Anxiety and Depression Associated With Caregiver Burden in Caregivers of Stroke Survivors With Spasticity
Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship between anxiety/depression and caregiver burden in informal caregivers of stroke survivors with spasticity. Design Data were collected via online surveys from informal caregivers 18 years or older who cared for stroke survivors. Setting Internet-bas...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 2013-09, Vol.94 (9), p.1731-1736 |
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| container_title | Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation |
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| creator | Denno, Melissa S., PharmD Gillard, Patrick J., PharmD, MS Graham, Glenn D., MD DiBonaventura, Marco D., PhD Goren, Amir, PhD Varon, Sepi F., PhD Zorowitz, Richard, MD |
| description | Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship between anxiety/depression and caregiver burden in informal caregivers of stroke survivors with spasticity. Design Data were collected via online surveys from informal caregivers 18 years or older who cared for stroke survivors. Setting Internet-based survey. Participants 2007 through 2009 U.S. National Health and Wellness Survey database or Lightspeed Research general panel respondents (N=153). Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures Anxiety and depression were self-reported by the caregiver as a physician diagnosis. Depression severity was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Caregiver burden was measured by the Oberst Caregiving Burden Scale (OCBS) and the Bakas Caregiving Outcomes Scale (BCOS). Logistic regression analyses were conducted with anxiety, depression, and the PHQ-9 depression severity categories as a result of each caregiver burden scale. Results Data were analyzed for 153 informal caregivers; they were mostly women (70.6%) and white (78.4%), with a mean age of 51.6 years. For every 1-point increase in the OCBS Difficulty Scale, the odds of anxiety or depression were 2.57 times as great ( P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.apmr.2013.03.014 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1428270329</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>1_s2_0_S0003999313002748</els_id><sourcerecordid>1428270329</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-704e12c93a63f15a5345b882bdb9e48c677faad5ee3b3ab5077a07754793072b3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kU-LFDEQxYO4uLOrX8CD5Oilx_yddIMI47jqwoKHUfQW0ulqzWxP0ibpwfn2pp3dFTwIVRQp3nuQXyH0nJIlJXT1arc04z4uGaF8SUpR8QgtqOSsqhn99hgtCCG8apqGn6OLlHbluZKcPkHnjEtRSyEWyK39Lwf5iI3v8DsYI6TkgsfrlIJ1JkOHv7r8A29MhO_uABG_nWIHHjv_d5dw6PE2x3ALeDvFgzuEsvvj244mZWddPj5FZ70ZEjy7m5foy_urz5uP1c2nD9eb9U1lhZS5UkQAZbbhZsV7Ko3kQrZ1zdqubUDUdqVUb0wnAXjLTSuJUqa0FKrhRLGWX6KXp9wxhp8TpKz3LlkYBuMhTElTwWqmCGdNkbKT1MaQUoRej9HtTTxqSvSMWO_0jFjPiDUpRUUxvbjLn9o9dA-We6ZF8PokgPLLg4Ook3XgLXQugs26C-7_-W_-sdvBeWfNcAtHSLswRV_4aaoT00Rv5yPPN6acEKZEzX8D4veieQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1428270329</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Anxiety and Depression Associated With Caregiver Burden in Caregivers of Stroke Survivors With Spasticity</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><creator>Denno, Melissa S., PharmD ; Gillard, Patrick J., PharmD, MS ; Graham, Glenn D., MD ; DiBonaventura, Marco D., PhD ; Goren, Amir, PhD ; Varon, Sepi F., PhD ; Zorowitz, Richard, MD</creator><creatorcontrib>Denno, Melissa S., PharmD ; Gillard, Patrick J., PharmD, MS ; Graham, Glenn D., MD ; DiBonaventura, Marco D., PhD ; Goren, Amir, PhD ; Varon, Sepi F., PhD ; Zorowitz, Richard, MD</creatorcontrib><description>Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship between anxiety/depression and caregiver burden in informal caregivers of stroke survivors with spasticity. Design Data were collected via online surveys from informal caregivers 18 years or older who cared for stroke survivors. Setting Internet-based survey. Participants 2007 through 2009 U.S. National Health and Wellness Survey database or Lightspeed Research general panel respondents (N=153). Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures Anxiety and depression were self-reported by the caregiver as a physician diagnosis. Depression severity was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Caregiver burden was measured by the Oberst Caregiving Burden Scale (OCBS) and the Bakas Caregiving Outcomes Scale (BCOS). Logistic regression analyses were conducted with anxiety, depression, and the PHQ-9 depression severity categories as a result of each caregiver burden scale. Results Data were analyzed for 153 informal caregivers; they were mostly women (70.6%) and white (78.4%), with a mean age of 51.6 years. For every 1-point increase in the OCBS Difficulty Scale, the odds of anxiety or depression were 2.57 times as great ( P <.001) and 1.88 times as great ( P =.007), respectively. The odds of PHQ-9 severe depression versus all other categories combined were 2.48 times as great ( P <.001). For every 1-point decrease in the BCOS, the odds of anxiety or depression were 2.43 times as great ( P <.001) and 2.27 times as great ( P =.002), respectively. The odds of PHQ-9 severe depression versus all other categories combined were 4.55 times as great ( P <.001). Conclusions As caregiver burden increases, caregivers are more likely to have anxiety and depression. Depression severity also increases. Providing treatment to stroke survivors with spasticity that lessens the time and more importantly, the difficulty of caregiving may lead to a reduction in caregiver anxiety and depression.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-9993</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-821X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2013.03.014</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23548544</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adaptation, Psychological ; Anxiety ; Anxiety - epidemiology ; Caregivers ; Caregivers - psychology ; Depression ; Depression - epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle spasticity ; Muscle Spasticity - etiology ; Patient Acuity ; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation ; Quality of Life ; Rehabilitation ; Self Report ; Stroke ; Stroke - complications</subject><ispartof>Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2013-09, Vol.94 (9), p.1731-1736</ispartof><rights>American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine</rights><rights>2013 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-704e12c93a63f15a5345b882bdb9e48c677faad5ee3b3ab5077a07754793072b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-704e12c93a63f15a5345b882bdb9e48c677faad5ee3b3ab5077a07754793072b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003999313002748$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3536,27903,27904,65309</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23548544$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Denno, Melissa S., PharmD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gillard, Patrick J., PharmD, MS</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graham, Glenn D., MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DiBonaventura, Marco D., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goren, Amir, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Varon, Sepi F., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zorowitz, Richard, MD</creatorcontrib><title>Anxiety and Depression Associated With Caregiver Burden in Caregivers of Stroke Survivors With Spasticity</title><title>Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation</title><addtitle>Arch Phys Med Rehabil</addtitle><description>Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship between anxiety/depression and caregiver burden in informal caregivers of stroke survivors with spasticity. Design Data were collected via online surveys from informal caregivers 18 years or older who cared for stroke survivors. Setting Internet-based survey. Participants 2007 through 2009 U.S. National Health and Wellness Survey database or Lightspeed Research general panel respondents (N=153). Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures Anxiety and depression were self-reported by the caregiver as a physician diagnosis. Depression severity was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Caregiver burden was measured by the Oberst Caregiving Burden Scale (OCBS) and the Bakas Caregiving Outcomes Scale (BCOS). Logistic regression analyses were conducted with anxiety, depression, and the PHQ-9 depression severity categories as a result of each caregiver burden scale. Results Data were analyzed for 153 informal caregivers; they were mostly women (70.6%) and white (78.4%), with a mean age of 51.6 years. For every 1-point increase in the OCBS Difficulty Scale, the odds of anxiety or depression were 2.57 times as great ( P <.001) and 1.88 times as great ( P =.007), respectively. The odds of PHQ-9 severe depression versus all other categories combined were 2.48 times as great ( P <.001). For every 1-point decrease in the BCOS, the odds of anxiety or depression were 2.43 times as great ( P <.001) and 2.27 times as great ( P =.002), respectively. The odds of PHQ-9 severe depression versus all other categories combined were 4.55 times as great ( P <.001). Conclusions As caregiver burden increases, caregivers are more likely to have anxiety and depression. Depression severity also increases. Providing treatment to stroke survivors with spasticity that lessens the time and more importantly, the difficulty of caregiving may lead to a reduction in caregiver anxiety and depression.</description><subject>Adaptation, Psychological</subject><subject>Anxiety</subject><subject>Anxiety - epidemiology</subject><subject>Caregivers</subject><subject>Caregivers - psychology</subject><subject>Depression</subject><subject>Depression - epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Muscle spasticity</subject><subject>Muscle Spasticity - etiology</subject><subject>Patient Acuity</subject><subject>Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation</subject><subject>Quality of Life</subject><subject>Rehabilitation</subject><subject>Self Report</subject><subject>Stroke</subject><subject>Stroke - complications</subject><issn>0003-9993</issn><issn>1532-821X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU-LFDEQxYO4uLOrX8CD5Oilx_yddIMI47jqwoKHUfQW0ulqzWxP0ibpwfn2pp3dFTwIVRQp3nuQXyH0nJIlJXT1arc04z4uGaF8SUpR8QgtqOSsqhn99hgtCCG8apqGn6OLlHbluZKcPkHnjEtRSyEWyK39Lwf5iI3v8DsYI6TkgsfrlIJ1JkOHv7r8A29MhO_uABG_nWIHHjv_d5dw6PE2x3ALeDvFgzuEsvvj244mZWddPj5FZ70ZEjy7m5foy_urz5uP1c2nD9eb9U1lhZS5UkQAZbbhZsV7Ko3kQrZ1zdqubUDUdqVUb0wnAXjLTSuJUqa0FKrhRLGWX6KXp9wxhp8TpKz3LlkYBuMhTElTwWqmCGdNkbKT1MaQUoRej9HtTTxqSvSMWO_0jFjPiDUpRUUxvbjLn9o9dA-We6ZF8PokgPLLg4Ook3XgLXQugs26C-7_-W_-sdvBeWfNcAtHSLswRV_4aaoT00Rv5yPPN6acEKZEzX8D4veieQ</recordid><startdate>20130901</startdate><enddate>20130901</enddate><creator>Denno, Melissa S., PharmD</creator><creator>Gillard, Patrick J., PharmD, MS</creator><creator>Graham, Glenn D., MD</creator><creator>DiBonaventura, Marco D., PhD</creator><creator>Goren, Amir, PhD</creator><creator>Varon, Sepi F., PhD</creator><creator>Zorowitz, Richard, MD</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130901</creationdate><title>Anxiety and Depression Associated With Caregiver Burden in Caregivers of Stroke Survivors With Spasticity</title><author>Denno, Melissa S., PharmD ; Gillard, Patrick J., PharmD, MS ; Graham, Glenn D., MD ; DiBonaventura, Marco D., PhD ; Goren, Amir, PhD ; Varon, Sepi F., PhD ; Zorowitz, Richard, MD</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-704e12c93a63f15a5345b882bdb9e48c677faad5ee3b3ab5077a07754793072b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Adaptation, Psychological</topic><topic>Anxiety</topic><topic>Anxiety - epidemiology</topic><topic>Caregivers</topic><topic>Caregivers - psychology</topic><topic>Depression</topic><topic>Depression - epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Muscle spasticity</topic><topic>Muscle Spasticity - etiology</topic><topic>Patient Acuity</topic><topic>Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation</topic><topic>Quality of Life</topic><topic>Rehabilitation</topic><topic>Self Report</topic><topic>Stroke</topic><topic>Stroke - complications</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Denno, Melissa S., PharmD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gillard, Patrick J., PharmD, MS</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graham, Glenn D., MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DiBonaventura, Marco D., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goren, Amir, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Varon, Sepi F., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zorowitz, Richard, MD</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Denno, Melissa S., PharmD</au><au>Gillard, Patrick J., PharmD, MS</au><au>Graham, Glenn D., MD</au><au>DiBonaventura, Marco D., PhD</au><au>Goren, Amir, PhD</au><au>Varon, Sepi F., PhD</au><au>Zorowitz, Richard, MD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Anxiety and Depression Associated With Caregiver Burden in Caregivers of Stroke Survivors With Spasticity</atitle><jtitle>Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation</jtitle><addtitle>Arch Phys Med Rehabil</addtitle><date>2013-09-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>94</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>1731</spage><epage>1736</epage><pages>1731-1736</pages><issn>0003-9993</issn><eissn>1532-821X</eissn><abstract>Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship between anxiety/depression and caregiver burden in informal caregivers of stroke survivors with spasticity. Design Data were collected via online surveys from informal caregivers 18 years or older who cared for stroke survivors. Setting Internet-based survey. Participants 2007 through 2009 U.S. National Health and Wellness Survey database or Lightspeed Research general panel respondents (N=153). Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures Anxiety and depression were self-reported by the caregiver as a physician diagnosis. Depression severity was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Caregiver burden was measured by the Oberst Caregiving Burden Scale (OCBS) and the Bakas Caregiving Outcomes Scale (BCOS). Logistic regression analyses were conducted with anxiety, depression, and the PHQ-9 depression severity categories as a result of each caregiver burden scale. Results Data were analyzed for 153 informal caregivers; they were mostly women (70.6%) and white (78.4%), with a mean age of 51.6 years. For every 1-point increase in the OCBS Difficulty Scale, the odds of anxiety or depression were 2.57 times as great ( P <.001) and 1.88 times as great ( P =.007), respectively. The odds of PHQ-9 severe depression versus all other categories combined were 2.48 times as great ( P <.001). For every 1-point decrease in the BCOS, the odds of anxiety or depression were 2.43 times as great ( P <.001) and 2.27 times as great ( P =.002), respectively. The odds of PHQ-9 severe depression versus all other categories combined were 4.55 times as great ( P <.001). Conclusions As caregiver burden increases, caregivers are more likely to have anxiety and depression. Depression severity also increases. Providing treatment to stroke survivors with spasticity that lessens the time and more importantly, the difficulty of caregiving may lead to a reduction in caregiver anxiety and depression.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>23548544</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.apmr.2013.03.014</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adaptation, Psychological Anxiety Anxiety - epidemiology Caregivers Caregivers - psychology Depression Depression - epidemiology Female Humans Male Middle Aged Muscle spasticity Muscle Spasticity - etiology Patient Acuity Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Quality of Life Rehabilitation Self Report Stroke Stroke - complications |
| title | Anxiety and Depression Associated With Caregiver Burden in Caregivers of Stroke Survivors With Spasticity |
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