Investigation of sterols as potential biomarkers for the detection of pig (S. s. domesticus ) decomposition fluid in soils
Abstract This study was carried out to evaluate the potential of using cholesterol and coprostanol, as indicators for the detection of decomposition fluid of buried pigs (S. s. domesticus ) in soils. In May 2007, four pig carcasses (∼35 kg) were buried in shallow graves (∼40 cm depth) at the Univers...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Forensic science international 2013-07, Vol.230 (1), p.68-73 |
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| creator | von der Lühe, Barbara Dawson, Lorna A Mayes, Robert W Forbes, Shari L Fiedler, Sabine |
| description | Abstract This study was carried out to evaluate the potential of using cholesterol and coprostanol, as indicators for the detection of decomposition fluid of buried pigs (S. s. domesticus ) in soils. In May 2007, four pig carcasses (∼35 kg) were buried in shallow graves (∼40 cm depth) at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology in Canada. Two pigs were exhumed after three months (Pig 1, Pig 2) and six months (Pig 3, Pig 4) post burial. Soil samples were collected beneath the pig carcasses (∼40 cm depth) and from grave walls (∼15–20 cm depth) as well as from a parallel control site. Coprostanol and cholesterol were extracted from soils, purified with solid phase extraction (SPE) and analysed with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A significant increase in cholesterol concentrations ( p < 0.05) and amounts of coprostanol were detected in soil located beneath the pig carcasses after three months of burial. It is assumed that during the putrefaction and liquefaction stages of decomposition pig fluid which contains cholesterol and coprostanol is released into the underlying soil. Therefore, cholesterol and coprostanol could be used as potential biomarkers to detect the presence of decomposition fluid three months after burial under comparable soil and environmental conditions. Further research is suggested for additional soil sampling before and after three months to investigate the abundance of these and other sterols. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.03.030 |
| format | Article |
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In May 2007, four pig carcasses (∼35 kg) were buried in shallow graves (∼40 cm depth) at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology in Canada. Two pigs were exhumed after three months (Pig 1, Pig 2) and six months (Pig 3, Pig 4) post burial. Soil samples were collected beneath the pig carcasses (∼40 cm depth) and from grave walls (∼15–20 cm depth) as well as from a parallel control site. Coprostanol and cholesterol were extracted from soils, purified with solid phase extraction (SPE) and analysed with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A significant increase in cholesterol concentrations ( p < 0.05) and amounts of coprostanol were detected in soil located beneath the pig carcasses after three months of burial. It is assumed that during the putrefaction and liquefaction stages of decomposition pig fluid which contains cholesterol and coprostanol is released into the underlying soil. Therefore, cholesterol and coprostanol could be used as potential biomarkers to detect the presence of decomposition fluid three months after burial under comparable soil and environmental conditions. Further research is suggested for additional soil sampling before and after three months to investigate the abundance of these and other sterols.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0379-0738</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-6283</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.03.030</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23583120</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ireland: Elsevier Ireland Ltd</publisher><subject>Abdomen ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; Biomarkers - analysis ; Burial ; Carcasses ; Cholestanol - analysis ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol - analysis ; Coprostanol ; Criminal investigations ; Decomposition ; Exhumation ; Fluid dynamics ; Fluid flow ; Fluids ; Forensic Anthropology ; Forensic Pathology ; Forensic sciences ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Grave markers ; Grave soil ; Human remains ; Models, Animal ; Pathology ; Pigs ; Postmortem Changes ; Sitosterols - analysis ; Soil - chemistry ; Soils ; Solid Phase Extraction ; Sterols ; Studies ; Swine ; β-sitosterol</subject><ispartof>Forensic science international, 2013-07, Vol.230 (1), p.68-73</ispartof><rights>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</rights><rights>2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Limited Jul 10, 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c487t-5c95b770cde7661ec00b846d5741153b38be34a598834142f2edfc89add292143</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c487t-5c95b770cde7661ec00b846d5741153b38be34a598834142f2edfc89add292143</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0379073813001862$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23583120$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>von der Lühe, Barbara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dawson, Lorna A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mayes, Robert W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Forbes, Shari L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fiedler, Sabine</creatorcontrib><title>Investigation of sterols as potential biomarkers for the detection of pig (S. s. domesticus ) decomposition fluid in soils</title><title>Forensic science international</title><addtitle>Forensic Sci Int</addtitle><description>Abstract This study was carried out to evaluate the potential of using cholesterol and coprostanol, as indicators for the detection of decomposition fluid of buried pigs (S. s. domesticus ) in soils. In May 2007, four pig carcasses (∼35 kg) were buried in shallow graves (∼40 cm depth) at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology in Canada. Two pigs were exhumed after three months (Pig 1, Pig 2) and six months (Pig 3, Pig 4) post burial. Soil samples were collected beneath the pig carcasses (∼40 cm depth) and from grave walls (∼15–20 cm depth) as well as from a parallel control site. Coprostanol and cholesterol were extracted from soils, purified with solid phase extraction (SPE) and analysed with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A significant increase in cholesterol concentrations ( p < 0.05) and amounts of coprostanol were detected in soil located beneath the pig carcasses after three months of burial. It is assumed that during the putrefaction and liquefaction stages of decomposition pig fluid which contains cholesterol and coprostanol is released into the underlying soil. Therefore, cholesterol and coprostanol could be used as potential biomarkers to detect the presence of decomposition fluid three months after burial under comparable soil and environmental conditions. Further research is suggested for additional soil sampling before and after three months to investigate the abundance of these and other sterols.</description><subject>Abdomen</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Biomarkers - analysis</subject><subject>Burial</subject><subject>Carcasses</subject><subject>Cholestanol - analysis</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Cholesterol - analysis</subject><subject>Coprostanol</subject><subject>Criminal investigations</subject><subject>Decomposition</subject><subject>Exhumation</subject><subject>Fluid dynamics</subject><subject>Fluid flow</subject><subject>Fluids</subject><subject>Forensic Anthropology</subject><subject>Forensic Pathology</subject><subject>Forensic sciences</subject><subject>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</subject><subject>Grave markers</subject><subject>Grave soil</subject><subject>Human remains</subject><subject>Models, Animal</subject><subject>Pathology</subject><subject>Pigs</subject><subject>Postmortem Changes</subject><subject>Sitosterols - analysis</subject><subject>Soil - chemistry</subject><subject>Soils</subject><subject>Solid Phase Extraction</subject><subject>Sterols</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Swine</subject><subject>β-sitosterol</subject><issn>0379-0738</issn><issn>1872-6283</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkkFv1DAQhS0EotvCXwBLXMohYWwnsfeCVFVQKlXiUDhbiT0p3iZxsJNK7a_H7rZF6gWkkXz53hvPvCHkPYOSAWs-7creh2icm5aSAxMl5IIXZMOU5EXDlXhJNiDktgAp1AE5jHEHAHXNm9fkgItaCcZhQ-7OpxuMi7tqF-cn6nsaFwx-iLSNdPYLTotrB9o5P7bhGkOkqTFdfiG1uKB5FM3uih5fljSW1PoxG5o10o8JMn6cfXT3YD-szlI30ejdEN-QV307RHz78B6Rn1-__Dj9Vlx8Pzs_PbkoTKXkUtRmW3dSgrEom4ahAehU1dhaVozVohOqQ1G19VYpUbGK9xxtb9S2tZZvOavEETne-87B_17T3_ToosFhaCf0a9RJk7VNo_6NCskl8FpBQj88Q3d-DVMa5J5iUEmVe8s9ZYKPMWCv5-DSJm81A52T1Dv9lKTOSWrIlf3fPfiv3Yj2SfcYXQJO9gCm3d04DDq54GTQupCC0da7_2jy-ZmHGdzkTDtc4y3GvxPpyDXoy3xQ-Z6YAGCq4eIPiJPH1g</recordid><startdate>20130710</startdate><enddate>20130710</enddate><creator>von der Lühe, Barbara</creator><creator>Dawson, Lorna A</creator><creator>Mayes, Robert W</creator><creator>Forbes, Shari L</creator><creator>Fiedler, Sabine</creator><general>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130710</creationdate><title>Investigation of sterols as potential biomarkers for the detection of pig (S. s. domesticus ) decomposition fluid in soils</title><author>von der Lühe, Barbara ; Dawson, Lorna A ; Mayes, Robert W ; Forbes, Shari L ; Fiedler, Sabine</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c487t-5c95b770cde7661ec00b846d5741153b38be34a598834142f2edfc89add292143</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Abdomen</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Biomarkers - analysis</topic><topic>Burial</topic><topic>Carcasses</topic><topic>Cholestanol - analysis</topic><topic>Cholesterol</topic><topic>Cholesterol - analysis</topic><topic>Coprostanol</topic><topic>Criminal investigations</topic><topic>Decomposition</topic><topic>Exhumation</topic><topic>Fluid dynamics</topic><topic>Fluid flow</topic><topic>Fluids</topic><topic>Forensic Anthropology</topic><topic>Forensic Pathology</topic><topic>Forensic sciences</topic><topic>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</topic><topic>Grave markers</topic><topic>Grave soil</topic><topic>Human remains</topic><topic>Models, Animal</topic><topic>Pathology</topic><topic>Pigs</topic><topic>Postmortem Changes</topic><topic>Sitosterols - analysis</topic><topic>Soil - chemistry</topic><topic>Soils</topic><topic>Solid Phase Extraction</topic><topic>Sterols</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Swine</topic><topic>β-sitosterol</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>von der Lühe, Barbara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dawson, Lorna A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mayes, Robert W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Forbes, Shari L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fiedler, Sabine</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Forensic science international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>von der Lühe, Barbara</au><au>Dawson, Lorna A</au><au>Mayes, Robert W</au><au>Forbes, Shari L</au><au>Fiedler, Sabine</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Investigation of sterols as potential biomarkers for the detection of pig (S. s. domesticus ) decomposition fluid in soils</atitle><jtitle>Forensic science international</jtitle><addtitle>Forensic Sci Int</addtitle><date>2013-07-10</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>230</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>68</spage><epage>73</epage><pages>68-73</pages><issn>0379-0738</issn><eissn>1872-6283</eissn><abstract>Abstract This study was carried out to evaluate the potential of using cholesterol and coprostanol, as indicators for the detection of decomposition fluid of buried pigs (S. s. domesticus ) in soils. In May 2007, four pig carcasses (∼35 kg) were buried in shallow graves (∼40 cm depth) at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology in Canada. Two pigs were exhumed after three months (Pig 1, Pig 2) and six months (Pig 3, Pig 4) post burial. Soil samples were collected beneath the pig carcasses (∼40 cm depth) and from grave walls (∼15–20 cm depth) as well as from a parallel control site. Coprostanol and cholesterol were extracted from soils, purified with solid phase extraction (SPE) and analysed with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A significant increase in cholesterol concentrations ( p < 0.05) and amounts of coprostanol were detected in soil located beneath the pig carcasses after three months of burial. It is assumed that during the putrefaction and liquefaction stages of decomposition pig fluid which contains cholesterol and coprostanol is released into the underlying soil. Therefore, cholesterol and coprostanol could be used as potential biomarkers to detect the presence of decomposition fluid three months after burial under comparable soil and environmental conditions. Further research is suggested for additional soil sampling before and after three months to investigate the abundance of these and other sterols.</abstract><cop>Ireland</cop><pub>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</pub><pmid>23583120</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.03.030</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Forensic science international, 2013-07, Vol.230 (1), p.68-73 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete |
| subjects | Abdomen Animals Biomarkers Biomarkers - analysis Burial Carcasses Cholestanol - analysis Cholesterol Cholesterol - analysis Coprostanol Criminal investigations Decomposition Exhumation Fluid dynamics Fluid flow Fluids Forensic Anthropology Forensic Pathology Forensic sciences Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Grave markers Grave soil Human remains Models, Animal Pathology Pigs Postmortem Changes Sitosterols - analysis Soil - chemistry Soils Solid Phase Extraction Sterols Studies Swine β-sitosterol |
| title | Investigation of sterols as potential biomarkers for the detection of pig (S. s. domesticus ) decomposition fluid in soils |
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