Toxicological Evaluation and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a Golden Gelatinous Sorghum Bran Extract
Golden gelatinous sorghum (GGS) is rich in phytochemicals and anti-oxidants. We investigated the toxicity and anti-inflammatory properties of a GGS extract. We observed no toxic effects after a daily dose of up to 5000 mg/kg body weight of the GGS extract administered orally to rats for 14 d. The ex...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry biotechnology, and biochemistry, 2013, Vol.77 (4), p.697-705 |
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| container_title | Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry |
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| creator | SHIM, Tae-Jin KIM, Tae Myoung JANG, Ki Chang KO, Jee-Yeon KIM, Dae Joong |
| description | Golden gelatinous sorghum (GGS) is rich in phytochemicals and anti-oxidants. We investigated the toxicity and anti-inflammatory properties of a GGS extract. We observed no toxic effects after a daily dose of up to 5000 mg/kg body weight of the GGS extract administered orally to rats for 14 d. The exposure of mice ears to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) caused a marked increase in ear thickness, which was significantly inhibited by treating with the GGS extract; this inhibition of inflammatory response was clearly confirmed by a histological analysis. The TPA-induced mice ear edema model, indicated that treating with the GGS extract inhibited the expression levels of such inflammatory mediators as cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. The nitric oxide level in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Raw264.7 cells in vitro was lower in the GGS extract-treated group than in the LPS-only treated group. These results suggest that sorghum would be a safe, nontoxic product, and that the GGS extract possessed significant anti-inflammatory activity. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1271/bbb.120731 |
| format | Article |
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We investigated the toxicity and anti-inflammatory properties of a GGS extract. We observed no toxic effects after a daily dose of up to 5000 mg/kg body weight of the GGS extract administered orally to rats for 14 d. The exposure of mice ears to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) caused a marked increase in ear thickness, which was significantly inhibited by treating with the GGS extract; this inhibition of inflammatory response was clearly confirmed by a histological analysis. The TPA-induced mice ear edema model, indicated that treating with the GGS extract inhibited the expression levels of such inflammatory mediators as cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. The nitric oxide level in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Raw264.7 cells in vitro was lower in the GGS extract-treated group than in the LPS-only treated group. These results suggest that sorghum would be a safe, nontoxic product, and that the GGS extract possessed significant anti-inflammatory activity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0916-8451</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1347-6947</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1271/bbb.120731</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23563532</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry</publisher><subject>12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate ; Animals ; anti-inflammatory ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - chemistry ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - toxicity ; Blood Coagulation - drug effects ; Body Weight - drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival - drug effects ; Edema - chemically induced ; Edema - drug therapy ; Female ; Gels ; golden gelatinous sorghum ; Hematologic Tests ; lipopolysaccharide ; Male ; Mice ; Nitric Oxide - metabolism ; Organ Size - drug effects ; Plant Extracts - chemistry ; Plant Extracts - pharmacology ; Plant Extracts - therapeutic use ; Plant Extracts - toxicity ; Rats ; Sorghum ; Sorghum - chemistry ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate - pharmacology ; Toxicity Tests, Acute</subject><ispartof>Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 2013, Vol.77 (4), p.697-705</ispartof><rights>2013 by Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry 2013</rights><rights>Copyright Japan Science and Technology Agency 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c624t-f566a5845b970d51c01dcb70196a9323b954ea858d672e78bc0f52409419b66f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c624t-f566a5845b970d51c01dcb70196a9323b954ea858d672e78bc0f52409419b66f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,4010,27904,27905,27906</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23563532$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>SHIM, Tae-Jin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KIM, Tae Myoung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>JANG, Ki Chang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KO, Jee-Yeon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KIM, Dae Joong</creatorcontrib><title>Toxicological Evaluation and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a Golden Gelatinous Sorghum Bran Extract</title><title>Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry</title><addtitle>Biosci Biotechnol Biochem</addtitle><description>Golden gelatinous sorghum (GGS) is rich in phytochemicals and anti-oxidants. We investigated the toxicity and anti-inflammatory properties of a GGS extract. We observed no toxic effects after a daily dose of up to 5000 mg/kg body weight of the GGS extract administered orally to rats for 14 d. The exposure of mice ears to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) caused a marked increase in ear thickness, which was significantly inhibited by treating with the GGS extract; this inhibition of inflammatory response was clearly confirmed by a histological analysis. The TPA-induced mice ear edema model, indicated that treating with the GGS extract inhibited the expression levels of such inflammatory mediators as cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. The nitric oxide level in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Raw264.7 cells in vitro was lower in the GGS extract-treated group than in the LPS-only treated group. These results suggest that sorghum would be a safe, nontoxic product, and that the GGS extract possessed significant anti-inflammatory activity.</description><subject>12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>anti-inflammatory</subject><subject>Anti-Inflammatory Agents - chemistry</subject><subject>Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Anti-Inflammatory Agents - toxicity</subject><subject>Blood Coagulation - drug effects</subject><subject>Body Weight - drug effects</subject><subject>Cell Line</subject><subject>Cell Survival - drug effects</subject><subject>Edema - chemically induced</subject><subject>Edema - drug therapy</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gels</subject><subject>golden gelatinous sorghum</subject><subject>Hematologic Tests</subject><subject>lipopolysaccharide</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Nitric Oxide - metabolism</subject><subject>Organ Size - drug effects</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - chemistry</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - pharmacology</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - toxicity</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Sorghum</subject><subject>Sorghum - chemistry</subject><subject>Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate - pharmacology</subject><subject>Toxicity Tests, Acute</subject><issn>0916-8451</issn><issn>1347-6947</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0U9vFCEYBnBiNHatXvwAhsSLaTLKf2aOa7NdmzTxYD0TYKDSMFCBqd1vL2arB2PiCUJ-PHnhAeA1Ru8xkfiDMaZvkKT4CdhgyuQgJiafgg2asBhGxvEJeFHrLUL9gOPn4IRQLiinZAPsdX4INsd8E6yOcHev46pbyAnqNMNtamG4TD7qZdEtlwPc2hbuQzvA7KGG-xxnl-DexX4n5bXCL7ncfFsX-LHoBHcPrWjbXoJnXsfqXj2up-Drxe76_NNw9Xl_eb69GqwgrA2eC6F5H9dMEs0cW4RnayTCk9ATJdRMnDk98nEWkjg5Gos8JwxNDE9GCE9Pwbtj7l3J31dXm1pCtS5GnVyfTWHBJCJoROT_lDLBR8xH0enbv-htXkvqD1GYyR4mMMFdnR2VLbnW4ry6K2HR5aAwUr9aUr0ldWyp4zePkatZ3PyH_q6lA34EIflcFv0jlzirpg8xF99_1oaq6D-CfwKrUZ1C</recordid><startdate>2013</startdate><enddate>2013</enddate><creator>SHIM, Tae-Jin</creator><creator>KIM, Tae Myoung</creator><creator>JANG, Ki Chang</creator><creator>KO, Jee-Yeon</creator><creator>KIM, Dae Joong</creator><general>Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry</general><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2013</creationdate><title>Toxicological Evaluation and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a Golden Gelatinous Sorghum Bran Extract</title><author>SHIM, Tae-Jin ; KIM, Tae Myoung ; JANG, Ki Chang ; KO, Jee-Yeon ; KIM, Dae Joong</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c624t-f566a5845b970d51c01dcb70196a9323b954ea858d672e78bc0f52409419b66f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>anti-inflammatory</topic><topic>Anti-Inflammatory Agents - chemistry</topic><topic>Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Anti-Inflammatory Agents - toxicity</topic><topic>Blood Coagulation - drug effects</topic><topic>Body Weight - drug effects</topic><topic>Cell Line</topic><topic>Cell Survival - drug effects</topic><topic>Edema - chemically induced</topic><topic>Edema - drug therapy</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gels</topic><topic>golden gelatinous sorghum</topic><topic>Hematologic Tests</topic><topic>lipopolysaccharide</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Nitric Oxide - metabolism</topic><topic>Organ Size - drug effects</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - chemistry</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - pharmacology</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - toxicity</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Sorghum</topic><topic>Sorghum - chemistry</topic><topic>Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate - pharmacology</topic><topic>Toxicity Tests, Acute</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>SHIM, Tae-Jin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KIM, Tae Myoung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>JANG, Ki Chang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KO, Jee-Yeon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KIM, Dae Joong</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>SHIM, Tae-Jin</au><au>KIM, Tae Myoung</au><au>JANG, Ki Chang</au><au>KO, Jee-Yeon</au><au>KIM, Dae Joong</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Toxicological Evaluation and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a Golden Gelatinous Sorghum Bran Extract</atitle><jtitle>Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry</jtitle><addtitle>Biosci Biotechnol Biochem</addtitle><date>2013</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>77</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>697</spage><epage>705</epage><pages>697-705</pages><issn>0916-8451</issn><eissn>1347-6947</eissn><abstract>Golden gelatinous sorghum (GGS) is rich in phytochemicals and anti-oxidants. We investigated the toxicity and anti-inflammatory properties of a GGS extract. We observed no toxic effects after a daily dose of up to 5000 mg/kg body weight of the GGS extract administered orally to rats for 14 d. The exposure of mice ears to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) caused a marked increase in ear thickness, which was significantly inhibited by treating with the GGS extract; this inhibition of inflammatory response was clearly confirmed by a histological analysis. The TPA-induced mice ear edema model, indicated that treating with the GGS extract inhibited the expression levels of such inflammatory mediators as cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. The nitric oxide level in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Raw264.7 cells in vitro was lower in the GGS extract-treated group than in the LPS-only treated group. These results suggest that sorghum would be a safe, nontoxic product, and that the GGS extract possessed significant anti-inflammatory activity.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry</pub><pmid>23563532</pmid><doi>10.1271/bbb.120731</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate Animals anti-inflammatory Anti-Inflammatory Agents - chemistry Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use Anti-Inflammatory Agents - toxicity Blood Coagulation - drug effects Body Weight - drug effects Cell Line Cell Survival - drug effects Edema - chemically induced Edema - drug therapy Female Gels golden gelatinous sorghum Hematologic Tests lipopolysaccharide Male Mice Nitric Oxide - metabolism Organ Size - drug effects Plant Extracts - chemistry Plant Extracts - pharmacology Plant Extracts - therapeutic use Plant Extracts - toxicity Rats Sorghum Sorghum - chemistry Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate - pharmacology Toxicity Tests, Acute |
| title | Toxicological Evaluation and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a Golden Gelatinous Sorghum Bran Extract |
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