Formulation and Evaluation of Lidocaine Base Ethosomes for Transdermal Delivery

BACKGROUND:Although transdermal preparations of local anesthetics have been used to reduce pain caused by skin surgery, these preparations cannot effectively penetrate through the epidermis because of the barrier formed by the stratum corneum and the thick epidermis. Ethosomes can effectively transp...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Anesthesia and analgesia 2013-08, Vol.117 (2), p.352-357
Hauptverfasser:	Zhu, Xiaoliang, Li, Fuli, Peng, Xuebiao, Zeng, Kang
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Administration, Cutaneous Anesthetics, Local - administration & dosage Anesthetics, Local - chemistry Anesthetics, Local - metabolism Anesthetics, Local - toxicity Animals Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Cholesterol - chemistry Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Drug Carriers Drug Stability Edema - chemically induced Edema - pathology Erythema - chemically induced Erythema - pathology Ethanol - chemistry Guinea Pigs Lidocaine - administration & dosage Lidocaine - chemistry Lidocaine - metabolism Lidocaine - toxicity Liposomes Pain Threshold - drug effects Particle Size Permeability Phosphatidylcholines - chemistry Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Skin - drug effects Skin - metabolism Skin - pathology Skin Absorption Skin Irritancy Tests
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