First reported case in the UK of acute prolonged neuropsychiatric toxicity associated with analytically confirmed recreational use of phenazepam
Purpose There is increasing evidence from around Europe of the availability and misuse of long-acting benzodiazepines such as phenazepam. There is little information on the acute toxicity of these compounds; we describe here a case of analytically confirmed phenazepam-related acute toxicity. Case Re...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of clinical pharmacology 2013-03, Vol.69 (3), p.361-363 |
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| container_title | European journal of clinical pharmacology |
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| creator | Dargan, Paul I. Davies, Susannah Puchnarewicz, Malgorzata Johnston, Atholl Wood, David M. |
| description | Purpose
There is increasing evidence from around Europe of the availability and misuse of long-acting benzodiazepines such as phenazepam. There is little information on the acute toxicity of these compounds; we describe here a case of analytically confirmed phenazepam-related acute toxicity.
Case Report
A 42-year-old man with no previous medical or psychiatric history was brought to the Emergency Department by his friends because he had developed prolonged ongoing confusion and disorientation following use of up to three different “legal high” powders. There was no obvious medical cause for this acute confusion and disorientation. His symptoms continued for approximately 60 h after suspected use. Subsequent toxicological analysis of a serum sample confirmed use of phenazepam (concentration 0.49 mg/L); no other drugs were detected during an extensive analytical screening.
Conclusion
This is the second case of analytically confirmed acute toxicity related to phenazepam in Europe. This adds to the scant published information on the acute toxicity of this drug, and will provide healthcare and legislative authorities with further information on which to base advice and consideration of the need for its control. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00228-012-1361-z |
| format | Article |
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There is increasing evidence from around Europe of the availability and misuse of long-acting benzodiazepines such as phenazepam. There is little information on the acute toxicity of these compounds; we describe here a case of analytically confirmed phenazepam-related acute toxicity.
Case Report
A 42-year-old man with no previous medical or psychiatric history was brought to the Emergency Department by his friends because he had developed prolonged ongoing confusion and disorientation following use of up to three different “legal high” powders. There was no obvious medical cause for this acute confusion and disorientation. His symptoms continued for approximately 60 h after suspected use. Subsequent toxicological analysis of a serum sample confirmed use of phenazepam (concentration 0.49 mg/L); no other drugs were detected during an extensive analytical screening.
Conclusion
This is the second case of analytically confirmed acute toxicity related to phenazepam in Europe. This adds to the scant published information on the acute toxicity of this drug, and will provide healthcare and legislative authorities with further information on which to base advice and consideration of the need for its control.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0031-6970</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1041</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00228-012-1361-z</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22843017</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>Acute Disease ; Administration, Inhalation ; Adult ; Benzodiazepines - adverse effects ; Benzodiazepines - blood ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Confusion - chemically induced ; Drug use ; Humans ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Neuropsychology ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes - diagnosis ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes - etiology ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes - psychology ; Pharmacodynamics ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; Pharmacology/Toxicology ; Powders ; Psychiatry ; Street Drugs - adverse effects ; Street Drugs - blood ; Substance Abuse Detection ; Substance-Related Disorders - complications ; Time Factors ; Toxicity ; United Kingdom</subject><ispartof>European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2013-03, Vol.69 (3), p.361-363</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag 2012</rights><rights>2014 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c435t-aa21d535554370ca98bc128fe017fb8ecbe0997f3c644a15c20d029296c187453</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c435t-aa21d535554370ca98bc128fe017fb8ecbe0997f3c644a15c20d029296c187453</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00228-012-1361-z$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00228-012-1361-z$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=27579727$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22843017$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Dargan, Paul I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davies, Susannah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Puchnarewicz, Malgorzata</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnston, Atholl</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wood, David M.</creatorcontrib><title>First reported case in the UK of acute prolonged neuropsychiatric toxicity associated with analytically confirmed recreational use of phenazepam</title><title>European journal of clinical pharmacology</title><addtitle>Eur J Clin Pharmacol</addtitle><addtitle>Eur J Clin Pharmacol</addtitle><description>Purpose
There is increasing evidence from around Europe of the availability and misuse of long-acting benzodiazepines such as phenazepam. There is little information on the acute toxicity of these compounds; we describe here a case of analytically confirmed phenazepam-related acute toxicity.
Case Report
A 42-year-old man with no previous medical or psychiatric history was brought to the Emergency Department by his friends because he had developed prolonged ongoing confusion and disorientation following use of up to three different “legal high” powders. There was no obvious medical cause for this acute confusion and disorientation. His symptoms continued for approximately 60 h after suspected use. Subsequent toxicological analysis of a serum sample confirmed use of phenazepam (concentration 0.49 mg/L); no other drugs were detected during an extensive analytical screening.
Conclusion
This is the second case of analytically confirmed acute toxicity related to phenazepam in Europe. This adds to the scant published information on the acute toxicity of this drug, and will provide healthcare and legislative authorities with further information on which to base advice and consideration of the need for its control.</description><subject>Acute Disease</subject><subject>Administration, Inhalation</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Benzodiazepines - adverse effects</subject><subject>Benzodiazepines - blood</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Confusion - chemically induced</subject><subject>Drug use</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Neuropsychology</subject><subject>Neurotoxicity Syndromes - diagnosis</subject><subject>Neurotoxicity Syndromes - etiology</subject><subject>Neurotoxicity Syndromes - psychology</subject><subject>Pharmacodynamics</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>Pharmacology/Toxicology</subject><subject>Powders</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Street Drugs - adverse effects</subject><subject>Street Drugs - blood</subject><subject>Substance Abuse Detection</subject><subject>Substance-Related Disorders - complications</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>United Kingdom</subject><issn>0031-6970</issn><issn>1432-1041</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kU1v1DAQhi0EokvhB3BBlhASl5TxV5wcUUUBtRIXeo5mvQ7rKhsH2xFkfwU_mVnt8qFKPVnjeWbemXkZeyngQgDYdxlAyqYCISuhalHtH7GV0Ioi0OIxWwEoUdWthTP2LOc7AGFaUE_ZGVVpBcKu2K-rkHLhyU8xFb_hDrPnYeRl6_ntNY89RzcXz6cUhzh-I2L0c4pTXtw2YEnB8RJ_BhfKwjHn6OiToB-hbDmOOCwlOByGhbs49iHtKJe8Sx5LiJTmM8mRyLT1I-79hLvn7EmPQ_YvTu85u7368PXyU3Xz5ePny_c3ldPKlApRio1RxhitLDhsm7UTsuk9bdWvG-_WHtrW9srVWqMwTsIGZCvb2onGaqPO2dtjX9rs--xz6XYhOz8MOPo4505o0Soraw2Evr6H3sU50fREycYqoy0cGooj5VLMOfm-m1LYYVo6Ad3Bru5oV0d2dQe7uj3VvDp1ntd0mr8Vf_wh4M0JwEx37BOOLuR_nDW2tfLAySOXKUU2pf9GfFD9N8vNr2A</recordid><startdate>20130301</startdate><enddate>20130301</enddate><creator>Dargan, Paul I.</creator><creator>Davies, Susannah</creator><creator>Puchnarewicz, Malgorzata</creator><creator>Johnston, Atholl</creator><creator>Wood, David M.</creator><general>Springer-Verlag</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PHGZM</scope><scope>PHGZT</scope><scope>PJZUB</scope><scope>PKEHL</scope><scope>PPXIY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130301</creationdate><title>First reported case in the UK of acute prolonged neuropsychiatric toxicity associated with analytically confirmed recreational use of phenazepam</title><author>Dargan, Paul I. ; Davies, Susannah ; Puchnarewicz, Malgorzata ; Johnston, Atholl ; Wood, David M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c435t-aa21d535554370ca98bc128fe017fb8ecbe0997f3c644a15c20d029296c187453</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Acute Disease</topic><topic>Administration, Inhalation</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Benzodiazepines - adverse effects</topic><topic>Benzodiazepines - blood</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Confusion - chemically induced</topic><topic>Drug use</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Neuropsychology</topic><topic>Neurotoxicity Syndromes - diagnosis</topic><topic>Neurotoxicity Syndromes - etiology</topic><topic>Neurotoxicity Syndromes - psychology</topic><topic>Pharmacodynamics</topic><topic>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</topic><topic>Pharmacology/Toxicology</topic><topic>Powders</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Street Drugs - adverse effects</topic><topic>Street Drugs - blood</topic><topic>Substance Abuse Detection</topic><topic>Substance-Related Disorders - complications</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>United Kingdom</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Dargan, Paul I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davies, Susannah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Puchnarewicz, Malgorzata</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnston, Atholl</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wood, David M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Health & Nursing</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>European journal of clinical pharmacology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Dargan, Paul I.</au><au>Davies, Susannah</au><au>Puchnarewicz, Malgorzata</au><au>Johnston, Atholl</au><au>Wood, David M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>First reported case in the UK of acute prolonged neuropsychiatric toxicity associated with analytically confirmed recreational use of phenazepam</atitle><jtitle>European journal of clinical pharmacology</jtitle><stitle>Eur J Clin Pharmacol</stitle><addtitle>Eur J Clin Pharmacol</addtitle><date>2013-03-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>69</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>361</spage><epage>363</epage><pages>361-363</pages><issn>0031-6970</issn><eissn>1432-1041</eissn><abstract>Purpose
There is increasing evidence from around Europe of the availability and misuse of long-acting benzodiazepines such as phenazepam. There is little information on the acute toxicity of these compounds; we describe here a case of analytically confirmed phenazepam-related acute toxicity.
Case Report
A 42-year-old man with no previous medical or psychiatric history was brought to the Emergency Department by his friends because he had developed prolonged ongoing confusion and disorientation following use of up to three different “legal high” powders. There was no obvious medical cause for this acute confusion and disorientation. His symptoms continued for approximately 60 h after suspected use. Subsequent toxicological analysis of a serum sample confirmed use of phenazepam (concentration 0.49 mg/L); no other drugs were detected during an extensive analytical screening.
Conclusion
This is the second case of analytically confirmed acute toxicity related to phenazepam in Europe. This adds to the scant published information on the acute toxicity of this drug, and will provide healthcare and legislative authorities with further information on which to base advice and consideration of the need for its control.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer-Verlag</pub><pmid>22843017</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00228-012-1361-z</doi><tpages>3</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2013-03, Vol.69 (3), p.361-363 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals |
| subjects | Acute Disease Administration, Inhalation Adult Benzodiazepines - adverse effects Benzodiazepines - blood Biological and medical sciences Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Confusion - chemically induced Drug use Humans Male Medical sciences Neuropsychology Neurotoxicity Syndromes - diagnosis Neurotoxicity Syndromes - etiology Neurotoxicity Syndromes - psychology Pharmacodynamics Pharmacology. Drug treatments Pharmacology/Toxicology Powders Psychiatry Street Drugs - adverse effects Street Drugs - blood Substance Abuse Detection Substance-Related Disorders - complications Time Factors Toxicity United Kingdom |
| title | First reported case in the UK of acute prolonged neuropsychiatric toxicity associated with analytically confirmed recreational use of phenazepam |
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