Comparative effects of ammonium and nitrate compounds on Pacific treefrog and african clawed frog embryos
The effects of ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, and sodium nitrate on survival and growth of Pacific treefrog (Pseudacris regilla) and African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) embryos were determined in static-renewal tests. The 10-day LC50s for the three ammonium compounds for P....
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 1999-02, Vol.36 (2), p.200-206 |
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| description | The effects of ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, and sodium nitrate on survival and growth of Pacific treefrog (Pseudacris regilla) and African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) embryos were determined in static-renewal tests. The 10-day LC50s for the three ammonium compounds for P. regilla ranged from 25.0-32. 4 mg/L NH4 -N. The 10-day sodium nitrate LC50 for P. regilla was 578. 0 mg/L NO3-N. LC50s for X. laevis exposed for 4 or 5 days to the three ammonium compounds ranged from 27.5-60.2 mg/L NH4-N. The sodium nitrate LC50 for X. laevis ranged from 438.4-871.6 mg/L NO3-N. The lowest LOAEL based on length or weight was 6.1 mg/L NH4-N for the two species. The lowest LOAELs for NO3-N were 111.1 mg/L for P. regilla and 56.7 mg/L for X. laevis. Calculated unionized NH3 comprised 0.5-1.8% of measured NH4-N concentrations. Potential harm to amphibian populations could occur if NH4-N and NO3-N in agricultural runoff or drainage impacts sensitive life stages for a sufficiently long period. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s002449900461 |
| format | Article |
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S ; NEBEKER, A. V</creator><creatorcontrib>SCHUYTEMA, G. S ; NEBEKER, A. V</creatorcontrib><description>The effects of ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, and sodium nitrate on survival and growth of Pacific treefrog (Pseudacris regilla) and African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) embryos were determined in static-renewal tests. The 10-day LC50s for the three ammonium compounds for P. regilla ranged from 25.0-32. 4 mg/L NH4 -N. The 10-day sodium nitrate LC50 for P. regilla was 578. 0 mg/L NO3-N. LC50s for X. laevis exposed for 4 or 5 days to the three ammonium compounds ranged from 27.5-60.2 mg/L NH4-N. The sodium nitrate LC50 for X. laevis ranged from 438.4-871.6 mg/L NO3-N. The lowest LOAEL based on length or weight was 6.1 mg/L NH4-N for the two species. The lowest LOAELs for NO3-N were 111.1 mg/L for P. regilla and 56.7 mg/L for X. laevis. Calculated unionized NH3 comprised 0.5-1.8% of measured NH4-N concentrations. Potential harm to amphibian populations could occur if NH4-N and NO3-N in agricultural runoff or drainage impacts sensitive life stages for a sufficiently long period.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0090-4341</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-0703</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s002449900461</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9888966</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AECTCV</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>Agricultural runoff ; Ammonium ; Ammonium nitrate ; Amphibians ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Animals ; Anura - embryology ; Applied ecology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution ; Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates ; Embryos ; Female ; Fertilizers ; Frogs ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Male ; Nitrates ; Nitrates - toxicity ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - toxicity ; Reptiles & amphibians ; Reptilia. Amphibia ; Sodium ; Xenopus laevis - embryology</subject><ispartof>Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology, 1999-02, Vol.36 (2), p.200-206</ispartof><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag New York Inc. 1999</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-3fa1d728f90268630ffda64c014ad6dc58089aca32ac0c81694cdf99d2cc5ba13</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1720255$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9888966$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>SCHUYTEMA, G. S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NEBEKER, A. V</creatorcontrib><title>Comparative effects of ammonium and nitrate compounds on Pacific treefrog and african clawed frog embryos</title><title>Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology</title><addtitle>Arch Environ Contam Toxicol</addtitle><description>The effects of ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, and sodium nitrate on survival and growth of Pacific treefrog (Pseudacris regilla) and African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) embryos were determined in static-renewal tests. The 10-day LC50s for the three ammonium compounds for P. regilla ranged from 25.0-32. 4 mg/L NH4 -N. The 10-day sodium nitrate LC50 for P. regilla was 578. 0 mg/L NO3-N. LC50s for X. laevis exposed for 4 or 5 days to the three ammonium compounds ranged from 27.5-60.2 mg/L NH4-N. The sodium nitrate LC50 for X. laevis ranged from 438.4-871.6 mg/L NO3-N. The lowest LOAEL based on length or weight was 6.1 mg/L NH4-N for the two species. The lowest LOAELs for NO3-N were 111.1 mg/L for P. regilla and 56.7 mg/L for X. laevis. Calculated unionized NH3 comprised 0.5-1.8% of measured NH4-N concentrations. Potential harm to amphibian populations could occur if NH4-N and NO3-N in agricultural runoff or drainage impacts sensitive life stages for a sufficiently long period.</description><subject>Agricultural runoff</subject><subject>Ammonium</subject><subject>Ammonium nitrate</subject><subject>Amphibians</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anura - embryology</subject><subject>Applied ecology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</subject><subject>Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates</subject><subject>Embryos</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fertilizers</subject><subject>Frogs</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Nitrates</subject><subject>Nitrates - toxicity</subject><subject>Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - toxicity</subject><subject>Reptiles & amphibians</subject><subject>Reptilia. Amphibia</subject><subject>Sodium</subject><subject>Xenopus laevis - embryology</subject><issn>0090-4341</issn><issn>1432-0703</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1999</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0U2LFDEQBuAgyjq7evQoBJS9tVY-Op0cZfALFvSg56amkkiW7s6YdLvsvzfuDopePBVUPbxQvIw9E_BKAAyvK4DU2jkAbcQDthNayQ4GUA_ZDsBBp5UWj9l5rdcAQlqrz9iZs9Y6Y3Ys7fN8xIJr-hF4iDHQWnmOHOc5L2mbOS6eL2ltInBqNm-Lb2Lhn5FSTMTXEkIs-dudxFgS4cJpwpvg-d0-zIdym-sT9ijiVMPT07xgX9-9_bL_0F19ev9x_-aqIz2otVMRhR-kjQ6ksUZBjB6NJhAavfHUW7AOCZVEArLCOE0-OuclUX9AoS7Y5X3useTvW6jrOKdKYZpwCXmro9C9sMao_0NlQLpBNvjiH3idt7K0J0bRi6HlDeCa6u4VlVxrCXE8ljRjuR0FjL-aGv9qqvnnp9TtMAf_W5-qafeXpztWwikWXCjVP6GDBNn36ieVxZrr</recordid><startdate>19990201</startdate><enddate>19990201</enddate><creator>SCHUYTEMA, G. 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Psychology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Nitrates</topic><topic>Nitrates - toxicity</topic><topic>Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - toxicity</topic><topic>Reptiles & amphibians</topic><topic>Reptilia. Amphibia</topic><topic>Sodium</topic><topic>Xenopus laevis - embryology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>SCHUYTEMA, G. S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NEBEKER, A. 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S</au><au>NEBEKER, A. V</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Comparative effects of ammonium and nitrate compounds on Pacific treefrog and african clawed frog embryos</atitle><jtitle>Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology</jtitle><addtitle>Arch Environ Contam Toxicol</addtitle><date>1999-02-01</date><risdate>1999</risdate><volume>36</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>200</spage><epage>206</epage><pages>200-206</pages><issn>0090-4341</issn><eissn>1432-0703</eissn><coden>AECTCV</coden><abstract>The effects of ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, and sodium nitrate on survival and growth of Pacific treefrog (Pseudacris regilla) and African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) embryos were determined in static-renewal tests. The 10-day LC50s for the three ammonium compounds for P. regilla ranged from 25.0-32. 4 mg/L NH4 -N. The 10-day sodium nitrate LC50 for P. regilla was 578. 0 mg/L NO3-N. LC50s for X. laevis exposed for 4 or 5 days to the three ammonium compounds ranged from 27.5-60.2 mg/L NH4-N. The sodium nitrate LC50 for X. laevis ranged from 438.4-871.6 mg/L NO3-N. The lowest LOAEL based on length or weight was 6.1 mg/L NH4-N for the two species. The lowest LOAELs for NO3-N were 111.1 mg/L for P. regilla and 56.7 mg/L for X. laevis. Calculated unionized NH3 comprised 0.5-1.8% of measured NH4-N concentrations. Potential harm to amphibian populations could occur if NH4-N and NO3-N in agricultural runoff or drainage impacts sensitive life stages for a sufficiently long period.</abstract><cop>Heidelberg</cop><cop>Berlin</cop><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Springer-Verlag</pub><pmid>9888966</pmid><doi>10.1007/s002449900461</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Agricultural runoff Ammonium Ammonium nitrate Amphibians Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Anura - embryology Applied ecology Biological and medical sciences Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates Embryos Female Fertilizers Frogs Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Male Nitrates Nitrates - toxicity Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - toxicity Reptiles & amphibians Reptilia. Amphibia Sodium Xenopus laevis - embryology |
| title | Comparative effects of ammonium and nitrate compounds on Pacific treefrog and african clawed frog embryos |
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