Occupational exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation and cataract development: a systematic literature review and perspectives on future studies
Ionizing radiation is a well-known but little understood risk factor for lens opacities. Until recently, cataract development was considered to be a deterministic effect occurring at lens doses exceeding a threshold of 5–8 Gy. Substantial uncertainty about the level and the existence of a threshold...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Radiation and environmental biophysics 2013-08, Vol.52 (3), p.303-319 |
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| creator | Hammer, Gaël P. Scheidemann-Wesp, Ulrike Samkange-Zeeb, Florence Wicke, Henryk Neriishi, Kazuo Blettner, Maria |
| description | Ionizing radiation is a well-known but little understood risk factor for lens opacities. Until recently, cataract development was considered to be a deterministic effect occurring at lens doses exceeding a threshold of 5–8 Gy. Substantial uncertainty about the level and the existence of a threshold subsists. The International Commission on Radiation Protection recently revised it to 0.5 Gy. Based on a systematic literature review of epidemiological studies on exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation and the occurrence of lens opacities, a list of criteria for new epidemiological studies was compiled, and a list of potential study populations was reviewed. Among 24 publications finally identified, six report analyses of acute exposures in atomic bomb survivors and Chernobyl liquidators, and the others report analyses of protracted exposures in occupationally, medically or accidentally exposed populations. Three studies investigated a dose threshold: in atomic bomb survivors, the best estimates were 1 Sv (95 % CI |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00411-013-0477-6 |
| format | Article |
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Until recently, cataract development was considered to be a deterministic effect occurring at lens doses exceeding a threshold of 5–8 Gy. Substantial uncertainty about the level and the existence of a threshold subsists. The International Commission on Radiation Protection recently revised it to 0.5 Gy. Based on a systematic literature review of epidemiological studies on exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation and the occurrence of lens opacities, a list of criteria for new epidemiological studies was compiled, and a list of potential study populations was reviewed. Among 24 publications finally identified, six report analyses of acute exposures in atomic bomb survivors and Chernobyl liquidators, and the others report analyses of protracted exposures in occupationally, medically or accidentally exposed populations. Three studies investigated a dose threshold: in atomic bomb survivors, the best estimates were 1 Sv (95 % CI <0–0.8 Sv) regarding lensectomies; in survivors exposed as children, 0.6 Sv (90 % CI <0.0–1.2 Sv) for cortical cataract prevalence and 0.7 Sv (90 % CI 0.0–2.8 Sv) for posterior subcapsular cataract; and in Chernobyl liquidators, 0.34 Sv (95 % CI 0.19–0.68 Sv) for stage 1 cataract. Current studies are heterogeneous and inconclusive regarding the dose–response relationship. Protracted exposures and high lens doses occur in several occupational groups, for instance, in physicians performing fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures, and in accidentally exposed populations. New studies with a good retrospective exposure assessment are feasible and should be initiated.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0301-634X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-2099</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00411-013-0477-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23807741</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Atomic bombs ; Biological and Medical Physics ; Biophysics ; Cataract - epidemiology ; Cataract - etiology ; Ecosystems ; Effects of Radiation/Radiation Protection ; Environmental Physics ; Humans ; Ionizing radiation ; Literature reviews ; Monitoring/Environmental Analysis ; Nuclear weapons ; Occupational exposure ; Occupational Exposure - adverse effects ; Occupational safety ; Physics ; Physics and Astronomy ; Radiation ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Injuries - epidemiology ; Radiation Injuries - etiology ; Radiation protection ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Review Article ; Risk factors ; Systematic review</subject><ispartof>Radiation and environmental biophysics, 2013-08, Vol.52 (3), p.303-319</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-4a9529f36b9dbcd90e200f3ba29c2917d230635c7dbb13ffcf3d8165ff64aeac3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-4a9529f36b9dbcd90e200f3ba29c2917d230635c7dbb13ffcf3d8165ff64aeac3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00411-013-0477-6$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00411-013-0477-6$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23807741$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hammer, Gaël P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scheidemann-Wesp, Ulrike</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Samkange-Zeeb, Florence</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wicke, Henryk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neriishi, Kazuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blettner, Maria</creatorcontrib><title>Occupational exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation and cataract development: a systematic literature review and perspectives on future studies</title><title>Radiation and environmental biophysics</title><addtitle>Radiat Environ Biophys</addtitle><addtitle>Radiat Environ Biophys</addtitle><description>Ionizing radiation is a well-known but little understood risk factor for lens opacities. Until recently, cataract development was considered to be a deterministic effect occurring at lens doses exceeding a threshold of 5–8 Gy. Substantial uncertainty about the level and the existence of a threshold subsists. The International Commission on Radiation Protection recently revised it to 0.5 Gy. Based on a systematic literature review of epidemiological studies on exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation and the occurrence of lens opacities, a list of criteria for new epidemiological studies was compiled, and a list of potential study populations was reviewed. Among 24 publications finally identified, six report analyses of acute exposures in atomic bomb survivors and Chernobyl liquidators, and the others report analyses of protracted exposures in occupationally, medically or accidentally exposed populations. Three studies investigated a dose threshold: in atomic bomb survivors, the best estimates were 1 Sv (95 % CI <0–0.8 Sv) regarding lensectomies; in survivors exposed as children, 0.6 Sv (90 % CI <0.0–1.2 Sv) for cortical cataract prevalence and 0.7 Sv (90 % CI 0.0–2.8 Sv) for posterior subcapsular cataract; and in Chernobyl liquidators, 0.34 Sv (95 % CI 0.19–0.68 Sv) for stage 1 cataract. Current studies are heterogeneous and inconclusive regarding the dose–response relationship. Protracted exposures and high lens doses occur in several occupational groups, for instance, in physicians performing fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures, and in accidentally exposed populations. New studies with a good retrospective exposure assessment are feasible and should be initiated.</description><subject>Atomic bombs</subject><subject>Biological and Medical Physics</subject><subject>Biophysics</subject><subject>Cataract - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cataract - etiology</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>Effects of Radiation/Radiation Protection</subject><subject>Environmental Physics</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Ionizing radiation</subject><subject>Literature reviews</subject><subject>Monitoring/Environmental Analysis</subject><subject>Nuclear weapons</subject><subject>Occupational exposure</subject><subject>Occupational Exposure - adverse effects</subject><subject>Occupational safety</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Physics and Astronomy</subject><subject>Radiation</subject><subject>Radiation Dosage</subject><subject>Radiation Injuries - epidemiology</subject><subject>Radiation Injuries - etiology</subject><subject>Radiation 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| subjects | Atomic bombs Biological and Medical Physics Biophysics Cataract - epidemiology Cataract - etiology Ecosystems Effects of Radiation/Radiation Protection Environmental Physics Humans Ionizing radiation Literature reviews Monitoring/Environmental Analysis Nuclear weapons Occupational exposure Occupational Exposure - adverse effects Occupational safety Physics Physics and Astronomy Radiation Radiation Dosage Radiation Injuries - epidemiology Radiation Injuries - etiology Radiation protection Radiation, Ionizing Review Article Risk factors Systematic review |
| title | Occupational exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation and cataract development: a systematic literature review and perspectives on future studies |
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