Detecting multiple autoantibodies to diagnose autoimmune co-morbidity (multiple autoimmune syndromes and overlap syndromes): a challenge for the autoimmunologist

In the last 15 years, the estimated prevalence of autoimmune diseases increased from about 4 to 9.4 %. Autoimmune co-morbidity (i.e., the association between two or more autoimmune diseases in the same patient) is present in 0.4–0.5 % of the worldwide population, more frequently in patients with mul...

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