Awareness and impact of New York City's graphic point-of-sale tobacco health warning signs
Background To increase knowledge of smoking-related health risks and provide smoking cessation information at the point of sale, in 2009, New York City required the posting of graphic point-of-sale tobacco health warnings in tobacco retailers. This study is the first to evaluate the impact of such a...
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| creator | Coady, Micaela H Chan, Christina A Auer, Kari Farley, Shannon M Kilgore, Elizabeth A Kansagra, Susan M |
| description | Background To increase knowledge of smoking-related health risks and provide smoking cessation information at the point of sale, in 2009, New York City required the posting of graphic point-of-sale tobacco health warnings in tobacco retailers. This study is the first to evaluate the impact of such a policy in the USA. Methods Cross-sectional street-intercept surveys conducted among adult current smokers and recent quitters before and after signage implementation assessed the awareness and impact of the signs. Approximately 10 street-intercept surveys were conducted at each of 50 tobacco retailers in New York City before and after policy implementation. A total of 1007 adults who were either current smokers or recent quitters were surveyed about the awareness and impact of tobacco health warning signs. Multivariate risk ratios (RR) were calculated to estimate awareness and impact of the signs. Results Most participants (86%) were current smokers, and the sample was 28% African–American, 32% Hispanic/Latino and 27% non-Hispanic white. Awareness of tobacco health warning signs more than doubled after the policy implementation (adjusted RR =2.01, 95% CI 1.74 to 2.33). Signage posting was associated with an 11% increase in the extent to which signs made respondents think about quitting smoking (adjusted RR =1.11, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.22). Conclusions A policy requiring tobacco retailers to display graphic health warning signs increased awareness of health risks of smoking and stimulated thoughts about quitting smoking. Additional research aimed at evaluating the effect of tobacco control measures in the retail environment is necessary to provide further rationale for implementing these changes. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050261 |
| format | Article |
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This study is the first to evaluate the impact of such a policy in the USA. Methods Cross-sectional street-intercept surveys conducted among adult current smokers and recent quitters before and after signage implementation assessed the awareness and impact of the signs. Approximately 10 street-intercept surveys were conducted at each of 50 tobacco retailers in New York City before and after policy implementation. A total of 1007 adults who were either current smokers or recent quitters were surveyed about the awareness and impact of tobacco health warning signs. Multivariate risk ratios (RR) were calculated to estimate awareness and impact of the signs. Results Most participants (86%) were current smokers, and the sample was 28% African–American, 32% Hispanic/Latino and 27% non-Hispanic white. Awareness of tobacco health warning signs more than doubled after the policy implementation (adjusted RR =2.01, 95% CI 1.74 to 2.33). Signage posting was associated with an 11% increase in the extent to which signs made respondents think about quitting smoking (adjusted RR =1.11, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.22). Conclusions A policy requiring tobacco retailers to display graphic health warning signs increased awareness of health risks of smoking and stimulated thoughts about quitting smoking. Additional research aimed at evaluating the effect of tobacco control measures in the retail environment is necessary to provide further rationale for implementing these changes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0964-4563</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1468-3318</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050261</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22730446</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><subject>Adult ; Adults ; advertising and promotion ; cessation ; Cigarettes ; Commerce ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; graphic health warnings ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Policy ; Health Promotion - methods ; Health risk assessment ; Health risks ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; New York City ; Pharmacy ; Polls & surveys ; prevention ; Product Labeling ; Psychometrics ; public policy ; Retail stores ; Signs ; Smoking ; Smoking - adverse effects ; Smoking - psychology ; Smoking cessation ; Smoking Cessation - methods ; Smoking Cessation - psychology ; Smoking Prevention ; Social Control Policies ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Supermarkets ; Tobacco ; Tobacco Products - adverse effects</subject><ispartof>Tobacco control, 2013-05, Vol.22 (e1), p.e51-e56</ispartof><rights>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions</rights><rights>Copyright: 2013 Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b464t-1efb78b280f4782c16e2d99c04bdad035cb81c74ea7832b3df88a4669d9cab4e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b464t-1efb78b280f4782c16e2d99c04bdad035cb81c74ea7832b3df88a4669d9cab4e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/22/e1/e51.full.pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Gbmj$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/22/e1/e51.full$$EHTML$$P50$$Gbmj$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>114,115,314,780,784,3187,23562,27915,27916,77361,77392</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22730446$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Coady, Micaela H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chan, Christina A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Auer, Kari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Farley, Shannon M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kilgore, Elizabeth A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kansagra, Susan M</creatorcontrib><title>Awareness and impact of New York City's graphic point-of-sale tobacco health warning signs</title><title>Tobacco control</title><addtitle>Tob Control</addtitle><description>Background To increase knowledge of smoking-related health risks and provide smoking cessation information at the point of sale, in 2009, New York City required the posting of graphic point-of-sale tobacco health warnings in tobacco retailers. This study is the first to evaluate the impact of such a policy in the USA. Methods Cross-sectional street-intercept surveys conducted among adult current smokers and recent quitters before and after signage implementation assessed the awareness and impact of the signs. Approximately 10 street-intercept surveys were conducted at each of 50 tobacco retailers in New York City before and after policy implementation. A total of 1007 adults who were either current smokers or recent quitters were surveyed about the awareness and impact of tobacco health warning signs. Multivariate risk ratios (RR) were calculated to estimate awareness and impact of the signs. Results Most participants (86%) were current smokers, and the sample was 28% African–American, 32% Hispanic/Latino and 27% non-Hispanic white. Awareness of tobacco health warning signs more than doubled after the policy implementation (adjusted RR =2.01, 95% CI 1.74 to 2.33). Signage posting was associated with an 11% increase in the extent to which signs made respondents think about quitting smoking (adjusted RR =1.11, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.22). Conclusions A policy requiring tobacco retailers to display graphic health warning signs increased awareness of health risks of smoking and stimulated thoughts about quitting smoking. Additional research aimed at evaluating the effect of tobacco control measures in the retail environment is necessary to provide further rationale for implementing these changes.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adults</subject><subject>advertising and promotion</subject><subject>cessation</subject><subject>Cigarettes</subject><subject>Commerce</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>graphic health warnings</subject><subject>Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice</subject><subject>Health Policy</subject><subject>Health Promotion - methods</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>New York City</subject><subject>Pharmacy</subject><subject>Polls & surveys</subject><subject>prevention</subject><subject>Product Labeling</subject><subject>Psychometrics</subject><subject>public policy</subject><subject>Retail stores</subject><subject>Signs</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Smoking - adverse effects</subject><subject>Smoking - psychology</subject><subject>Smoking cessation</subject><subject>Smoking Cessation - methods</subject><subject>Smoking Cessation - psychology</subject><subject>Smoking Prevention</subject><subject>Social Control Policies</subject><subject>Socioeconomic Factors</subject><subject>Supermarkets</subject><subject>Tobacco</subject><subject>Tobacco Products - adverse effects</subject><issn>0964-4563</issn><issn>1468-3318</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNqVkc1u1DAUhS1ERYfCKyALFrAx-C92wq6KWkBqy4L_bizbcWYyTexge1T69niUoRLsWHnh7557dD8AnhP8mhAm3uRgtLXBBp9jGBHFhCBcYSrIA7AiXNSIMVI_BCvcCI54JdgxeJzSFmPCZEUegWNKJcOcixW4Pr3V0XmXEtS-g8M0a5th6OGVu4U_QryB7ZDvXia4jnreDBbOYfAZhR4lPTp4qAI3To95A0uWH_wapmHt0xNw1OsxuaeH9wR8OT_73L5HFx_ffWhPL5DhgmdEXG9kbWiNey5raolwtGsai7npdIdZZU1NrOROy5pRw7q-rjUXoukaqw137AS8WnLnGH7uXMpqGpJ146i9C7ukCKtkhUsQLeiLf9Bt2EVf2ilSdmNMG7an3i6UjSGl6Ho1x2HS8U4RrPYG1N8G1N6AWgyU4WeHFTszue5-9M_JC4AWYEjZ_br_1_FGCVn8qKuvrbr8_qm6lu031RS-Wngzbf-nyG8W0Kci</recordid><startdate>20130501</startdate><enddate>20130501</enddate><creator>Coady, Micaela H</creator><creator>Chan, Christina A</creator><creator>Auer, Kari</creator><creator>Farley, Shannon M</creator><creator>Kilgore, Elizabeth A</creator><creator>Kansagra, Susan M</creator><general>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</general><general>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>883</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BTHHO</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0F</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130501</creationdate><title>Awareness and impact of New York City's graphic point-of-sale tobacco health warning signs</title><author>Coady, Micaela H ; Chan, Christina A ; Auer, Kari ; Farley, Shannon M ; Kilgore, Elizabeth A ; Kansagra, Susan M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b464t-1efb78b280f4782c16e2d99c04bdad035cb81c74ea7832b3df88a4669d9cab4e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Adults</topic><topic>advertising and promotion</topic><topic>cessation</topic><topic>Cigarettes</topic><topic>Commerce</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>graphic health warnings</topic><topic>Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice</topic><topic>Health Policy</topic><topic>Health Promotion - methods</topic><topic>Health risk assessment</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>New York City</topic><topic>Pharmacy</topic><topic>Polls & surveys</topic><topic>prevention</topic><topic>Product Labeling</topic><topic>Psychometrics</topic><topic>public policy</topic><topic>Retail stores</topic><topic>Signs</topic><topic>Smoking</topic><topic>Smoking - adverse effects</topic><topic>Smoking - psychology</topic><topic>Smoking cessation</topic><topic>Smoking Cessation - methods</topic><topic>Smoking Cessation - psychology</topic><topic>Smoking Prevention</topic><topic>Social Control Policies</topic><topic>Socioeconomic Factors</topic><topic>Supermarkets</topic><topic>Tobacco</topic><topic>Tobacco Products - adverse effects</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Coady, Micaela H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chan, Christina A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Auer, Kari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Farley, Shannon M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kilgore, Elizabeth A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kansagra, Susan M</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>BMJ Journals</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Tobacco control</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Coady, Micaela H</au><au>Chan, Christina A</au><au>Auer, Kari</au><au>Farley, Shannon M</au><au>Kilgore, Elizabeth A</au><au>Kansagra, Susan M</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Awareness and impact of New York City's graphic point-of-sale tobacco health warning signs</atitle><jtitle>Tobacco control</jtitle><addtitle>Tob Control</addtitle><date>2013-05-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>22</volume><issue>e1</issue><spage>e51</spage><epage>e56</epage><pages>e51-e56</pages><issn>0964-4563</issn><eissn>1468-3318</eissn><abstract>Background To increase knowledge of smoking-related health risks and provide smoking cessation information at the point of sale, in 2009, New York City required the posting of graphic point-of-sale tobacco health warnings in tobacco retailers. This study is the first to evaluate the impact of such a policy in the USA. Methods Cross-sectional street-intercept surveys conducted among adult current smokers and recent quitters before and after signage implementation assessed the awareness and impact of the signs. Approximately 10 street-intercept surveys were conducted at each of 50 tobacco retailers in New York City before and after policy implementation. A total of 1007 adults who were either current smokers or recent quitters were surveyed about the awareness and impact of tobacco health warning signs. Multivariate risk ratios (RR) were calculated to estimate awareness and impact of the signs. Results Most participants (86%) were current smokers, and the sample was 28% African–American, 32% Hispanic/Latino and 27% non-Hispanic white. Awareness of tobacco health warning signs more than doubled after the policy implementation (adjusted RR =2.01, 95% CI 1.74 to 2.33). Signage posting was associated with an 11% increase in the extent to which signs made respondents think about quitting smoking (adjusted RR =1.11, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.22). Conclusions A policy requiring tobacco retailers to display graphic health warning signs increased awareness of health risks of smoking and stimulated thoughts about quitting smoking. Additional research aimed at evaluating the effect of tobacco control measures in the retail environment is necessary to provide further rationale for implementing these changes.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</pub><pmid>22730446</pmid><doi>10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050261</doi></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Adults advertising and promotion cessation Cigarettes Commerce Cross-Sectional Studies Female graphic health warnings Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Health Policy Health Promotion - methods Health risk assessment Health risks Humans Male Middle Aged New York City Pharmacy Polls & surveys prevention Product Labeling Psychometrics public policy Retail stores Signs Smoking Smoking - adverse effects Smoking - psychology Smoking cessation Smoking Cessation - methods Smoking Cessation - psychology Smoking Prevention Social Control Policies Socioeconomic Factors Supermarkets Tobacco Tobacco Products - adverse effects |
| title | Awareness and impact of New York City's graphic point-of-sale tobacco health warning signs |
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