Catalytic regeneration of mercury sorbents
•The regeneration of activated carbon as a mercury sorbent is investigated.•FeCl3 and NaCl are found to be suitable catalysts for HgCl2 decomposition.•Reaction rate can be increased by a factor of 10.•Activation energy can be reduced by as much as 40%. Traditionally, mercury sorbents are disposed of...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of hazardous materials 2013-11, Vol.262, p.642-648 |
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| creator | Bentley, Mark Fan, Maohong Dutcher, Bryce Tang, Mingchen Argyle, Morris D. Russell, Armistead G. Zhang, Yulong Sharma, M.P. Swapp, Susan M. |
| description | •The regeneration of activated carbon as a mercury sorbent is investigated.•FeCl3 and NaCl are found to be suitable catalysts for HgCl2 decomposition.•Reaction rate can be increased by a factor of 10.•Activation energy can be reduced by as much as 40%.
Traditionally, mercury sorbents are disposed of in landfills, which may lead to contamination of soil and groundwater. In this work, the regeneration of activated carbon (AC) as a mercury sorbent was investigated. The decomposition of HgCl2 on the surface of pure AC was studied, as well as sorbent which has been treated with FeCl3 or NaCl. In all cases, the sorbent is found to be structurally stable through a single regeneration, which is verified through BET, XRD, and XPS analysis. The desorption of mercury from the sorbent is found to follow Henry's law. Additionally, a kinetic analysis suggests that although the presence of activated carbon lowers the energy requirement for the desorption of mercury, it significantly decreases the rate by decreasing the concentration of the HgCl2. FeCl3 and NaCl both promoted the decomposition of HgCl2, but FeCl3 did so more significantly, increasing the rate constants by a factor of 10 and decreasing the activation energy for the decomposition of HgCl2 by 14% to 40%. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.09.021 |
| format | Article |
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Traditionally, mercury sorbents are disposed of in landfills, which may lead to contamination of soil and groundwater. In this work, the regeneration of activated carbon (AC) as a mercury sorbent was investigated. The decomposition of HgCl2 on the surface of pure AC was studied, as well as sorbent which has been treated with FeCl3 or NaCl. In all cases, the sorbent is found to be structurally stable through a single regeneration, which is verified through BET, XRD, and XPS analysis. The desorption of mercury from the sorbent is found to follow Henry's law. Additionally, a kinetic analysis suggests that although the presence of activated carbon lowers the energy requirement for the desorption of mercury, it significantly decreases the rate by decreasing the concentration of the HgCl2. FeCl3 and NaCl both promoted the decomposition of HgCl2, but FeCl3 did so more significantly, increasing the rate constants by a factor of 10 and decreasing the activation energy for the decomposition of HgCl2 by 14% to 40%.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0304-3894</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-3336</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.09.021</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24121636</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JHMAD9</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Adsorption ; Applied sciences ; Carbon - chemistry ; Catalysis ; Catalytic reactions ; Catalytic regeneration ; Chemical engineering ; Chemistry ; Chlorides - chemistry ; Environmental Pollutants - chemistry ; Exact sciences and technology ; Ferric Compounds - chemistry ; General and physical chemistry ; General treatment and storage processes ; Groundwaters ; HgCl2 decomposition ; Kinetics ; Mercuric Chloride - chemistry ; Mercury removal ; Models, Chemical ; Natural water pollution ; Pollution ; Reactors ; Recycling - methods ; Sodium Chloride - chemistry ; Theory of reactions, general kinetics. Catalysis. Nomenclature, chemical documentation, computer chemistry ; Waste Management - methods ; Wastes ; Water treatment and pollution</subject><ispartof>Journal of hazardous materials, 2013-11, Vol.262, p.642-648</ispartof><rights>2013 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c395t-49bce5a65fd37feaa6178d6f8c753422a6607bd19ecb04eb4cd274071f1bcdf93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c395t-49bce5a65fd37feaa6178d6f8c753422a6607bd19ecb04eb4cd274071f1bcdf93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389413006651$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3536,27903,27904,65309</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28036201$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24121636$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bentley, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fan, Maohong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dutcher, Bryce</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tang, Mingchen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Argyle, Morris D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Russell, Armistead G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yulong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sharma, M.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Swapp, Susan M.</creatorcontrib><title>Catalytic regeneration of mercury sorbents</title><title>Journal of hazardous materials</title><addtitle>J Hazard Mater</addtitle><description>•The regeneration of activated carbon as a mercury sorbent is investigated.•FeCl3 and NaCl are found to be suitable catalysts for HgCl2 decomposition.•Reaction rate can be increased by a factor of 10.•Activation energy can be reduced by as much as 40%.
Traditionally, mercury sorbents are disposed of in landfills, which may lead to contamination of soil and groundwater. In this work, the regeneration of activated carbon (AC) as a mercury sorbent was investigated. The decomposition of HgCl2 on the surface of pure AC was studied, as well as sorbent which has been treated with FeCl3 or NaCl. In all cases, the sorbent is found to be structurally stable through a single regeneration, which is verified through BET, XRD, and XPS analysis. The desorption of mercury from the sorbent is found to follow Henry's law. Additionally, a kinetic analysis suggests that although the presence of activated carbon lowers the energy requirement for the desorption of mercury, it significantly decreases the rate by decreasing the concentration of the HgCl2. FeCl3 and NaCl both promoted the decomposition of HgCl2, but FeCl3 did so more significantly, increasing the rate constants by a factor of 10 and decreasing the activation energy for the decomposition of HgCl2 by 14% to 40%.</description><subject>Adsorption</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Carbon - chemistry</subject><subject>Catalysis</subject><subject>Catalytic reactions</subject><subject>Catalytic regeneration</subject><subject>Chemical engineering</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Chlorides - chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Pollutants - chemistry</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Ferric Compounds - chemistry</subject><subject>General and physical chemistry</subject><subject>General treatment and storage processes</subject><subject>Groundwaters</subject><subject>HgCl2 decomposition</subject><subject>Kinetics</subject><subject>Mercuric Chloride - chemistry</subject><subject>Mercury removal</subject><subject>Models, Chemical</subject><subject>Natural water pollution</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Reactors</subject><subject>Recycling - methods</subject><subject>Sodium Chloride - chemistry</subject><subject>Theory of reactions, general kinetics. Catalysis. Nomenclature, chemical documentation, computer chemistry</subject><subject>Waste Management - methods</subject><subject>Wastes</subject><subject>Water treatment and pollution</subject><issn>0304-3894</issn><issn>1873-3336</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkEtLxDAUhYMozjj6E5RuBBFak-bVrEQGXzDgRtchTW80pQ9NOsL46-0wVZeu7uY751w-hE4Jzggm4qrO6jfz1ZohyzGhGVYZzskempNC0pRSKvbRHFPMUlooNkNHMdYYYyI5O0SznJGcCCrm6HJpBtNsBm-TAK_QQTCD77ukd0kLwa7DJol9KKEb4jE6cKaJcDLdBXq5u31ePqSrp_vH5c0qtVTxIWWqtMCN4K6i0oExgsiiEq6wklOW50YILMuKKLAlZlAyW-WSYUkcKW3lFF2gi13ve-g_1hAH3fpooWlMB_06asK44oKqAo8o36E29DEGcPo9-NaEjSZYbzXpWk-a9FaTxkqPmsbc2TSxLluoflM_XkbgfAJMtKZxwXTWxz9u3BbbwgW63nEwCvn0EHS0HjoLlQ9gB131_p9XvgEUsog5</recordid><startdate>20131115</startdate><enddate>20131115</enddate><creator>Bentley, Mark</creator><creator>Fan, Maohong</creator><creator>Dutcher, Bryce</creator><creator>Tang, Mingchen</creator><creator>Argyle, Morris D.</creator><creator>Russell, Armistead G.</creator><creator>Zhang, Yulong</creator><creator>Sharma, M.P.</creator><creator>Swapp, Susan M.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20131115</creationdate><title>Catalytic regeneration of mercury sorbents</title><author>Bentley, Mark ; Fan, Maohong ; Dutcher, Bryce ; Tang, Mingchen ; Argyle, Morris D. ; Russell, Armistead G. ; Zhang, Yulong ; Sharma, M.P. ; Swapp, Susan M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c395t-49bce5a65fd37feaa6178d6f8c753422a6607bd19ecb04eb4cd274071f1bcdf93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Adsorption</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Carbon - chemistry</topic><topic>Catalysis</topic><topic>Catalytic reactions</topic><topic>Catalytic regeneration</topic><topic>Chemical engineering</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Chlorides - chemistry</topic><topic>Environmental Pollutants - chemistry</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Ferric Compounds - chemistry</topic><topic>General and physical chemistry</topic><topic>General treatment and storage processes</topic><topic>Groundwaters</topic><topic>HgCl2 decomposition</topic><topic>Kinetics</topic><topic>Mercuric Chloride - chemistry</topic><topic>Mercury removal</topic><topic>Models, Chemical</topic><topic>Natural water pollution</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Reactors</topic><topic>Recycling - methods</topic><topic>Sodium Chloride - chemistry</topic><topic>Theory of reactions, general kinetics. Catalysis. Nomenclature, chemical documentation, computer chemistry</topic><topic>Waste Management - methods</topic><topic>Wastes</topic><topic>Water treatment and pollution</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bentley, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fan, Maohong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dutcher, Bryce</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tang, Mingchen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Argyle, Morris D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Russell, Armistead G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yulong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sharma, M.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Swapp, Susan M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of hazardous materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bentley, Mark</au><au>Fan, Maohong</au><au>Dutcher, Bryce</au><au>Tang, Mingchen</au><au>Argyle, Morris D.</au><au>Russell, Armistead G.</au><au>Zhang, Yulong</au><au>Sharma, M.P.</au><au>Swapp, Susan M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Catalytic regeneration of mercury sorbents</atitle><jtitle>Journal of hazardous materials</jtitle><addtitle>J Hazard Mater</addtitle><date>2013-11-15</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>262</volume><spage>642</spage><epage>648</epage><pages>642-648</pages><issn>0304-3894</issn><eissn>1873-3336</eissn><coden>JHMAD9</coden><abstract>•The regeneration of activated carbon as a mercury sorbent is investigated.•FeCl3 and NaCl are found to be suitable catalysts for HgCl2 decomposition.•Reaction rate can be increased by a factor of 10.•Activation energy can be reduced by as much as 40%.
Traditionally, mercury sorbents are disposed of in landfills, which may lead to contamination of soil and groundwater. In this work, the regeneration of activated carbon (AC) as a mercury sorbent was investigated. The decomposition of HgCl2 on the surface of pure AC was studied, as well as sorbent which has been treated with FeCl3 or NaCl. In all cases, the sorbent is found to be structurally stable through a single regeneration, which is verified through BET, XRD, and XPS analysis. The desorption of mercury from the sorbent is found to follow Henry's law. Additionally, a kinetic analysis suggests that although the presence of activated carbon lowers the energy requirement for the desorption of mercury, it significantly decreases the rate by decreasing the concentration of the HgCl2. FeCl3 and NaCl both promoted the decomposition of HgCl2, but FeCl3 did so more significantly, increasing the rate constants by a factor of 10 and decreasing the activation energy for the decomposition of HgCl2 by 14% to 40%.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>24121636</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.09.021</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of hazardous materials, 2013-11, Vol.262, p.642-648 |
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| subjects | Adsorption Applied sciences Carbon - chemistry Catalysis Catalytic reactions Catalytic regeneration Chemical engineering Chemistry Chlorides - chemistry Environmental Pollutants - chemistry Exact sciences and technology Ferric Compounds - chemistry General and physical chemistry General treatment and storage processes Groundwaters HgCl2 decomposition Kinetics Mercuric Chloride - chemistry Mercury removal Models, Chemical Natural water pollution Pollution Reactors Recycling - methods Sodium Chloride - chemistry Theory of reactions, general kinetics. Catalysis. Nomenclature, chemical documentation, computer chemistry Waste Management - methods Wastes Water treatment and pollution |
| title | Catalytic regeneration of mercury sorbents |
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