Advances in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by progressive airflow limitation in the presence of identifiable risk factors. Inflammation is the central pathological feature in the pathogenesis of COPD. In addition to its pulmonary effects, COPD is associated with significant extrap...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Internal medicine journal 2013-08, Vol.43 (8), p.854-862 |
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description | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by progressive airflow limitation in the presence of identifiable risk factors. Inflammation is the central pathological feature in the pathogenesis of COPD. In addition to its pulmonary effects, COPD is associated with significant extrapulmonary manifestations, including ischaemic heart disease, osteoporosis, stroke and diabetes. Anxiety and depression are also common. Spirometry remains the gold standard diagnostic tool. Pharmacologic and non‐pharmacologic therapy can improve symptoms, quality of life and exercise capacity and, through their effects on reducing exacerbations, have the potential to modify disease progression. Bronchodilators are the mainstay of pharmacotherapy, with guidelines recommending a stepwise escalating approach. Smoking cessation is paramount in managing COPD, with promotion of physical activity and pulmonary rehabilitation being other key factors in management. Comorbidities should be actively sought and managed in their own right. Given the chronicity and progressive nature of COPD, ongoing monitoring and support with timely discussion of advanced‐care planning and end‐of‐life issues are recommended. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1111/imj.12219 |
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Smoking cessation is paramount in managing COPD, with promotion of physical activity and pulmonary rehabilitation being other key factors in management. Comorbidities should be actively sought and managed in their own right. Given the chronicity and progressive nature of COPD, ongoing monitoring and support with timely discussion of advanced‐care planning and end‐of‐life issues are recommended.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1444-0903</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1445-5994</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/imj.12219</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23919334</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Australia: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Bronchodilator Agents - administration & dosage ; chronic ; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; COPD ; Humans ; lung disease ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy - methods ; Palliative Care - methods ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - diagnosis ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - prevention & control ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - therapy ; Risk Factors ; Smoking Cessation - methods ; Spirometry - methods ; update</subject><ispartof>Internal medicine journal, 2013-08, Vol.43 (8), p.854-862</ispartof><rights>2013 The Authors; Internal Medicine Journal © 2013 Royal Australasian College of Physicians</rights><rights>2013 The Authors; Internal Medicine Journal © 2013 Royal Australasian College of Physicians.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3989-19592a5a48eb467f8f336202e599cf8f56cea25affab9211f95ad36d3cd192623</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3989-19592a5a48eb467f8f336202e599cf8f56cea25affab9211f95ad36d3cd192623</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fimj.12219$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fimj.12219$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1416,27923,27924,45573,45574</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23919334$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>McDonald, C. F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khor, Y.</creatorcontrib><title>Advances in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</title><title>Internal medicine journal</title><addtitle>Intern Med J</addtitle><description>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by progressive airflow limitation in the presence of identifiable risk factors. Inflammation is the central pathological feature in the pathogenesis of COPD. In addition to its pulmonary effects, COPD is associated with significant extrapulmonary manifestations, including ischaemic heart disease, osteoporosis, stroke and diabetes. Anxiety and depression are also common. Spirometry remains the gold standard diagnostic tool. Pharmacologic and non‐pharmacologic therapy can improve symptoms, quality of life and exercise capacity and, through their effects on reducing exacerbations, have the potential to modify disease progression. Bronchodilators are the mainstay of pharmacotherapy, with guidelines recommending a stepwise escalating approach. Smoking cessation is paramount in managing COPD, with promotion of physical activity and pulmonary rehabilitation being other key factors in management. Comorbidities should be actively sought and managed in their own right. Given the chronicity and progressive nature of COPD, ongoing monitoring and support with timely discussion of advanced‐care planning and end‐of‐life issues are recommended.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Bronchodilator Agents - administration & dosage</subject><subject>chronic</subject><subject>chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</subject><subject>COPD</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>lung disease</subject><subject>Oxygen Inhalation Therapy - methods</subject><subject>Palliative Care - methods</subject><subject>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - diagnosis</subject><subject>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - prevention & control</subject><subject>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - therapy</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Smoking Cessation - methods</subject><subject>Spirometry - methods</subject><subject>update</subject><issn>1444-0903</issn><issn>1445-5994</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kEtPwkAUhSdGI4gu_AOmS10UOq-2d4lEAYO4QONyMp1O42Af2KEo_96RAjvv5t6bfOfk5CB0jYM-djMwxbKPCcFwgrqYMe5zAHa6u5kfQEA76MLaZRDgiAI7Rx1CAQOlrIvwMN3IUmnrmdJTH3VVGuVViV3XjVqbjfZWTV5Upay3XmqsllZforNM5lZf7XcPvT0-vI4m_uxlPB0NZ76iEIOPgQORXLJYJyyMsjijNCQB0S6bch8PlZaEyyyTCRCMM-AypWFKVYqBhIT20G3ru6qrr0bbtSiMVTrPZamrxgrMcByyCAA79K5FVV1ZW-tMrGpTuMwCB-KvIeEaEruGHHuzt22SQqdH8lCJAwYt8G1yvf3fSUyfnw6Wfqswdq1_jgpZf4owohEX7_OxuB8v5gsy4mJCfwFknn38</recordid><startdate>201308</startdate><enddate>201308</enddate><creator>McDonald, C. F.</creator><creator>Khor, Y.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201308</creationdate><title>Advances in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</title><author>McDonald, C. 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F.</au><au>Khor, Y.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Advances in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</atitle><jtitle>Internal medicine journal</jtitle><addtitle>Intern Med J</addtitle><date>2013-08</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>43</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>854</spage><epage>862</epage><pages>854-862</pages><issn>1444-0903</issn><eissn>1445-5994</eissn><abstract>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by progressive airflow limitation in the presence of identifiable risk factors. Inflammation is the central pathological feature in the pathogenesis of COPD. In addition to its pulmonary effects, COPD is associated with significant extrapulmonary manifestations, including ischaemic heart disease, osteoporosis, stroke and diabetes. Anxiety and depression are also common. Spirometry remains the gold standard diagnostic tool. Pharmacologic and non‐pharmacologic therapy can improve symptoms, quality of life and exercise capacity and, through their effects on reducing exacerbations, have the potential to modify disease progression. Bronchodilators are the mainstay of pharmacotherapy, with guidelines recommending a stepwise escalating approach. Smoking cessation is paramount in managing COPD, with promotion of physical activity and pulmonary rehabilitation being other key factors in management. Comorbidities should be actively sought and managed in their own right. Given the chronicity and progressive nature of COPD, ongoing monitoring and support with timely discussion of advanced‐care planning and end‐of‐life issues are recommended.</abstract><cop>Australia</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>23919334</pmid><doi>10.1111/imj.12219</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Bronchodilator Agents - administration & dosage chronic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD Humans lung disease Oxygen Inhalation Therapy - methods Palliative Care - methods Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - diagnosis Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - prevention & control Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - therapy Risk Factors Smoking Cessation - methods Spirometry - methods update |
title | Advances in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
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