Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Coinfection Does Not Accelerate CD4 Count Decline in Untreated HIV Infection
Background. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) reactivations are associated with increased HIV load, but whether HSV-2 coinfection accelerates HIV disease is unclear. We compared rates of CD4 count decline according to HSV-2 status in untreated HIV-infected adults. Methods. HIV-infected patients wi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Clinical infectious diseases 2013-08, Vol.57 (3), p.448-457 |
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| creator | Tan, Darrell H. S. Raboud, Janet M. Kaul, Rupert Brunetta, Jason Kaushic, Charu Kovacs, Colin Lee, Edward Luetkehoelter, Jonathan Rachlis, Anita Smaill, Fiona Smieja, Marek Walmsley, Sharon L. |
| description | Background. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) reactivations are associated with increased HIV load, but whether HSV-2 coinfection accelerates HIV disease is unclear. We compared rates of CD4 count decline according to HSV-2 status in untreated HIV-infected adults. Methods. HIV-infected patients with a past period of antiretroviral therapy (ART)—untreated follow-up with initial CD4 count of 400–900 cells/mm 3 and no chronic anti-HSV therapy were included. HSV-2 status was determined by HerpeSelect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Rates of CD4 count change were compared by HSV-2 status using mixed linear regression models, and time to the first of ART initiation or CD4 |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/cid/cit208 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>jstor_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1399054251</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><jstor_id>23483940</jstor_id><oup_id>10.1093/cid/cit208</oup_id><sourcerecordid>23483940</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c433t-2b21307b2a50ec139b5eee5104b7f8dd9032a75730f262c248e3ae6e7c3a48ea3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kU1r3DAQhkVoyVd76b1FEAKh4FYfli0fw26SXQjtoUmuRpbHVItXciUZkn-fKbtpSg89CA3o4Z2ZR4R84OwLZ438al2PJwumD8gxV7IuKtXwN1gzpYtSS31ETlLaMMa5ZuqQHAmpalFqfkx-riBOkOgPt51GeKQPLs6J3j1NQAVdBOcHsNkFT5cBqW8h00trYYRoMtDFskRm9pkuwY7OA3We3vscAV97ulo_0PVLwDvydjBjgvf7-5TcX1_dLVbF7feb9eLytrCllLkQneCS1Z0wioHlsukUACjOyq4edN83TApTq1qyQVTC4hIgDVRQW2mwNvKUXOxypxh-zZByu3UJJx6NhzCnFiMbpkqhOKJn_6CbMEeP07W8ZOiurrRG6vOOsjGkFGFop-i2Jj61nLW__bfov935R_jTPnLuttD_QV-EI3C-B0yyZhyi8dalVw5X45UWr1yYp_83_LjjNimH-Fc__PamZPIZS7eiHg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1400587688</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Coinfection Does Not Accelerate CD4 Count Decline in Untreated HIV Infection</title><source>Jstor Complete Legacy</source><source>Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current)</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Tan, Darrell H. S. ; Raboud, Janet M. ; Kaul, Rupert ; Brunetta, Jason ; Kaushic, Charu ; Kovacs, Colin ; Lee, Edward ; Luetkehoelter, Jonathan ; Rachlis, Anita ; Smaill, Fiona ; Smieja, Marek ; Walmsley, Sharon L.</creator><creatorcontrib>Tan, Darrell H. S. ; Raboud, Janet M. ; Kaul, Rupert ; Brunetta, Jason ; Kaushic, Charu ; Kovacs, Colin ; Lee, Edward ; Luetkehoelter, Jonathan ; Rachlis, Anita ; Smaill, Fiona ; Smieja, Marek ; Walmsley, Sharon L.</creatorcontrib><description>Background. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) reactivations are associated with increased HIV load, but whether HSV-2 coinfection accelerates HIV disease is unclear. We compared rates of CD4 count decline according to HSV-2 status in untreated HIV-infected adults. Methods. HIV-infected patients with a past period of antiretroviral therapy (ART)—untreated follow-up with initial CD4 count of 400–900 cells/mm 3 and no chronic anti-HSV therapy were included. HSV-2 status was determined by HerpeSelect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Rates of CD4 count change were compared by HSV-2 status using mixed linear regression models, and time to the first of ART initiation or CD4 <350 cells/mm 3 using proportional hazards models. Results. Of 218 patients included, 123 (56.4%) were seropositive for HSV-2 and 161 (73.8%) for HSV-1. In univariate analysis, the difference in the rate of CD4 count change associated with HSV-2 was not statistically significant at +13.6 cells/mm 3 /year (P = .12). Results were similar at −4.5 cells/mm 3 /year (P = .68) after adjustment for sex, HSV type 1, oral and genital herpes symptoms, immigrant status, and the interaction of immigrant status with time. However, HSV-2 seropositivity was associated with a shorter time to the first of ART initiation or CD4 <350 cells/mm3, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.07 (95% confidence interval, 1.28–3.33). Conclusions. HSV-2 coinfection was not associated with the rate of CD4 count decline during ART-untreated HIV infection, but was associated with an earlier combined endpoint of ART initiation or CD4 <350 cells/mm 3 . Attenuating effects of acyclovir on HIV disease progression observed in recent clinical trials may result from direct anti-HIV activity rather than indirect benefits from HSV-2 suppression.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1058-4838</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-6591</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/cid/cit208</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23572481</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CIDIEL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Adult ; Antiretroviral drugs ; Biological and medical sciences ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology ; Clinical trials ; Coinfection ; Coinfection - immunology ; Coinfection - virology ; Disease progression ; Drug therapy ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Herpes Genitalis - immunology ; Herpes Genitalis - virology ; Herpes viruses ; Herpesvirus 2, Human - isolation & purification ; Highly active antiretroviral therapy ; HIV ; HIV 1 ; HIV Infections - complications ; HIV Infections - immunology ; HIV/AIDS ; Human herpesvirus 1 ; Human herpesvirus 2 ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Human viral diseases ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; Immunodeficiencies ; Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies ; Immunopathology ; Infections ; Infectious diseases ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Simplexvirus ; Symptomatology ; Viral diseases ; Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids</subject><ispartof>Clinical infectious diseases, 2013-08, Vol.57 (3), p.448-457</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2013 Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America</rights><rights>The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com . 2013</rights><rights>2014 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Oxford University Press, UK Aug 1, 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c433t-2b21307b2a50ec139b5eee5104b7f8dd9032a75730f262c248e3ae6e7c3a48ea3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c433t-2b21307b2a50ec139b5eee5104b7f8dd9032a75730f262c248e3ae6e7c3a48ea3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/23483940$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/23483940$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,1578,27901,27902,57992,58225</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=27571682$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23572481$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tan, Darrell H. S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raboud, Janet M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaul, Rupert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brunetta, Jason</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaushic, Charu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kovacs, Colin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Edward</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luetkehoelter, Jonathan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rachlis, Anita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smaill, Fiona</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smieja, Marek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walmsley, Sharon L.</creatorcontrib><title>Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Coinfection Does Not Accelerate CD4 Count Decline in Untreated HIV Infection</title><title>Clinical infectious diseases</title><addtitle>Clin Infect Dis</addtitle><description>Background. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) reactivations are associated with increased HIV load, but whether HSV-2 coinfection accelerates HIV disease is unclear. We compared rates of CD4 count decline according to HSV-2 status in untreated HIV-infected adults. Methods. HIV-infected patients with a past period of antiretroviral therapy (ART)—untreated follow-up with initial CD4 count of 400–900 cells/mm 3 and no chronic anti-HSV therapy were included. HSV-2 status was determined by HerpeSelect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Rates of CD4 count change were compared by HSV-2 status using mixed linear regression models, and time to the first of ART initiation or CD4 <350 cells/mm 3 using proportional hazards models. Results. Of 218 patients included, 123 (56.4%) were seropositive for HSV-2 and 161 (73.8%) for HSV-1. In univariate analysis, the difference in the rate of CD4 count change associated with HSV-2 was not statistically significant at +13.6 cells/mm 3 /year (P = .12). Results were similar at −4.5 cells/mm 3 /year (P = .68) after adjustment for sex, HSV type 1, oral and genital herpes symptoms, immigrant status, and the interaction of immigrant status with time. However, HSV-2 seropositivity was associated with a shorter time to the first of ART initiation or CD4 <350 cells/mm3, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.07 (95% confidence interval, 1.28–3.33). Conclusions. HSV-2 coinfection was not associated with the rate of CD4 count decline during ART-untreated HIV infection, but was associated with an earlier combined endpoint of ART initiation or CD4 <350 cells/mm 3 . Attenuating effects of acyclovir on HIV disease progression observed in recent clinical trials may result from direct anti-HIV activity rather than indirect benefits from HSV-2 suppression.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Antiretroviral drugs</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>CD4 Lymphocyte Count</subject><subject>CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>Coinfection</subject><subject>Coinfection - immunology</subject><subject>Coinfection - virology</subject><subject>Disease progression</subject><subject>Drug therapy</subject><subject>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Herpes Genitalis - immunology</subject><subject>Herpes Genitalis - virology</subject><subject>Herpes viruses</subject><subject>Herpesvirus 2, Human - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Highly active antiretroviral therapy</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>HIV 1</subject><subject>HIV Infections - complications</subject><subject>HIV Infections - immunology</subject><subject>HIV/AIDS</subject><subject>Human herpesvirus 1</subject><subject>Human herpesvirus 2</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Human viral diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunoassay</subject><subject>Immunodeficiencies</subject><subject>Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies</subject><subject>Immunopathology</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Simplexvirus</subject><subject>Symptomatology</subject><subject>Viral diseases</subject><subject>Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. 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S.</creator><creator>Raboud, Janet M.</creator><creator>Kaul, Rupert</creator><creator>Brunetta, Jason</creator><creator>Kaushic, Charu</creator><creator>Kovacs, Colin</creator><creator>Lee, Edward</creator><creator>Luetkehoelter, Jonathan</creator><creator>Rachlis, Anita</creator><creator>Smaill, Fiona</creator><creator>Smieja, Marek</creator><creator>Walmsley, Sharon L.</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130801</creationdate><title>Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Coinfection Does Not Accelerate CD4 Count Decline in Untreated HIV Infection</title><author>Tan, Darrell H. S. ; Raboud, Janet M. ; Kaul, Rupert ; Brunetta, Jason ; Kaushic, Charu ; Kovacs, Colin ; Lee, Edward ; Luetkehoelter, Jonathan ; Rachlis, Anita ; Smaill, Fiona ; Smieja, Marek ; Walmsley, Sharon L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c433t-2b21307b2a50ec139b5eee5104b7f8dd9032a75730f262c248e3ae6e7c3a48ea3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Antiretroviral drugs</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>CD4 Lymphocyte Count</topic><topic>CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology</topic><topic>Clinical trials</topic><topic>Coinfection</topic><topic>Coinfection - immunology</topic><topic>Coinfection - virology</topic><topic>Disease progression</topic><topic>Drug therapy</topic><topic>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Herpes Genitalis - immunology</topic><topic>Herpes Genitalis - virology</topic><topic>Herpes viruses</topic><topic>Herpesvirus 2, Human - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Highly active antiretroviral therapy</topic><topic>HIV</topic><topic>HIV 1</topic><topic>HIV Infections - complications</topic><topic>HIV Infections - immunology</topic><topic>HIV/AIDS</topic><topic>Human herpesvirus 1</topic><topic>Human herpesvirus 2</topic><topic>Human immunodeficiency virus</topic><topic>Human viral diseases</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunoassay</topic><topic>Immunodeficiencies</topic><topic>Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies</topic><topic>Immunopathology</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Simplexvirus</topic><topic>Symptomatology</topic><topic>Viral diseases</topic><topic>Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tan, Darrell H. S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raboud, Janet M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaul, Rupert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brunetta, Jason</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaushic, Charu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kovacs, Colin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Edward</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luetkehoelter, Jonathan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rachlis, Anita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smaill, Fiona</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smieja, Marek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walmsley, Sharon L.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Clinical infectious diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tan, Darrell H. S.</au><au>Raboud, Janet M.</au><au>Kaul, Rupert</au><au>Brunetta, Jason</au><au>Kaushic, Charu</au><au>Kovacs, Colin</au><au>Lee, Edward</au><au>Luetkehoelter, Jonathan</au><au>Rachlis, Anita</au><au>Smaill, Fiona</au><au>Smieja, Marek</au><au>Walmsley, Sharon L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Coinfection Does Not Accelerate CD4 Count Decline in Untreated HIV Infection</atitle><jtitle>Clinical infectious diseases</jtitle><addtitle>Clin Infect Dis</addtitle><date>2013-08-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>57</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>448</spage><epage>457</epage><pages>448-457</pages><issn>1058-4838</issn><eissn>1537-6591</eissn><coden>CIDIEL</coden><abstract>Background. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) reactivations are associated with increased HIV load, but whether HSV-2 coinfection accelerates HIV disease is unclear. We compared rates of CD4 count decline according to HSV-2 status in untreated HIV-infected adults. Methods. HIV-infected patients with a past period of antiretroviral therapy (ART)—untreated follow-up with initial CD4 count of 400–900 cells/mm 3 and no chronic anti-HSV therapy were included. HSV-2 status was determined by HerpeSelect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Rates of CD4 count change were compared by HSV-2 status using mixed linear regression models, and time to the first of ART initiation or CD4 <350 cells/mm 3 using proportional hazards models. Results. Of 218 patients included, 123 (56.4%) were seropositive for HSV-2 and 161 (73.8%) for HSV-1. In univariate analysis, the difference in the rate of CD4 count change associated with HSV-2 was not statistically significant at +13.6 cells/mm 3 /year (P = .12). Results were similar at −4.5 cells/mm 3 /year (P = .68) after adjustment for sex, HSV type 1, oral and genital herpes symptoms, immigrant status, and the interaction of immigrant status with time. However, HSV-2 seropositivity was associated with a shorter time to the first of ART initiation or CD4 <350 cells/mm3, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.07 (95% confidence interval, 1.28–3.33). Conclusions. HSV-2 coinfection was not associated with the rate of CD4 count decline during ART-untreated HIV infection, but was associated with an earlier combined endpoint of ART initiation or CD4 <350 cells/mm 3 . Attenuating effects of acyclovir on HIV disease progression observed in recent clinical trials may result from direct anti-HIV activity rather than indirect benefits from HSV-2 suppression.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>23572481</pmid><doi>10.1093/cid/cit208</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Clinical infectious diseases, 2013-08, Vol.57 (3), p.448-457 |
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| source | Jstor Complete Legacy; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Adult Antiretroviral drugs Biological and medical sciences CD4 Lymphocyte Count CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology Clinical trials Coinfection Coinfection - immunology Coinfection - virology Disease progression Drug therapy Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Female Herpes Genitalis - immunology Herpes Genitalis - virology Herpes viruses Herpesvirus 2, Human - isolation & purification Highly active antiretroviral therapy HIV HIV 1 HIV Infections - complications HIV Infections - immunology HIV/AIDS Human herpesvirus 1 Human herpesvirus 2 Human immunodeficiency virus Human viral diseases Humans Immunoassay Immunodeficiencies Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies Immunopathology Infections Infectious diseases Male Medical sciences Simplexvirus Symptomatology Viral diseases Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids |
| title | Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Coinfection Does Not Accelerate CD4 Count Decline in Untreated HIV Infection |
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