Illite transformation and potassium release upon changes in composition of the rhizophere soil solution

Aims and background Release of 'non-exchangeable' potassium (K) from interlayers of illite is diffusioncontrolled and has been shown to depend on the solution concentration of Ê and other cations (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, NH₄⁺). Methods We analysed changes in soil solution concentrations of K and compe...

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Veröffentlicht in:Plant and soil 2013-10, Vol.371 (1/2), p.267-279
Hauptverfasser: Vetterlein, Doris, Kühn, Thomas, Kaiser, Klaus, Jahn, Reinhold
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creator Vetterlein, Doris
Kühn, Thomas
Kaiser, Klaus
Jahn, Reinhold
description Aims and background Release of 'non-exchangeable' potassium (K) from interlayers of illite is diffusioncontrolled and has been shown to depend on the solution concentration of Ê and other cations (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, NH₄⁺). Methods We analysed changes in soil solution concentrations of K and competing cations in situ at different distances from the root surface over time and related them to the transformation of illite, as revealed by X-ray diffraction, and chemical measures of differently bound K. Results and Conclusions Within 49 and 98 days, respectively, 6.4 and 14.4 % of the illite's total K was released upon contact with the root system. Mixed layered minerals increased from 33 (0 d) to 35 (49 d) to 40 % (98 d). Release of K from interlayers and the transformation of illite occurred at soil solution K concentrations close to the threshold of 80 µM suggested earlier. Concentrations of Ca and Mg increased with decreasing distance from the root surface, promoting the release of K. The NaBPh₄ method supposed to determine 'non-exchangeable' K extracted only 1/3 of the total K from illite.
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Methods We analysed changes in soil solution concentrations of K and competing cations in situ at different distances from the root surface over time and related them to the transformation of illite, as revealed by X-ray diffraction, and chemical measures of differently bound K. Results and Conclusions Within 49 and 98 days, respectively, 6.4 and 14.4 % of the illite's total K was released upon contact with the root system. Mixed layered minerals increased from 33 (0 d) to 35 (49 d) to 40 % (98 d). Release of K from interlayers and the transformation of illite occurred at soil solution K concentrations close to the threshold of 80 µM suggested earlier. Concentrations of Ca and Mg increased with decreasing distance from the root surface, promoting the release of K. The NaBPh₄ method supposed to determine 'non-exchangeable' K extracted only 1/3 of the total K from illite.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0032-079X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-5036</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11104-013-1680-6</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PLSOA2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer</publisher><subject>Agricultural soils ; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Biogeochemistry ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Cations ; Chemical properties ; Clay soils ; Ecology ; Environmental aspects ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; General agronomy. Plant production ; Identification and classification ; Illite ; Life Sciences ; Minerals ; Physical properties ; Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils ; Plant Physiology ; Plant roots ; Plant Sciences ; Plants ; Potassium ; Regular Article ; Rhizosphere ; Soil chemistry ; Soil composition ; Soil conditioners ; Soil microorganisms ; Soil science ; Soil Science &amp; Conservation ; Soil solution ; Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility ; Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. 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Methods We analysed changes in soil solution concentrations of K and competing cations in situ at different distances from the root surface over time and related them to the transformation of illite, as revealed by X-ray diffraction, and chemical measures of differently bound K. Results and Conclusions Within 49 and 98 days, respectively, 6.4 and 14.4 % of the illite's total K was released upon contact with the root system. Mixed layered minerals increased from 33 (0 d) to 35 (49 d) to 40 % (98 d). Release of K from interlayers and the transformation of illite occurred at soil solution K concentrations close to the threshold of 80 µM suggested earlier. Concentrations of Ca and Mg increased with decreasing distance from the root surface, promoting the release of K. The NaBPh₄ method supposed to determine 'non-exchangeable' K extracted only 1/3 of the total K from illite.</description><subject>Agricultural soils</subject><subject>Agronomy. 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Methods We analysed changes in soil solution concentrations of K and competing cations in situ at different distances from the root surface over time and related them to the transformation of illite, as revealed by X-ray diffraction, and chemical measures of differently bound K. Results and Conclusions Within 49 and 98 days, respectively, 6.4 and 14.4 % of the illite's total K was released upon contact with the root system. Mixed layered minerals increased from 33 (0 d) to 35 (49 d) to 40 % (98 d). Release of K from interlayers and the transformation of illite occurred at soil solution K concentrations close to the threshold of 80 µM suggested earlier. Concentrations of Ca and Mg increased with decreasing distance from the root surface, promoting the release of K. The NaBPh₄ method supposed to determine 'non-exchangeable' K extracted only 1/3 of the total K from illite.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer</pub><doi>10.1007/s11104-013-1680-6</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record>
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source SpringerNature Journals; JSTOR
subjects Agricultural soils
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Biogeochemistry
Biological and medical sciences
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cations
Chemical properties
Clay soils
Ecology
Environmental aspects
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General agronomy. Plant production
Identification and classification
Illite
Life Sciences
Minerals
Physical properties
Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils
Plant Physiology
Plant roots
Plant Sciences
Plants
Potassium
Regular Article
Rhizosphere
Soil chemistry
Soil composition
Soil conditioners
Soil microorganisms
Soil science
Soil Science & Conservation
Soil solution
Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility
Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments
Vermiculite
Water and solute dynamics
X-ray diffraction
title Illite transformation and potassium release upon changes in composition of the rhizophere soil solution
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