Professional Fighters Brain Health Study: Rationale and Methods
Repetitive head trauma is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and is the primary cause of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. However, little is known about the natural history of, and risk factors for, chronic traumatic encephalopathy or about means of early detection and intervention. The Pro...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of epidemiology 2013-07, Vol.178 (2), p.280-286 |
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| container_title | American journal of epidemiology |
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| creator | BERNICK, Charles BANKS, Sarah PHILLIPS, Michael LOWE, Mark WANYONG SHIN OBUCHOWSKI, Nancy JONES, Stephen MODIC, Michael |
| description | Repetitive head trauma is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and is the primary cause of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. However, little is known about the natural history of, and risk factors for, chronic traumatic encephalopathy or about means of early detection and intervention. The Professional Fighters Brain Health Study is a longitudinal study of active professional fighters (boxers and mixed martial artists), retired professional fighters, and controls matched for age and level of education. The main objective of the Professional Fighters Brain Health Study is to determine the relationships between measures of head trauma exposure and other potential modifiers and changes in brain imaging and neurological and behavioral function over time. The study is designed to extend over 5 years, and we anticipate enrollment of more than 400 boxers and mixed martial artists. Participants will undergo annual evaluations that include 3-tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanning, computerized cognitive assessments, speech analysis, surveys of mood and impulsivity, and blood sampling for genotyping and exploratory biomarker studies. Statistical models will be developed and validated to predict early and progressive changes in brain structure and function. A composite fight exposure index, developed as a summary measure of cumulative traumatic exposure, shows promise as a predictor of brain volumes and cognitive function. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/aje/kws456 |
| format | Article |
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However, little is known about the natural history of, and risk factors for, chronic traumatic encephalopathy or about means of early detection and intervention. The Professional Fighters Brain Health Study is a longitudinal study of active professional fighters (boxers and mixed martial artists), retired professional fighters, and controls matched for age and level of education. The main objective of the Professional Fighters Brain Health Study is to determine the relationships between measures of head trauma exposure and other potential modifiers and changes in brain imaging and neurological and behavioral function over time. The study is designed to extend over 5 years, and we anticipate enrollment of more than 400 boxers and mixed martial artists. Participants will undergo annual evaluations that include 3-tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanning, computerized cognitive assessments, speech analysis, surveys of mood and impulsivity, and blood sampling for genotyping and exploratory biomarker studies. Statistical models will be developed and validated to predict early and progressive changes in brain structure and function. A composite fight exposure index, developed as a summary measure of cumulative traumatic exposure, shows promise as a predictor of brain volumes and cognitive function.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9262</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-6256</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/aje/kws456</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23735309</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AJEPAS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cary, NC: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alzheimer's disease ; Biological and medical sciences ; Boxing ; Boxing - injuries ; Brain Injury, Chronic - diagnosis ; Brain Injury, Chronic - etiology ; Brain Injury, Chronic - physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Clinical Protocols ; Epidemiology ; Female ; General aspects ; Humans ; Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents ; Longitudinal Studies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Martial Arts - injuries ; Medical research ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Miscellaneous ; Models, Statistical ; NMR ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Occupational Injuries - diagnosis ; Occupational Injuries - etiology ; Occupational Injuries - physiopathology ; Organic mental disorders. Neuropsychology ; Psychological Tests ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Research Design ; Risk factors ; Sample Size ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Trauma ; Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>American journal of epidemiology, 2013-07, Vol.178 (2), p.280-286</ispartof><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Oxford Publishing Limited(England) Jul 15, 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c480t-f8714db8ba8535a7c35d0fadd5cb7381ecd9db11f9f0298755b73c10c484dde33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c480t-f8714db8ba8535a7c35d0fadd5cb7381ecd9db11f9f0298755b73c10c484dde33</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=27822808$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23735309$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>BERNICK, Charles</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BANKS, Sarah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PHILLIPS, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LOWE, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WANYONG SHIN</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>OBUCHOWSKI, Nancy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>JONES, Stephen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MODIC, Michael</creatorcontrib><title>Professional Fighters Brain Health Study: Rationale and Methods</title><title>American journal of epidemiology</title><addtitle>Am J Epidemiol</addtitle><description>Repetitive head trauma is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and is the primary cause of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. However, little is known about the natural history of, and risk factors for, chronic traumatic encephalopathy or about means of early detection and intervention. The Professional Fighters Brain Health Study is a longitudinal study of active professional fighters (boxers and mixed martial artists), retired professional fighters, and controls matched for age and level of education. The main objective of the Professional Fighters Brain Health Study is to determine the relationships between measures of head trauma exposure and other potential modifiers and changes in brain imaging and neurological and behavioral function over time. The study is designed to extend over 5 years, and we anticipate enrollment of more than 400 boxers and mixed martial artists. Participants will undergo annual evaluations that include 3-tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanning, computerized cognitive assessments, speech analysis, surveys of mood and impulsivity, and blood sampling for genotyping and exploratory biomarker studies. Statistical models will be developed and validated to predict early and progressive changes in brain structure and function. A composite fight exposure index, developed as a summary measure of cumulative traumatic exposure, shows promise as a predictor of brain volumes and cognitive function.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Alzheimer's disease</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Boxing</subject><subject>Boxing - injuries</subject><subject>Brain Injury, Chronic - diagnosis</subject><subject>Brain Injury, Chronic - etiology</subject><subject>Brain Injury, Chronic - physiopathology</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Clinical Protocols</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Martial Arts - injuries</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>Models, Statistical</subject><subject>NMR</subject><subject>Nuclear magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Occupational Injuries - diagnosis</subject><subject>Occupational Injuries - etiology</subject><subject>Occupational Injuries - physiopathology</subject><subject>Organic mental disorders. Neuropsychology</subject><subject>Psychological Tests</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Research Design</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Sample Size</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Trauma</subject><subject>Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0002-9262</issn><issn>1476-6256</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0V1LwzAUBuAgipvTG3-AFEQQoe4kaZrEG1FRJyiKH9clTVLX2bUzaZH9ezM3FbzyKhCe88I5L0K7GI4xSDpUEzt8-_AJS9dQHyc8jVPC0nXUBwASS5KSHtryfgKAsWSwiXqEcsooyD46fXBNYb0vm1pV0VX5Om6t89G5U2Udjayq2nH01HZmfhI9qvZL2UjVJrqz7bgxfhttFKrydmf1DtDL1eXzxSi-vb--uTi7jXUioI0LwXFicpErwShTXFNmoFDGMJ1zKrDVRpoc40IWQKTgjIVvjSFMJ8ZYSgfocJk7c817Z32bTUuvbVWp2jadz3BCQSxW4v-gEM4WToAD3f9DJ03nwo4LhTmTQELwAB0tlXaN984W2cyVU-XmGYZs0UAWGsiWDQS8t4rs8qk1P_T75AEcrIDyWlWFU7Uu_a_jghABgn4CcD2NHg</recordid><startdate>20130715</startdate><enddate>20130715</enddate><creator>BERNICK, Charles</creator><creator>BANKS, Sarah</creator><creator>PHILLIPS, Michael</creator><creator>LOWE, Mark</creator><creator>WANYONG SHIN</creator><creator>OBUCHOWSKI, Nancy</creator><creator>JONES, Stephen</creator><creator>MODIC, Michael</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Oxford Publishing Limited (England)</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130715</creationdate><title>Professional Fighters Brain Health Study: Rationale and Methods</title><author>BERNICK, Charles ; BANKS, Sarah ; PHILLIPS, Michael ; LOWE, Mark ; WANYONG SHIN ; OBUCHOWSKI, Nancy ; JONES, Stephen ; MODIC, Michael</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c480t-f8714db8ba8535a7c35d0fadd5cb7381ecd9db11f9f0298755b73c10c484dde33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Alzheimer's disease</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Boxing</topic><topic>Boxing - injuries</topic><topic>Brain Injury, Chronic - diagnosis</topic><topic>Brain Injury, Chronic - etiology</topic><topic>Brain Injury, Chronic - physiopathology</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Clinical Protocols</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents</topic><topic>Longitudinal Studies</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Martial Arts - injuries</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Miscellaneous</topic><topic>Models, Statistical</topic><topic>NMR</topic><topic>Nuclear magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Occupational Injuries - diagnosis</topic><topic>Occupational Injuries - etiology</topic><topic>Occupational Injuries - physiopathology</topic><topic>Organic mental disorders. Neuropsychology</topic><topic>Psychological Tests</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</topic><topic>Research Design</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Sample Size</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Trauma</topic><topic>Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>BERNICK, Charles</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BANKS, Sarah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PHILLIPS, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LOWE, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WANYONG SHIN</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>OBUCHOWSKI, Nancy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>JONES, Stephen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MODIC, Michael</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>American journal of epidemiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>BERNICK, Charles</au><au>BANKS, Sarah</au><au>PHILLIPS, Michael</au><au>LOWE, Mark</au><au>WANYONG SHIN</au><au>OBUCHOWSKI, Nancy</au><au>JONES, Stephen</au><au>MODIC, Michael</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Professional Fighters Brain Health Study: Rationale and Methods</atitle><jtitle>American journal of epidemiology</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Epidemiol</addtitle><date>2013-07-15</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>178</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>280</spage><epage>286</epage><pages>280-286</pages><issn>0002-9262</issn><eissn>1476-6256</eissn><coden>AJEPAS</coden><abstract>Repetitive head trauma is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and is the primary cause of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. However, little is known about the natural history of, and risk factors for, chronic traumatic encephalopathy or about means of early detection and intervention. The Professional Fighters Brain Health Study is a longitudinal study of active professional fighters (boxers and mixed martial artists), retired professional fighters, and controls matched for age and level of education. The main objective of the Professional Fighters Brain Health Study is to determine the relationships between measures of head trauma exposure and other potential modifiers and changes in brain imaging and neurological and behavioral function over time. The study is designed to extend over 5 years, and we anticipate enrollment of more than 400 boxers and mixed martial artists. Participants will undergo annual evaluations that include 3-tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanning, computerized cognitive assessments, speech analysis, surveys of mood and impulsivity, and blood sampling for genotyping and exploratory biomarker studies. Statistical models will be developed and validated to predict early and progressive changes in brain structure and function. A composite fight exposure index, developed as a summary measure of cumulative traumatic exposure, shows promise as a predictor of brain volumes and cognitive function.</abstract><cop>Cary, NC</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>23735309</pmid><doi>10.1093/aje/kws456</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | American journal of epidemiology, 2013-07, Vol.178 (2), p.280-286 |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Aged Aged, 80 and over Alzheimer's disease Biological and medical sciences Boxing Boxing - injuries Brain Injury, Chronic - diagnosis Brain Injury, Chronic - etiology Brain Injury, Chronic - physiopathology Case-Control Studies Clinical Protocols Epidemiology Female General aspects Humans Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents Longitudinal Studies Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Martial Arts - injuries Medical research Medical sciences Middle Aged Miscellaneous Models, Statistical NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Occupational Injuries - diagnosis Occupational Injuries - etiology Occupational Injuries - physiopathology Organic mental disorders. Neuropsychology Psychological Tests Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Research Design Risk factors Sample Size Surveys and Questionnaires Trauma Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents Young Adult |
| title | Professional Fighters Brain Health Study: Rationale and Methods |
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