roles of CRES within the team was to describe simplified parameters for the use of vegetation in the urban context, which can eventually be used irrespective of site-specific characteristics for different climatic contexts and urban textures. Of particular interest is the effect of vegetation on microclimate: thermal effects, as well as the effect of vegetation on solar and daylight access. These affect the microclimate of the existing open spaces as well as the energy use of the surrounding buildings for heating, cooling and lighting, through shading, evapotranspiration, etc. Simple parametric studies were examined, to identify the thermal impact of vegetation in the urban environment, at the scale of the urban block, particularly as far as the reduction of air temperature is concerned.