Mechanical alternans in human idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy is caused with impaired force–frequency relationship and enhanced poststimulation potentiation

Mechanical alternans (MA) is frequently observed in patients with heart failure, and is a predictor of cardiac events. However, there have been controversies regarding the conditions and mechanisms of MA. To clarify heart rate-dependent contractile properties related to MA, we performed incremental...

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Veröffentlicht in:Heart and vessels 2013-05, Vol.28 (3), p.336-344
Hauptverfasser: Kashimura, Takeshi, Kodama, Makoto, Tanaka, Komei, Sonoda, Keiko, Watanabe, Satoru, Ohno, Yukako, Tomita, Makoto, Obata, Hiroaki, Mitsuma, Wataru, Ito, Masahiro, Hirono, Satoru, Hanawa, Haruo, Aizawa, Yoshifusa
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container_end_page 344
container_issue 3
container_start_page 336
container_title Heart and vessels
container_volume 28
creator Kashimura, Takeshi
Kodama, Makoto
Tanaka, Komei
Sonoda, Keiko
Watanabe, Satoru
Ohno, Yukako
Tomita, Makoto
Obata, Hiroaki
Mitsuma, Wataru
Ito, Masahiro
Hirono, Satoru
Hanawa, Haruo
Aizawa, Yoshifusa
description Mechanical alternans (MA) is frequently observed in patients with heart failure, and is a predictor of cardiac events. However, there have been controversies regarding the conditions and mechanisms of MA. To clarify heart rate-dependent contractile properties related to MA, we performed incremental right atrial pacing in 17 idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients and in six control patients. The maximal increase in left ventricular d P /d t during pacing-induced tachycardia was assessed as the force gain in the force–frequency relationship (FG-FFR), and the maximal increase in left ventricular d P /d t of the first post-pacing beats was examined as the force gain in poststimulation potentiation (FG-PSP). As a result, MA was induced in 9 DCM patients (DCM MA(+)) but not in the other 8 DCM patients (DCM MA(−)), and not in any of the control patients. DCM MA(+) had significantly lower FG-FFR (34.7 ± 40.9 vs 159.4 ± 103.9 mmHg/s, P = 0.0091) and higher FG-PSP (500.0 ± 96.8 vs 321.9 ± 94.9 mmHg/s, P = 0.0017), and accordingly a wider gap between FG-PSP and FG-FFR (465.3 ± 119.4 vs 162.5 ± 123.6 mmHg/s, P = 0.0001) than DCM MA(−) patients. These characteristics of DCM MA(+) showed clear contrasts to those of the control patients. In conclusion, MA is caused with an impaired force–frequency relationship despite significant poststimulation potentiation, suggesting that MA reflects ineffective utilization of the potentiated intrinsic force during tachycardia.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s00380-012-0251-8
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However, there have been controversies regarding the conditions and mechanisms of MA. To clarify heart rate-dependent contractile properties related to MA, we performed incremental right atrial pacing in 17 idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients and in six control patients. The maximal increase in left ventricular d P /d t during pacing-induced tachycardia was assessed as the force gain in the force–frequency relationship (FG-FFR), and the maximal increase in left ventricular d P /d t of the first post-pacing beats was examined as the force gain in poststimulation potentiation (FG-PSP). As a result, MA was induced in 9 DCM patients (DCM MA(+)) but not in the other 8 DCM patients (DCM MA(−)), and not in any of the control patients. DCM MA(+) had significantly lower FG-FFR (34.7 ± 40.9 vs 159.4 ± 103.9 mmHg/s, P = 0.0091) and higher FG-PSP (500.0 ± 96.8 vs 321.9 ± 94.9 mmHg/s, P = 0.0017), and accordingly a wider gap between FG-PSP and FG-FFR (465.3 ± 119.4 vs 162.5 ± 123.6 mmHg/s, P = 0.0001) than DCM MA(−) patients. These characteristics of DCM MA(+) showed clear contrasts to those of the control patients. 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DCM MA(+) had significantly lower FG-FFR (34.7 ± 40.9 vs 159.4 ± 103.9 mmHg/s, P = 0.0091) and higher FG-PSP (500.0 ± 96.8 vs 321.9 ± 94.9 mmHg/s, P = 0.0017), and accordingly a wider gap between FG-PSP and FG-FFR (465.3 ± 119.4 vs 162.5 ± 123.6 mmHg/s, P = 0.0001) than DCM MA(−) patients. These characteristics of DCM MA(+) showed clear contrasts to those of the control patients. 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However, there have been controversies regarding the conditions and mechanisms of MA. To clarify heart rate-dependent contractile properties related to MA, we performed incremental right atrial pacing in 17 idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients and in six control patients. The maximal increase in left ventricular d P /d t during pacing-induced tachycardia was assessed as the force gain in the force–frequency relationship (FG-FFR), and the maximal increase in left ventricular d P /d t of the first post-pacing beats was examined as the force gain in poststimulation potentiation (FG-PSP). As a result, MA was induced in 9 DCM patients (DCM MA(+)) but not in the other 8 DCM patients (DCM MA(−)), and not in any of the control patients. DCM MA(+) had significantly lower FG-FFR (34.7 ± 40.9 vs 159.4 ± 103.9 mmHg/s, P = 0.0091) and higher FG-PSP (500.0 ± 96.8 vs 321.9 ± 94.9 mmHg/s, P = 0.0017), and accordingly a wider gap between FG-PSP and FG-FFR (465.3 ± 119.4 vs 162.5 ± 123.6 mmHg/s, P = 0.0001) than DCM MA(−) patients. These characteristics of DCM MA(+) showed clear contrasts to those of the control patients. In conclusion, MA is caused with an impaired force–frequency relationship despite significant poststimulation potentiation, suggesting that MA reflects ineffective utilization of the potentiated intrinsic force during tachycardia.</abstract><cop>Japan</cop><pub>Springer Japan</pub><pmid>22573070</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00380-012-0251-8</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Calcium
Cardiac arrhythmia
Cardiac Catheterization
Cardiac Pacing, Artificial
Cardiac Surgery
Cardiology
Cardiomyocytes
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - diagnosis
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - physiopathology
Cardiovascular disease
Case-Control Studies
Electrocardiography
Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac
Female
Heart Rate
Humans
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Myocardial Contraction
Original Article
Tachycardia, Ventricular - diagnosis
Tachycardia, Ventricular - physiopathology
Time Factors
Vascular Surgery
Ventricular Function, Left
Ventricular Function, Right
Ventricular Pressure
title Mechanical alternans in human idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy is caused with impaired force–frequency relationship and enhanced poststimulation potentiation
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