Hexavalent chromium review, part 1: Health effects, regulations, and analysis
First of a two-part review summarizing the current state of the science regarding hexavalent chromium, this article addresses health effects, regulations, and analysis; part 2 will cover occurrence, chemistry, and treatment. Although hexavalent chromium—Cr(VI)—is a known human carcinogen when inhale...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal - American Water Works Association 2012-06, Vol.104 (6), p.E348-E357 |
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| container_end_page | E357 |
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| container_issue | 6 |
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| container_title | Journal - American Water Works Association |
| container_volume | 104 |
| creator | McLean, Joan E. McNeill, Laurie S. Edwards, Marc A. Parks, Jeffrey L. |
| description | First of a two-part review summarizing the current state of the science regarding hexavalent chromium, this article addresses health effects, regulations, and analysis; part 2 will cover occurrence, chemistry, and treatment. Although hexavalent chromium—Cr(VI)—is a known human carcinogen when inhaled, its effects when taken orally (e.g., consumed in drinking water) are still being evaluated. The outcome of the ongoing US Environmental Protection Agency toxicologic review will determine whether a new federal maximum contaminant level will be set specifically for Cr(VI). In California, a public health goal of 0.02 μg/L has been established, and the state is proceeding to set a maximum contaminant level for hexavalent chromium. Analytical methods for hexavalent chromium can reliably quantify Cr(VI) at sub-parts-per-billion levels, whereas methods for measuring total chromium are much less sensitive. A new US Environmental Protection Agency method is available for Cr(VI) analysis, with updated requirements for chromium speciation preservation, holding time, and filtration. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.5942/jawwa.2012.104.0091 |
| format | Article |
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Although hexavalent chromium—Cr(VI)—is a known human carcinogen when inhaled, its effects when taken orally (e.g., consumed in drinking water) are still being evaluated. The outcome of the ongoing US Environmental Protection Agency toxicologic review will determine whether a new federal maximum contaminant level will be set specifically for Cr(VI). In California, a public health goal of 0.02 μg/L has been established, and the state is proceeding to set a maximum contaminant level for hexavalent chromium. Analytical methods for hexavalent chromium can reliably quantify Cr(VI) at sub-parts-per-billion levels, whereas methods for measuring total chromium are much less sensitive. A new US Environmental Protection Agency method is available for Cr(VI) analysis, with updated requirements for chromium speciation preservation, holding time, and filtration.</description><subject>Carcinogenicity</subject><subject>Carcinogens</subject><subject>Chemical contaminants</subject><subject>Chromium</subject><subject>Contaminants</subject><subject>Dosage</subject><subject>Drinking Water</subject><subject>Environmental protection</subject><subject>Federal Regulations</subject><subject>Filtration</subject><subject>Health benefits</subject><subject>Health Effects</subject><subject>Hexavalent Chromium</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Ingestion</subject><subject>Mode of action</subject><subject>Potable water</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>Public Health Goal</subject><subject>Speciation</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><issn>0003-150X</issn><issn>1551-8833</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNkLFu2zAQhomgBeKmeYIsArp0iJw7kaKsbkaQxgESZGnhbMSJPiUSJMslpSh--1J2kKFTB4L4ye87HH4hLhDmaa6Sq5rGkeYJYDJHUHOAHE_EDNMU48VCyk9iBgAyxhSeTsUX7-sQMUU1Ew8rfqNXanjbR_bFdW01tJHj14rHy2hHro_wR7RiavqXiMuSbe8vw__z0FBfddsQaLsJh5q9r_xX8bmkxvP5-30mfv-8-XW9iu8fb--ul_exVVphXNiCETalLlAqIFYFWcUZloClBJ1sLABDlkkqstImqU7yNCkkWZnmpHQmz8T349yd6_4M7HvTVt5y09CWu8EbVDhZgBP67R-07gYX9g2UzCDTUutFoOSRsq7z3nFpdq5qye0NgpkqNoeKzVRxeFJmqjhY-dEaq4b3_6OY5Xq9fHfjo1v7vnMfbk0tj9SPnSPvD5o2N1It5F98n5EI</recordid><startdate>20120601</startdate><enddate>20120601</enddate><creator>McLean, Joan E.</creator><creator>McNeill, Laurie S.</creator><creator>Edwards, Marc A.</creator><creator>Parks, Jeffrey L.</creator><general>American Water Works Association</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7U2</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120601</creationdate><title>Hexavalent chromium review, part 1: Health effects, regulations, and analysis</title><author>McLean, Joan E. ; McNeill, Laurie S. ; Edwards, Marc A. ; Parks, Jeffrey L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4641-bcbe10df6b1340ae4bac4e71f01f3062dc00e0773ab7fc2562952b3ac359a4673</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Carcinogenicity</topic><topic>Carcinogens</topic><topic>Chemical contaminants</topic><topic>Chromium</topic><topic>Contaminants</topic><topic>Dosage</topic><topic>Drinking Water</topic><topic>Environmental protection</topic><topic>Federal Regulations</topic><topic>Filtration</topic><topic>Health benefits</topic><topic>Health Effects</topic><topic>Hexavalent Chromium</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Ingestion</topic><topic>Mode of action</topic><topic>Potable water</topic><topic>Public Health</topic><topic>Public Health Goal</topic><topic>Speciation</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>McLean, Joan E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McNeill, Laurie S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Edwards, Marc A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parks, Jeffrey L.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><jtitle>Journal - American Water Works Association</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>McLean, Joan E.</au><au>McNeill, Laurie S.</au><au>Edwards, Marc A.</au><au>Parks, Jeffrey L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Hexavalent chromium review, part 1: Health effects, regulations, and analysis</atitle><jtitle>Journal - American Water Works Association</jtitle><date>2012-06-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>104</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>E348</spage><epage>E357</epage><pages>E348-E357</pages><issn>0003-150X</issn><eissn>1551-8833</eissn><coden>JAWWA5</coden><abstract>First of a two-part review summarizing the current state of the science regarding hexavalent chromium, this article addresses health effects, regulations, and analysis; part 2 will cover occurrence, chemistry, and treatment. Although hexavalent chromium—Cr(VI)—is a known human carcinogen when inhaled, its effects when taken orally (e.g., consumed in drinking water) are still being evaluated. The outcome of the ongoing US Environmental Protection Agency toxicologic review will determine whether a new federal maximum contaminant level will be set specifically for Cr(VI). In California, a public health goal of 0.02 μg/L has been established, and the state is proceeding to set a maximum contaminant level for hexavalent chromium. Analytical methods for hexavalent chromium can reliably quantify Cr(VI) at sub-parts-per-billion levels, whereas methods for measuring total chromium are much less sensitive. A new US Environmental Protection Agency method is available for Cr(VI) analysis, with updated requirements for chromium speciation preservation, holding time, and filtration.</abstract><cop>Denver</cop><pub>American Water Works Association</pub><doi>10.5942/jawwa.2012.104.0091</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0003-150X |
| ispartof | Journal - American Water Works Association, 2012-06, Vol.104 (6), p.E348-E357 |
| issn | 0003-150X 1551-8833 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing |
| subjects | Carcinogenicity Carcinogens Chemical contaminants Chromium Contaminants Dosage Drinking Water Environmental protection Federal Regulations Filtration Health benefits Health Effects Hexavalent Chromium Humans Ingestion Mode of action Potable water Public Health Public Health Goal Speciation Toxicology |
| title | Hexavalent chromium review, part 1: Health effects, regulations, and analysis |
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