Survival of Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) Chicks in the Great Lakes Region
The Great Lakes population of Piping Plovers (Charadrius melodus) is federally endangered, numbering between 17 and 71 pairs during 1986–2011. Recovery efforts are diverse, but a major management focus is reduction of predation on eggs and chicks. We evaluated rates and potential causes of mortality...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Auk 2013-01, Vol.130 (1), p.150-160 |
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| creator | Brudney, Lauren J Arnold, Todd W Saunders, Sarah P Cuthbert, Francesca J |
| description | The Great Lakes population of Piping Plovers (Charadrius melodus) is federally endangered, numbering between 17 and 71 pairs during 1986–2011. Recovery efforts are diverse, but a major management focus is reduction of predation on eggs and chicks. We evaluated rates and potential causes of mortality for 2,143 chicks from 597 broods at 31 separate breeding sites during 1992–2011. Average daily survival rates of chicks increased from hatch until fledging (∼23 days of age), but this pattern exhibited substantial variation among breeding sites and years, so we included breeding sites and years as random effects in our models. Average (± SE) survival to fledging age was 0.556 ± 0.011. Survival increased with year (1992–2011) and declined with hatching date (28 May–25 July), with seasonal declines becoming more pronounced in recent years. Survival of chicks was reduced by heavy rain (>1 cm) during the first 3 days of life, but |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1525/auk.2012.12109 |
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Recovery efforts are diverse, but a major management focus is reduction of predation on eggs and chicks. We evaluated rates and potential causes of mortality for 2,143 chicks from 597 broods at 31 separate breeding sites during 1992–2011. Average daily survival rates of chicks increased from hatch until fledging (∼23 days of age), but this pattern exhibited substantial variation among breeding sites and years, so we included breeding sites and years as random effects in our models. Average (± SE) survival to fledging age was 0.556 ± 0.011. Survival increased with year (1992–2011) and declined with hatching date (28 May–25 July), with seasonal declines becoming more pronounced in recent years. Survival of chicks was reduced by heavy rain (>1 cm) during the first 3 days of life, but <10% of broods were affected. Although site effects were pronounced in the random effects analysis, only one covariate related to nest locations was important: chick survival decreased with proximity of nests to trees. Because broods that hatched earlier in the season had higher survival, management efforts should be focused on finding and protecting nests of early breeding pairs. In addition, because some sites have lower chick survival than others, identifying and ameliorating factors that contribute to low fledging success will likely boost productivity at these sites.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0004-8038</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1938-4254</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-4254</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2732-4613</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1525/auk.2012.12109</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Waco: University of California Press</publisher><subject>Animal behavior ; Animal reproduction ; Bird nesting ; Birds ; breeding ; Breeding sites ; Charadrius melodus ; chick survival ; Chickens ; Chicks ; eggs ; fledging success ; fledglings ; Hatching ; known-fate survival ; Lakes ; Mortality ; nesting ; Nests ; Piping Plover ; Population Biology and Demography ; Precipitation ; Predation ; Predators ; rain ; Rainfall ; shorebird ; Survival ; survival rate ; Survival rates ; trees ; Weather</subject><ispartof>The Auk, 2013-01, Vol.130 (1), p.150-160</ispartof><rights>2013 by The American Ornithologists' Union. All rights reserved. Please direct all requests for permission to photocopy or reproduce article content through the University of California Press's Rights and Permissions website, http://www.ucpressjournals.com/reprintInfo.asp.</rights><rights>2013 by The American Ornithologists’ Union</rights><rights>Copyright University of California Press Jan 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b437t-d771a0a8135af8bbb47804987ab004225bc571218dbeea3a1fdf2dcaf1ee2dcf3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b437t-d771a0a8135af8bbb47804987ab004225bc571218dbeea3a1fdf2dcaf1ee2dcf3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,4010,27900,27901,27902</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Brudney, Lauren J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arnold, Todd W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saunders, Sarah P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cuthbert, Francesca J</creatorcontrib><title>Survival of Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) Chicks in the Great Lakes Region</title><title>The Auk</title><description>The Great Lakes population of Piping Plovers (Charadrius melodus) is federally endangered, numbering between 17 and 71 pairs during 1986–2011. Recovery efforts are diverse, but a major management focus is reduction of predation on eggs and chicks. We evaluated rates and potential causes of mortality for 2,143 chicks from 597 broods at 31 separate breeding sites during 1992–2011. Average daily survival rates of chicks increased from hatch until fledging (∼23 days of age), but this pattern exhibited substantial variation among breeding sites and years, so we included breeding sites and years as random effects in our models. Average (± SE) survival to fledging age was 0.556 ± 0.011. Survival increased with year (1992–2011) and declined with hatching date (28 May–25 July), with seasonal declines becoming more pronounced in recent years. Survival of chicks was reduced by heavy rain (>1 cm) during the first 3 days of life, but <10% of broods were affected. Although site effects were pronounced in the random effects analysis, only one covariate related to nest locations was important: chick survival decreased with proximity of nests to trees. Because broods that hatched earlier in the season had higher survival, management efforts should be focused on finding and protecting nests of early breeding pairs. In addition, because some sites have lower chick survival than others, identifying and ameliorating factors that contribute to low fledging success will likely boost productivity at these sites.</description><subject>Animal behavior</subject><subject>Animal reproduction</subject><subject>Bird nesting</subject><subject>Birds</subject><subject>breeding</subject><subject>Breeding sites</subject><subject>Charadrius melodus</subject><subject>chick survival</subject><subject>Chickens</subject><subject>Chicks</subject><subject>eggs</subject><subject>fledging success</subject><subject>fledglings</subject><subject>Hatching</subject><subject>known-fate survival</subject><subject>Lakes</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>nesting</subject><subject>Nests</subject><subject>Piping Plover</subject><subject>Population Biology and Demography</subject><subject>Precipitation</subject><subject>Predation</subject><subject>Predators</subject><subject>rain</subject><subject>Rainfall</subject><subject>shorebird</subject><subject>Survival</subject><subject>survival rate</subject><subject>Survival rates</subject><subject>trees</subject><subject>Weather</subject><issn>0004-8038</issn><issn>1938-4254</issn><issn>1938-4254</issn><issn>2732-4613</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkD1PwzAQhi0EEqWwsmKJpQhS_JEQZ0QVFKRKrSidrUtit27TuNhJJf49LmFi6XQ63fOe7h6ErikZ0oQlj9BuhoxQNqSMkuwE9WjGRRSzJD5FPUJIHAnCxTm68H4d2oSIrIem89btzR4qbDWemZ2pl3hW2b1yeDBagYPSmdbjraps2fo7PFqZYuOxqXGzUnjsFDR4Ahvl8YdaGltfojMNlVdXf7WPFq8vn6O3aDIdv4-eJ1Ee87SJyjSlQEBQnoAWeZ7HqSBxJlLIw6GMJXmRpOEPUeZKAQeqS83KAjRVKlTN-2jQ7d05-9Uq38it8YWqKqiVbb2knHFBBGEsoLf_0LVtXR2uC1QwxzOW0EANO6pw1nuntNw5swX3LSmRB78y-JUHv_LXbwjcd4G1b6w7Tt90tAYrYemMl4t5mD8RQkVMBA_EQ0fkxtpaHVv4A3PPkbg</recordid><startdate>201301</startdate><enddate>201301</enddate><creator>Brudney, Lauren J</creator><creator>Arnold, Todd W</creator><creator>Saunders, Sarah P</creator><creator>Cuthbert, Francesca J</creator><general>University of California Press</general><general>American Ornithological Society</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201301</creationdate><title>Survival of Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) Chicks in the Great Lakes Region</title><author>Brudney, Lauren J ; Arnold, Todd W ; Saunders, Sarah P ; Cuthbert, Francesca J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b437t-d771a0a8135af8bbb47804987ab004225bc571218dbeea3a1fdf2dcaf1ee2dcf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Animal behavior</topic><topic>Animal reproduction</topic><topic>Bird nesting</topic><topic>Birds</topic><topic>breeding</topic><topic>Breeding sites</topic><topic>Charadrius melodus</topic><topic>chick survival</topic><topic>Chickens</topic><topic>Chicks</topic><topic>eggs</topic><topic>fledging success</topic><topic>fledglings</topic><topic>Hatching</topic><topic>known-fate survival</topic><topic>Lakes</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>nesting</topic><topic>Nests</topic><topic>Piping Plover</topic><topic>Population Biology and Demography</topic><topic>Precipitation</topic><topic>Predation</topic><topic>Predators</topic><topic>rain</topic><topic>Rainfall</topic><topic>shorebird</topic><topic>Survival</topic><topic>survival rate</topic><topic>Survival rates</topic><topic>trees</topic><topic>Weather</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Brudney, Lauren J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arnold, Todd W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saunders, Sarah P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cuthbert, Francesca J</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><jtitle>The Auk</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Brudney, Lauren J</au><au>Arnold, Todd W</au><au>Saunders, Sarah P</au><au>Cuthbert, Francesca J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Survival of Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) Chicks in the Great Lakes Region</atitle><jtitle>The Auk</jtitle><date>2013-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>130</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>150</spage><epage>160</epage><pages>150-160</pages><issn>0004-8038</issn><issn>1938-4254</issn><eissn>1938-4254</eissn><eissn>2732-4613</eissn><abstract>The Great Lakes population of Piping Plovers (Charadrius melodus) is federally endangered, numbering between 17 and 71 pairs during 1986–2011. Recovery efforts are diverse, but a major management focus is reduction of predation on eggs and chicks. We evaluated rates and potential causes of mortality for 2,143 chicks from 597 broods at 31 separate breeding sites during 1992–2011. Average daily survival rates of chicks increased from hatch until fledging (∼23 days of age), but this pattern exhibited substantial variation among breeding sites and years, so we included breeding sites and years as random effects in our models. Average (± SE) survival to fledging age was 0.556 ± 0.011. Survival increased with year (1992–2011) and declined with hatching date (28 May–25 July), with seasonal declines becoming more pronounced in recent years. Survival of chicks was reduced by heavy rain (>1 cm) during the first 3 days of life, but <10% of broods were affected. Although site effects were pronounced in the random effects analysis, only one covariate related to nest locations was important: chick survival decreased with proximity of nests to trees. Because broods that hatched earlier in the season had higher survival, management efforts should be focused on finding and protecting nests of early breeding pairs. In addition, because some sites have lower chick survival than others, identifying and ameliorating factors that contribute to low fledging success will likely boost productivity at these sites.</abstract><cop>Waco</cop><pub>University of California Press</pub><doi>10.1525/auk.2012.12109</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animal behavior Animal reproduction Bird nesting Birds breeding Breeding sites Charadrius melodus chick survival Chickens Chicks eggs fledging success fledglings Hatching known-fate survival Lakes Mortality nesting Nests Piping Plover Population Biology and Demography Precipitation Predation Predators rain Rainfall shorebird Survival survival rate Survival rates trees Weather |
| title | Survival of Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) Chicks in the Great Lakes Region |
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