Serum levels of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone in female rats experimentally infected by Trypanosoma evansi
•Trypanosoma evansi is a hemoparasite of domestic and wild animals.•The abortion caused by T. evansi was described in several species.•Cause disease in rats reduction in the levels of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone.•Increased biomarkers of the cell lesion in ovary: NOx, TBARS and AOPP.•T. evans...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Experimental parasitology 2013-09, Vol.135 (1), p.110-115 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 115 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 1 |
| container_start_page | 110 |
| container_title | Experimental parasitology |
| container_volume | 135 |
| creator | Faccio, Luciana Da Silva, Aleksandro S. Tonin, Alexandre A. França, Raqueli T. Gressler, Lucas T. Copetti, Maíra M. Oliveira, Camila B. Sangoi, Manuela B. Moresco, Rafael N. Bottari, Nathieli B. Duarte, Marta M.M.F. Monteiro, Silvia G. |
| description | •Trypanosoma evansi is a hemoparasite of domestic and wild animals.•The abortion caused by T. evansi was described in several species.•Cause disease in rats reduction in the levels of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone.•Increased biomarkers of the cell lesion in ovary: NOx, TBARS and AOPP.•T. evansi may is contributing to infertility in infected animals.
The goal of this study was to evaluate reproductive hormones in sera samples of female rats experimentally infected by Trypanosoma evansi during different phases of the estrous cycle. For that, 64 animals were divided into two groups: 24 rats for the control group (uninfected), and 40 animals were infected by T. evansi. These groups were divided into subgroups according to the time of infection (days 5 and 15 post-infection; PI) and the phase of the estrous cycle (proestrus, estrus, metestrus and diestrus). Serum was collected at days 5 and 15 PI and the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone and estradiol were assessed by enzyme immunoassay technique. The concentration of nitrite/nitrate (NOx), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were measured in ovaries and uteruses in these same periods. Infected females showed significant decrease (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.exppara.2013.06.008 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1426750933</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0014489413001665</els_id><sourcerecordid>1426750933</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c389t-4d7a92c259e1ff45e5a21253633186af48b26bd797cf0c9b7968168ea18090203</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkU1v1DAQhi0EokvhJwA-ciDBX3HiE0IVpUgrcdj2bE2SceWVEwc7u2L_PS67cOViS_Yz43ceE_KWs5ozrj_ta_y1LJCgFozLmumase4Z2XBmWCWUMs_JhjGuKtUZdUVe5bxnheBCvSRXQnZcayU2ZNlhOkw04BFDptHR7d1HersrC-Y1wehjoDCPdEnxsZxgijNSP1OHEwSkCdZMSxBMfsJ5hRBO5dbhsOJI-xO9T6cF5pjjBBSPMGf_mrxwEDK-uezX5OH26_3NXbX98e37zZdtNcjOrJUaWzBiEI1B7pxqsAHBRSO1lLzT4FTXC92PrWkHxwbTt0aXkToE3hUBgslr8uHctyT_eSjR7eTzgCHAjPGQLVdCtw0zUha0OaNDijkndHYp40A6Wc7sk2y7txfZ9km2ZdoWlaXu3eWJQz_h-K_qr90CvD8DDqKFx-SzfdiVDk35mFaaPyk_n4liH48ek82Dx3nA0aci0Y7R_yfEb8b3nC4</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1426750933</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Serum levels of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone in female rats experimentally infected by Trypanosoma evansi</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><creator>Faccio, Luciana ; Da Silva, Aleksandro S. ; Tonin, Alexandre A. ; França, Raqueli T. ; Gressler, Lucas T. ; Copetti, Maíra M. ; Oliveira, Camila B. ; Sangoi, Manuela B. ; Moresco, Rafael N. ; Bottari, Nathieli B. ; Duarte, Marta M.M.F. ; Monteiro, Silvia G.</creator><creatorcontrib>Faccio, Luciana ; Da Silva, Aleksandro S. ; Tonin, Alexandre A. ; França, Raqueli T. ; Gressler, Lucas T. ; Copetti, Maíra M. ; Oliveira, Camila B. ; Sangoi, Manuela B. ; Moresco, Rafael N. ; Bottari, Nathieli B. ; Duarte, Marta M.M.F. ; Monteiro, Silvia G.</creatorcontrib><description>•Trypanosoma evansi is a hemoparasite of domestic and wild animals.•The abortion caused by T. evansi was described in several species.•Cause disease in rats reduction in the levels of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone.•Increased biomarkers of the cell lesion in ovary: NOx, TBARS and AOPP.•T. evansi may is contributing to infertility in infected animals.
The goal of this study was to evaluate reproductive hormones in sera samples of female rats experimentally infected by Trypanosoma evansi during different phases of the estrous cycle. For that, 64 animals were divided into two groups: 24 rats for the control group (uninfected), and 40 animals were infected by T. evansi. These groups were divided into subgroups according to the time of infection (days 5 and 15 post-infection; PI) and the phase of the estrous cycle (proestrus, estrus, metestrus and diestrus). Serum was collected at days 5 and 15 PI and the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone and estradiol were assessed by enzyme immunoassay technique. The concentration of nitrite/nitrate (NOx), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were measured in ovaries and uteruses in these same periods. Infected females showed significant decrease (P<0.05) of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone in different periods and phases of the estrous cycle when compared to uninfected rats. In addition, it was observed an increase in the concentration of NOx, AOPP, and TBARS in the ovaries, which is indicative of cell damage. Therefore, our experimental study showed that T. evansi infection in female rats may cause changes in LH, FSH, estradiol, and progesterone levels regardless of the time of infection or phase of the estrous cycle.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0014-4894</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1090-2449</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2013.06.008</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23816642</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>advanced oxidation protein products ; Advanced Oxidation Protein Products - analysis ; Animals ; Biomarkers - analysis ; blood serum ; diestrus ; Dogs ; enzyme immunoassays ; estradiol ; Estradiol - blood ; Estrous Cycle - blood ; estrus ; Female ; Females ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone - blood ; follicle-stimulating hormone ; Hormones ; luteinizing hormone ; Luteinizing Hormone - blood ; metestrus ; nitrates ; Nitrates - analysis ; nitrites ; Nitrites - analysis ; Ovary - chemistry ; Ovary - pathology ; Parasitemia - blood ; parasitology ; proestrus ; progesterone ; Progesterone - blood ; Protozoa ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Rattus norvegicus ; Reproduction ; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - analysis ; thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances ; Trypanosoma evansi ; Trypanosomiasis - blood ; Uterus - chemistry ; Uterus - pathology</subject><ispartof>Experimental parasitology, 2013-09, Vol.135 (1), p.110-115</ispartof><rights>2013 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c389t-4d7a92c259e1ff45e5a21253633186af48b26bd797cf0c9b7968168ea18090203</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c389t-4d7a92c259e1ff45e5a21253633186af48b26bd797cf0c9b7968168ea18090203</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014489413001665$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23816642$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Faccio, Luciana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Da Silva, Aleksandro S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tonin, Alexandre A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>França, Raqueli T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gressler, Lucas T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Copetti, Maíra M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oliveira, Camila B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sangoi, Manuela B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moresco, Rafael N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bottari, Nathieli B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duarte, Marta M.M.F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Monteiro, Silvia G.</creatorcontrib><title>Serum levels of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone in female rats experimentally infected by Trypanosoma evansi</title><title>Experimental parasitology</title><addtitle>Exp Parasitol</addtitle><description>•Trypanosoma evansi is a hemoparasite of domestic and wild animals.•The abortion caused by T. evansi was described in several species.•Cause disease in rats reduction in the levels of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone.•Increased biomarkers of the cell lesion in ovary: NOx, TBARS and AOPP.•T. evansi may is contributing to infertility in infected animals.
The goal of this study was to evaluate reproductive hormones in sera samples of female rats experimentally infected by Trypanosoma evansi during different phases of the estrous cycle. For that, 64 animals were divided into two groups: 24 rats for the control group (uninfected), and 40 animals were infected by T. evansi. These groups were divided into subgroups according to the time of infection (days 5 and 15 post-infection; PI) and the phase of the estrous cycle (proestrus, estrus, metestrus and diestrus). Serum was collected at days 5 and 15 PI and the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone and estradiol were assessed by enzyme immunoassay technique. The concentration of nitrite/nitrate (NOx), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were measured in ovaries and uteruses in these same periods. Infected females showed significant decrease (P<0.05) of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone in different periods and phases of the estrous cycle when compared to uninfected rats. In addition, it was observed an increase in the concentration of NOx, AOPP, and TBARS in the ovaries, which is indicative of cell damage. Therefore, our experimental study showed that T. evansi infection in female rats may cause changes in LH, FSH, estradiol, and progesterone levels regardless of the time of infection or phase of the estrous cycle.</description><subject>advanced oxidation protein products</subject><subject>Advanced Oxidation Protein Products - analysis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biomarkers - analysis</subject><subject>blood serum</subject><subject>diestrus</subject><subject>Dogs</subject><subject>enzyme immunoassays</subject><subject>estradiol</subject><subject>Estradiol - blood</subject><subject>Estrous Cycle - blood</subject><subject>estrus</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Follicle Stimulating Hormone - blood</subject><subject>follicle-stimulating hormone</subject><subject>Hormones</subject><subject>luteinizing hormone</subject><subject>Luteinizing Hormone - blood</subject><subject>metestrus</subject><subject>nitrates</subject><subject>Nitrates - analysis</subject><subject>nitrites</subject><subject>Nitrites - analysis</subject><subject>Ovary - chemistry</subject><subject>Ovary - pathology</subject><subject>Parasitemia - blood</subject><subject>parasitology</subject><subject>proestrus</subject><subject>progesterone</subject><subject>Progesterone - blood</subject><subject>Protozoa</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Wistar</subject><subject>Rattus norvegicus</subject><subject>Reproduction</subject><subject>Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - analysis</subject><subject>thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances</subject><subject>Trypanosoma evansi</subject><subject>Trypanosomiasis - blood</subject><subject>Uterus - chemistry</subject><subject>Uterus - pathology</subject><issn>0014-4894</issn><issn>1090-2449</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU1v1DAQhi0EokvhJwA-ciDBX3HiE0IVpUgrcdj2bE2SceWVEwc7u2L_PS67cOViS_Yz43ceE_KWs5ozrj_ta_y1LJCgFozLmumase4Z2XBmWCWUMs_JhjGuKtUZdUVe5bxnheBCvSRXQnZcayU2ZNlhOkw04BFDptHR7d1HersrC-Y1wehjoDCPdEnxsZxgijNSP1OHEwSkCdZMSxBMfsJ5hRBO5dbhsOJI-xO9T6cF5pjjBBSPMGf_mrxwEDK-uezX5OH26_3NXbX98e37zZdtNcjOrJUaWzBiEI1B7pxqsAHBRSO1lLzT4FTXC92PrWkHxwbTt0aXkToE3hUBgslr8uHctyT_eSjR7eTzgCHAjPGQLVdCtw0zUha0OaNDijkndHYp40A6Wc7sk2y7txfZ9km2ZdoWlaXu3eWJQz_h-K_qr90CvD8DDqKFx-SzfdiVDk35mFaaPyk_n4liH48ek82Dx3nA0aci0Y7R_yfEb8b3nC4</recordid><startdate>20130901</startdate><enddate>20130901</enddate><creator>Faccio, Luciana</creator><creator>Da Silva, Aleksandro S.</creator><creator>Tonin, Alexandre A.</creator><creator>França, Raqueli T.</creator><creator>Gressler, Lucas T.</creator><creator>Copetti, Maíra M.</creator><creator>Oliveira, Camila B.</creator><creator>Sangoi, Manuela B.</creator><creator>Moresco, Rafael N.</creator><creator>Bottari, Nathieli B.</creator><creator>Duarte, Marta M.M.F.</creator><creator>Monteiro, Silvia G.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130901</creationdate><title>Serum levels of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone in female rats experimentally infected by Trypanosoma evansi</title><author>Faccio, Luciana ; Da Silva, Aleksandro S. ; Tonin, Alexandre A. ; França, Raqueli T. ; Gressler, Lucas T. ; Copetti, Maíra M. ; Oliveira, Camila B. ; Sangoi, Manuela B. ; Moresco, Rafael N. ; Bottari, Nathieli B. ; Duarte, Marta M.M.F. ; Monteiro, Silvia G.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c389t-4d7a92c259e1ff45e5a21253633186af48b26bd797cf0c9b7968168ea18090203</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>advanced oxidation protein products</topic><topic>Advanced Oxidation Protein Products - analysis</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biomarkers - analysis</topic><topic>blood serum</topic><topic>diestrus</topic><topic>Dogs</topic><topic>enzyme immunoassays</topic><topic>estradiol</topic><topic>Estradiol - blood</topic><topic>Estrous Cycle - blood</topic><topic>estrus</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Females</topic><topic>Follicle Stimulating Hormone - blood</topic><topic>follicle-stimulating hormone</topic><topic>Hormones</topic><topic>luteinizing hormone</topic><topic>Luteinizing Hormone - blood</topic><topic>metestrus</topic><topic>nitrates</topic><topic>Nitrates - analysis</topic><topic>nitrites</topic><topic>Nitrites - analysis</topic><topic>Ovary - chemistry</topic><topic>Ovary - pathology</topic><topic>Parasitemia - blood</topic><topic>parasitology</topic><topic>proestrus</topic><topic>progesterone</topic><topic>Progesterone - blood</topic><topic>Protozoa</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Wistar</topic><topic>Rattus norvegicus</topic><topic>Reproduction</topic><topic>Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - analysis</topic><topic>thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances</topic><topic>Trypanosoma evansi</topic><topic>Trypanosomiasis - blood</topic><topic>Uterus - chemistry</topic><topic>Uterus - pathology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Faccio, Luciana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Da Silva, Aleksandro S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tonin, Alexandre A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>França, Raqueli T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gressler, Lucas T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Copetti, Maíra M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oliveira, Camila B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sangoi, Manuela B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moresco, Rafael N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bottari, Nathieli B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duarte, Marta M.M.F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Monteiro, Silvia G.</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Experimental parasitology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Faccio, Luciana</au><au>Da Silva, Aleksandro S.</au><au>Tonin, Alexandre A.</au><au>França, Raqueli T.</au><au>Gressler, Lucas T.</au><au>Copetti, Maíra M.</au><au>Oliveira, Camila B.</au><au>Sangoi, Manuela B.</au><au>Moresco, Rafael N.</au><au>Bottari, Nathieli B.</au><au>Duarte, Marta M.M.F.</au><au>Monteiro, Silvia G.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Serum levels of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone in female rats experimentally infected by Trypanosoma evansi</atitle><jtitle>Experimental parasitology</jtitle><addtitle>Exp Parasitol</addtitle><date>2013-09-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>135</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>110</spage><epage>115</epage><pages>110-115</pages><issn>0014-4894</issn><eissn>1090-2449</eissn><abstract>•Trypanosoma evansi is a hemoparasite of domestic and wild animals.•The abortion caused by T. evansi was described in several species.•Cause disease in rats reduction in the levels of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone.•Increased biomarkers of the cell lesion in ovary: NOx, TBARS and AOPP.•T. evansi may is contributing to infertility in infected animals.
The goal of this study was to evaluate reproductive hormones in sera samples of female rats experimentally infected by Trypanosoma evansi during different phases of the estrous cycle. For that, 64 animals were divided into two groups: 24 rats for the control group (uninfected), and 40 animals were infected by T. evansi. These groups were divided into subgroups according to the time of infection (days 5 and 15 post-infection; PI) and the phase of the estrous cycle (proestrus, estrus, metestrus and diestrus). Serum was collected at days 5 and 15 PI and the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone and estradiol were assessed by enzyme immunoassay technique. The concentration of nitrite/nitrate (NOx), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were measured in ovaries and uteruses in these same periods. Infected females showed significant decrease (P<0.05) of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone in different periods and phases of the estrous cycle when compared to uninfected rats. In addition, it was observed an increase in the concentration of NOx, AOPP, and TBARS in the ovaries, which is indicative of cell damage. Therefore, our experimental study showed that T. evansi infection in female rats may cause changes in LH, FSH, estradiol, and progesterone levels regardless of the time of infection or phase of the estrous cycle.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>23816642</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.exppara.2013.06.008</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0014-4894 |
| ispartof | Experimental parasitology, 2013-09, Vol.135 (1), p.110-115 |
| issn | 0014-4894 1090-2449 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1426750933 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | advanced oxidation protein products Advanced Oxidation Protein Products - analysis Animals Biomarkers - analysis blood serum diestrus Dogs enzyme immunoassays estradiol Estradiol - blood Estrous Cycle - blood estrus Female Females Follicle Stimulating Hormone - blood follicle-stimulating hormone Hormones luteinizing hormone Luteinizing Hormone - blood metestrus nitrates Nitrates - analysis nitrites Nitrites - analysis Ovary - chemistry Ovary - pathology Parasitemia - blood parasitology proestrus progesterone Progesterone - blood Protozoa Rats Rats, Wistar Rattus norvegicus Reproduction Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - analysis thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances Trypanosoma evansi Trypanosomiasis - blood Uterus - chemistry Uterus - pathology |
| title | Serum levels of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone in female rats experimentally infected by Trypanosoma evansi |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-07T19%3A20%3A44IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Serum%20levels%20of%20LH,%20FSH,%20estradiol%20and%20progesterone%20in%20female%20rats%20experimentally%20infected%20by%20Trypanosoma%20evansi&rft.jtitle=Experimental%20parasitology&rft.au=Faccio,%20Luciana&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=110&rft.epage=115&rft.pages=110-115&rft.issn=0014-4894&rft.eissn=1090-2449&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.exppara.2013.06.008&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E1426750933%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1426750933&rft_id=info:pmid/23816642&rft_els_id=S0014489413001665&rfr_iscdi=true |