Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Enhances the Pre‐Implantation Embryo Development by Reducing Apoptosis in Pigs
Apoptosis is an important determinant of the normal development of pre‐implantation embryos in vitro. Recently, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐mediated apoptosis has been extensively investigated in a wide variety of diseases. Efficient functioning of the ER is essential for most cellular activit...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Reproduction in domestic animals 2012-10, Vol.47 (5), p.791-798 |
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| creator | Kim, J‐S Song, B‐S Lee, K‐S Kim, D‐H Kim, S‐U Choo, Y‐K Chang, K‐T Koo, D‐B |
| description | Apoptosis is an important determinant of the normal development of pre‐implantation embryos in vitro. Recently, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐mediated apoptosis has been extensively investigated in a wide variety of diseases. Efficient functioning of the ER is essential for most cellular activities and survival. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an endogenous bile acid, has been reported to attenuate ER stress‐mediated cell death by interrupting the classic pathways of apoptosis. Therefore, in this study, the anti‐apoptotic effect of TUDCA on ER stress‐induced apoptosis was examined in pre‐implantation pig embryos. Also, tunicamycin was used to investigate the effects of ER stress on pig embryo development. After in vitro maturation and fertilization, presumptive pig embryos were cultured in NCSU‐23 medium supplemented with TUDCA or TM for 6 days at 39°C, 5% CO2 in air. All data were analysed using one‐way anova and Duncan’s multiple range test in the statistical analysis system (SAS). In addition, we also determined the optimal TM and TUDCA concentrations. Samples were treated with TM at concentrations of 0, 1, 2 or 5 μm and with TUDCA at concentrations of 0, 100, 200 or 300 μm. When TM was used during in vitro culture, only 8.2% (8/97) of the embryos developed to the blastocyst stage when the treatment concentration was 1 μm compared with 27.4% (28/102) of the embryos in the control group (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01969.x |
| format | Article |
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Recently, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐mediated apoptosis has been extensively investigated in a wide variety of diseases. Efficient functioning of the ER is essential for most cellular activities and survival. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an endogenous bile acid, has been reported to attenuate ER stress‐mediated cell death by interrupting the classic pathways of apoptosis. Therefore, in this study, the anti‐apoptotic effect of TUDCA on ER stress‐induced apoptosis was examined in pre‐implantation pig embryos. Also, tunicamycin was used to investigate the effects of ER stress on pig embryo development. After in vitro maturation and fertilization, presumptive pig embryos were cultured in NCSU‐23 medium supplemented with TUDCA or TM for 6 days at 39°C, 5% CO2 in air. All data were analysed using one‐way anova and Duncan’s multiple range test in the statistical analysis system (SAS). In addition, we also determined the optimal TM and TUDCA concentrations. Samples were treated with TM at concentrations of 0, 1, 2 or 5 μm and with TUDCA at concentrations of 0, 100, 200 or 300 μm. When TM was used during in vitro culture, only 8.2% (8/97) of the embryos developed to the blastocyst stage when the treatment concentration was 1 μm compared with 27.4% (28/102) of the embryos in the control group (p < 0.05). In contrast, the frequency of blastocyst formation and the number of cells were higher when treated with 200 μm TUDCA compared with the control group (32.8% and 39.5 vs 22.2% and 35.6, p < 0.05). Moreover, the developmental rate to the blastocyst stage embryo in the group treated with TM and TUDCA was not significantly different from that of the control group (17.8%, 26/142 vs 24.9%, 36/145). Furthermore, the blastocyst cell number was enhanced (31.9 vs 36.9) and apoptosis reduced (TUNEL‐positive nuclei number, 6.0 vs 3.2) by TUDCA treatment in pig embryos. In the real‐time quantitative RT‐PCR analysis, the expression of anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐XL gene was shown to be increased in the blastocyst stage because of TUDCA treatment, whereas expression of pro‐apoptotic Bax was decreased. In addition, we also found that TUDCA decreased the rate of TM‐induced apoptosis in the pre‐implantation stage. Taken together, our results indicate that TUDCA improves the developmental competence of pig embryos by modulating ER stress‐induced apoptosis during the pre‐implantation stage.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0936-6768</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1439-0531</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01969.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22151574</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Acids ; air ; Animal reproduction ; Animal sciences ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Apoptosis - drug effects ; Apoptosis - genetics ; Bile ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blastocyst - cytology ; Blastocyst - physiology ; carbon dioxide ; Cells, Cultured ; Embryo Culture Techniques - veterinary ; embryogenesis ; Embryology ; Embryonic Development - drug effects ; endoplasmic reticulum ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - drug effects ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - physiology ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro - veterinary ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; genes ; Hogs ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; in vitro culture ; Mammalian reproduction. General aspects ; Oocytes - physiology ; RNA, Messenger - analysis ; statistical analysis ; Sus scrofa - embryology ; swine ; Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid - pharmacology ; tunicamycin ; Tunicamycin - pharmacology ; Vertebrates: reproduction</subject><ispartof>Reproduction in domestic animals, 2012-10, Vol.47 (5), p.791-798</ispartof><rights>2011 Blackwell Verlag GmbH</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>2011 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5889-fc853a0d400b6134ca3f302eb2d78fb02ccc76380f4f54a0fdfc673cf39cb8bd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5889-fc853a0d400b6134ca3f302eb2d78fb02ccc76380f4f54a0fdfc673cf39cb8bd3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1439-0531.2011.01969.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1439-0531.2011.01969.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=26313348$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22151574$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kim, J‐S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Song, B‐S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, K‐S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, D‐H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, S‐U</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choo, Y‐K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chang, K‐T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koo, D‐B</creatorcontrib><title>Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Enhances the Pre‐Implantation Embryo Development by Reducing Apoptosis in Pigs</title><title>Reproduction in domestic animals</title><addtitle>Reprod Domest Anim</addtitle><description>Apoptosis is an important determinant of the normal development of pre‐implantation embryos in vitro. Recently, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐mediated apoptosis has been extensively investigated in a wide variety of diseases. Efficient functioning of the ER is essential for most cellular activities and survival. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an endogenous bile acid, has been reported to attenuate ER stress‐mediated cell death by interrupting the classic pathways of apoptosis. Therefore, in this study, the anti‐apoptotic effect of TUDCA on ER stress‐induced apoptosis was examined in pre‐implantation pig embryos. Also, tunicamycin was used to investigate the effects of ER stress on pig embryo development. After in vitro maturation and fertilization, presumptive pig embryos were cultured in NCSU‐23 medium supplemented with TUDCA or TM for 6 days at 39°C, 5% CO2 in air. All data were analysed using one‐way anova and Duncan’s multiple range test in the statistical analysis system (SAS). In addition, we also determined the optimal TM and TUDCA concentrations. Samples were treated with TM at concentrations of 0, 1, 2 or 5 μm and with TUDCA at concentrations of 0, 100, 200 or 300 μm. When TM was used during in vitro culture, only 8.2% (8/97) of the embryos developed to the blastocyst stage when the treatment concentration was 1 μm compared with 27.4% (28/102) of the embryos in the control group (p < 0.05). In contrast, the frequency of blastocyst formation and the number of cells were higher when treated with 200 μm TUDCA compared with the control group (32.8% and 39.5 vs 22.2% and 35.6, p < 0.05). Moreover, the developmental rate to the blastocyst stage embryo in the group treated with TM and TUDCA was not significantly different from that of the control group (17.8%, 26/142 vs 24.9%, 36/145). Furthermore, the blastocyst cell number was enhanced (31.9 vs 36.9) and apoptosis reduced (TUNEL‐positive nuclei number, 6.0 vs 3.2) by TUDCA treatment in pig embryos. In the real‐time quantitative RT‐PCR analysis, the expression of anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐XL gene was shown to be increased in the blastocyst stage because of TUDCA treatment, whereas expression of pro‐apoptotic Bax was decreased. In addition, we also found that TUDCA decreased the rate of TM‐induced apoptosis in the pre‐implantation stage. Taken together, our results indicate that TUDCA improves the developmental competence of pig embryos by modulating ER stress‐induced apoptosis during the pre‐implantation stage.</description><subject>Acids</subject><subject>air</subject><subject>Animal reproduction</subject><subject>Animal sciences</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Apoptosis</subject><subject>Apoptosis - drug effects</subject><subject>Apoptosis - genetics</subject><subject>Bile</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blastocyst - cytology</subject><subject>Blastocyst - physiology</subject><subject>carbon dioxide</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Embryo Culture Techniques - veterinary</subject><subject>embryogenesis</subject><subject>Embryology</subject><subject>Embryonic Development - drug effects</subject><subject>endoplasmic reticulum</subject><subject>Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - drug effects</subject><subject>Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - physiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fertilization in Vitro - veterinary</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>genes</subject><subject>Hogs</subject><subject>In Situ Nick-End Labeling</subject><subject>in vitro culture</subject><subject>Mammalian reproduction. General aspects</subject><subject>Oocytes - physiology</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - analysis</subject><subject>statistical analysis</subject><subject>Sus scrofa - embryology</subject><subject>swine</subject><subject>Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid - pharmacology</subject><subject>tunicamycin</subject><subject>Tunicamycin - pharmacology</subject><subject>Vertebrates: reproduction</subject><issn>0936-6768</issn><issn>1439-0531</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkUGO0zAUhi0EYobCFcASQmKTYseO4yxYVDNlGFRg1JkR7CzHsVuXJA52Au2OI3BGToJDS5HYgDe25O9_fs8fABCjKY7rxWaKKSkSlBE8TRHGU4QLVky3d8Dp8eIuOEUFYQnLGT8BD0LYIIQznuf3wUma4gxnOT0Fmxs5eDf44Crttju1drVVcKZsBeftWrZKB9ivNbzy-se375dNV8u2l711LZw3pd85eK6_6Np1jW57WO7gUleDsu0KzjrX9S7YAG0Lr-wqPAT3jKyDfnTYJ-D21fzm7HWyeH9xeTZbJCrjvEiM4hmRqKIIlQwTqiQxBKW6TKucmxKlSqmcEY4MNRmVyFRGsZwoQwpV8rIiE_B8X7fz7vOgQy8aG5SuY-faDUFgwnLKCcXFv1FEGOcIpzSiT_9CN_Hb2jjISGWYMkbzSPE9pbwLwWsjOm8b6XcREqM6sRGjITEaEqM68Uud2Mbo48MDQ9no6hj87SoCzw6ADErWxkc7NvzhGMGExMEm4OWe-2prvfvvBsTyfDaeYj7Z523o9faYl_6TiP-cZ-LDuwuxeLO8fsv4QnyM_JM9b6QTcuVjT7fXsXIUGMvj2NdPbJ3NzA</recordid><startdate>201210</startdate><enddate>201210</enddate><creator>Kim, J‐S</creator><creator>Song, B‐S</creator><creator>Lee, K‐S</creator><creator>Kim, D‐H</creator><creator>Kim, S‐U</creator><creator>Choo, Y‐K</creator><creator>Chang, K‐T</creator><creator>Koo, D‐B</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Blackwell</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201210</creationdate><title>Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Enhances the Pre‐Implantation Embryo Development by Reducing Apoptosis in Pigs</title><author>Kim, J‐S ; Song, B‐S ; Lee, K‐S ; Kim, D‐H ; Kim, S‐U ; Choo, Y‐K ; Chang, K‐T ; Koo, D‐B</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5889-fc853a0d400b6134ca3f302eb2d78fb02ccc76380f4f54a0fdfc673cf39cb8bd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Acids</topic><topic>air</topic><topic>Animal reproduction</topic><topic>Animal sciences</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Apoptosis</topic><topic>Apoptosis - drug effects</topic><topic>Apoptosis - genetics</topic><topic>Bile</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blastocyst - cytology</topic><topic>Blastocyst - physiology</topic><topic>carbon dioxide</topic><topic>Cells, Cultured</topic><topic>Embryo Culture Techniques - veterinary</topic><topic>embryogenesis</topic><topic>Embryology</topic><topic>Embryonic Development - drug effects</topic><topic>endoplasmic reticulum</topic><topic>Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - drug effects</topic><topic>Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - physiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fertilization in Vitro - veterinary</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>genes</topic><topic>Hogs</topic><topic>In Situ Nick-End Labeling</topic><topic>in vitro culture</topic><topic>Mammalian reproduction. General aspects</topic><topic>Oocytes - physiology</topic><topic>RNA, Messenger - analysis</topic><topic>statistical analysis</topic><topic>Sus scrofa - embryology</topic><topic>swine</topic><topic>Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid - pharmacology</topic><topic>tunicamycin</topic><topic>Tunicamycin - pharmacology</topic><topic>Vertebrates: reproduction</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kim, J‐S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Song, B‐S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, K‐S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, D‐H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, S‐U</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choo, Y‐K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chang, K‐T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koo, D‐B</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Reproduction in domestic animals</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kim, J‐S</au><au>Song, B‐S</au><au>Lee, K‐S</au><au>Kim, D‐H</au><au>Kim, S‐U</au><au>Choo, Y‐K</au><au>Chang, K‐T</au><au>Koo, D‐B</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Enhances the Pre‐Implantation Embryo Development by Reducing Apoptosis in Pigs</atitle><jtitle>Reproduction in domestic animals</jtitle><addtitle>Reprod Domest Anim</addtitle><date>2012-10</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>47</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>791</spage><epage>798</epage><pages>791-798</pages><issn>0936-6768</issn><eissn>1439-0531</eissn><abstract>Apoptosis is an important determinant of the normal development of pre‐implantation embryos in vitro. Recently, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐mediated apoptosis has been extensively investigated in a wide variety of diseases. Efficient functioning of the ER is essential for most cellular activities and survival. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an endogenous bile acid, has been reported to attenuate ER stress‐mediated cell death by interrupting the classic pathways of apoptosis. Therefore, in this study, the anti‐apoptotic effect of TUDCA on ER stress‐induced apoptosis was examined in pre‐implantation pig embryos. Also, tunicamycin was used to investigate the effects of ER stress on pig embryo development. After in vitro maturation and fertilization, presumptive pig embryos were cultured in NCSU‐23 medium supplemented with TUDCA or TM for 6 days at 39°C, 5% CO2 in air. All data were analysed using one‐way anova and Duncan’s multiple range test in the statistical analysis system (SAS). In addition, we also determined the optimal TM and TUDCA concentrations. Samples were treated with TM at concentrations of 0, 1, 2 or 5 μm and with TUDCA at concentrations of 0, 100, 200 or 300 μm. When TM was used during in vitro culture, only 8.2% (8/97) of the embryos developed to the blastocyst stage when the treatment concentration was 1 μm compared with 27.4% (28/102) of the embryos in the control group (p < 0.05). In contrast, the frequency of blastocyst formation and the number of cells were higher when treated with 200 μm TUDCA compared with the control group (32.8% and 39.5 vs 22.2% and 35.6, p < 0.05). Moreover, the developmental rate to the blastocyst stage embryo in the group treated with TM and TUDCA was not significantly different from that of the control group (17.8%, 26/142 vs 24.9%, 36/145). Furthermore, the blastocyst cell number was enhanced (31.9 vs 36.9) and apoptosis reduced (TUNEL‐positive nuclei number, 6.0 vs 3.2) by TUDCA treatment in pig embryos. In the real‐time quantitative RT‐PCR analysis, the expression of anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐XL gene was shown to be increased in the blastocyst stage because of TUDCA treatment, whereas expression of pro‐apoptotic Bax was decreased. In addition, we also found that TUDCA decreased the rate of TM‐induced apoptosis in the pre‐implantation stage. Taken together, our results indicate that TUDCA improves the developmental competence of pig embryos by modulating ER stress‐induced apoptosis during the pre‐implantation stage.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>22151574</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01969.x</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Reproduction in domestic animals, 2012-10, Vol.47 (5), p.791-798 |
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| subjects | Acids air Animal reproduction Animal sciences Animals Apoptosis Apoptosis - drug effects Apoptosis - genetics Bile Biological and medical sciences Blastocyst - cytology Blastocyst - physiology carbon dioxide Cells, Cultured Embryo Culture Techniques - veterinary embryogenesis Embryology Embryonic Development - drug effects endoplasmic reticulum Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - drug effects Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - physiology Female Fertilization in Vitro - veterinary Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology genes Hogs In Situ Nick-End Labeling in vitro culture Mammalian reproduction. General aspects Oocytes - physiology RNA, Messenger - analysis statistical analysis Sus scrofa - embryology swine Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid - pharmacology tunicamycin Tunicamycin - pharmacology Vertebrates: reproduction |
| title | Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Enhances the Pre‐Implantation Embryo Development by Reducing Apoptosis in Pigs |
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