Differences in onset of disease and severity of psychopathology between toxoplasmosis-related and toxoplasmosis-unrelated schizophrenia
Objective Toxoplasmosis is a lifelong parasitic disease that appears to be associated to schizophrenia. However, no distinguishing attributes in Toxoplasma‐infected schizophrenia patients have been described as yet. Method We searched for differences in symptom profile, cognitive performance and tre...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica 2013-03, Vol.127 (3), p.227-238 |
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| creator | Holub, D. Flegr, J. Dragomirecká, E. Rodriguez, M. Preiss, M. Novák, T. Čermák, J. Horáček, J. Kodym, P. Libiger, J. Höschl, C. Motlová, L. B. |
| description | Objective
Toxoplasmosis is a lifelong parasitic disease that appears to be associated to schizophrenia. However, no distinguishing attributes in Toxoplasma‐infected schizophrenia patients have been described as yet.
Method
We searched for differences in symptom profile, cognitive performance and treatment response between 194 Toxoplasma‐free and 57 (22.7%) Toxoplasma‐infected schizophrenia patients treated in Prague Psychiatric Centre between 2000 and 2010.
Results
Infected and non‐infected patients differed in severity of symptoms (P = 0.032) measured with the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS). Infected patients scored higher in positive subscale of PANSS, but not in the general and negative subscales. Infected men scored higher also in Total PANSS score, and negative, reality distortion, disorganisation and cognitive scores. Higher PANSS scores of positive, negative and disorganised psychopathology were associated with the lower titres of anti‐Toxoplasma antibodies suggesting that psychopathology deteriorates with duration of parasitic infection. Infected patients remained about 33 days longer in hospital during their last admission than uninfected ones (P = 0.003). Schizophrenia started approximately 1 year earlier in infected men and about 3 years later in infected women, no such difference was observed in uninfected subjects.
Conclusion
Latent toxoplasmosis in schizophrenia may lead to more severe positive psychopathology and perhaps less favourable course of schizophrenia. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/acps.12031 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1315617353</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1315617353</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4581-8faf359f964f85626af3163d1f9307aaa5cb5cf5dda73093d5197d65d49e06283</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkd1u1DAQhS0EokvhhgdAkRBShZTin9hJLssWWqSKfwTixvI6Y9YlGwdPQhtegNfG290tgguYm9F4vjNH1iHkPqOHLNUTY3s8ZJwKdoPMmKI0p0VR3iQzSinLVU0_7ZE7iOdplIxWt8keF4yroi5m5Oexdw4idBYw810WOoQhCy5rPIJByEzXZAjfIfphWr_3ONll6M2wDG34MmULGC4AumwIl6FvDa4CeswjtGaA5kr952bsdju0S_8j9Mtk7s1dcsuZFuHetu-TD8-fvZ-f5mevTl7Mj85yW8iK5ZUzTsja1apwlVRcpZEp0TBXC1oaY6RdSOtk05hS0Fo0ktVlo2RT1EAVr8Q-Odjc7WP4NgIOeuXRQtuaDsKImgkmFSuFFP9HeVWKisuyTujDv9DzMMYufWRNScqTNU3U4w1lY0CM4HQf_crESTOq10nqdZL6KskEP9ieHBcraK7RXXQJeLQFDFrTumg66_E3p6pKScETxzbchW9h-oelPpq_frczzzcajwNcXmtM_KpVKUqpP7480fzN26efORP6VPwCohjG9g</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1285026280</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Differences in onset of disease and severity of psychopathology between toxoplasmosis-related and toxoplasmosis-unrelated schizophrenia</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library All Journals</source><creator>Holub, D. ; Flegr, J. ; Dragomirecká, E. ; Rodriguez, M. ; Preiss, M. ; Novák, T. ; Čermák, J. ; Horáček, J. ; Kodym, P. ; Libiger, J. ; Höschl, C. ; Motlová, L. B.</creator><creatorcontrib>Holub, D. ; Flegr, J. ; Dragomirecká, E. ; Rodriguez, M. ; Preiss, M. ; Novák, T. ; Čermák, J. ; Horáček, J. ; Kodym, P. ; Libiger, J. ; Höschl, C. ; Motlová, L. B.</creatorcontrib><description>Objective
Toxoplasmosis is a lifelong parasitic disease that appears to be associated to schizophrenia. However, no distinguishing attributes in Toxoplasma‐infected schizophrenia patients have been described as yet.
Method
We searched for differences in symptom profile, cognitive performance and treatment response between 194 Toxoplasma‐free and 57 (22.7%) Toxoplasma‐infected schizophrenia patients treated in Prague Psychiatric Centre between 2000 and 2010.
Results
Infected and non‐infected patients differed in severity of symptoms (P = 0.032) measured with the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS). Infected patients scored higher in positive subscale of PANSS, but not in the general and negative subscales. Infected men scored higher also in Total PANSS score, and negative, reality distortion, disorganisation and cognitive scores. Higher PANSS scores of positive, negative and disorganised psychopathology were associated with the lower titres of anti‐Toxoplasma antibodies suggesting that psychopathology deteriorates with duration of parasitic infection. Infected patients remained about 33 days longer in hospital during their last admission than uninfected ones (P = 0.003). Schizophrenia started approximately 1 year earlier in infected men and about 3 years later in infected women, no such difference was observed in uninfected subjects.
Conclusion
Latent toxoplasmosis in schizophrenia may lead to more severe positive psychopathology and perhaps less favourable course of schizophrenia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0001-690X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1600-0447</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/acps.12031</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23126494</identifier><identifier>CODEN: APYSA9</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Antibodies ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cognition Disorders - epidemiology ; Cognition Disorders - parasitology ; Cognition Disorders - psychology ; Cognitive ability ; Czech Republic ; Emotional behavior ; Female ; Hospitals ; Human protozoal diseases ; Humans ; illness onset ; Infection ; infection theory ; Infectious diseases ; Length of Stay - statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Mental disorders ; Middle Aged ; Parasitic diseases ; Protozoal diseases ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Psychoses ; Schizophrenia ; Schizophrenia - epidemiology ; Schizophrenia - parasitology ; Schizophrenic Psychology ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sex Distribution ; Toxoplasma gondii ; Toxoplasmosis ; Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - epidemiology ; Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - psychology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2013-03, Vol.127 (3), p.227-238</ispartof><rights>2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd.</rights><rights>2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4581-8faf359f964f85626af3163d1f9307aaa5cb5cf5dda73093d5197d65d49e06283</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4581-8faf359f964f85626af3163d1f9307aaa5cb5cf5dda73093d5197d65d49e06283</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Facps.12031$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Facps.12031$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=26886532$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23126494$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Holub, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Flegr, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dragomirecká, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodriguez, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Preiss, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Novák, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Čermák, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Horáček, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kodym, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Libiger, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Höschl, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Motlová, L. B.</creatorcontrib><title>Differences in onset of disease and severity of psychopathology between toxoplasmosis-related and toxoplasmosis-unrelated schizophrenia</title><title>Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica</title><addtitle>Acta Psychiatr Scand</addtitle><description>Objective
Toxoplasmosis is a lifelong parasitic disease that appears to be associated to schizophrenia. However, no distinguishing attributes in Toxoplasma‐infected schizophrenia patients have been described as yet.
Method
We searched for differences in symptom profile, cognitive performance and treatment response between 194 Toxoplasma‐free and 57 (22.7%) Toxoplasma‐infected schizophrenia patients treated in Prague Psychiatric Centre between 2000 and 2010.
Results
Infected and non‐infected patients differed in severity of symptoms (P = 0.032) measured with the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS). Infected patients scored higher in positive subscale of PANSS, but not in the general and negative subscales. Infected men scored higher also in Total PANSS score, and negative, reality distortion, disorganisation and cognitive scores. Higher PANSS scores of positive, negative and disorganised psychopathology were associated with the lower titres of anti‐Toxoplasma antibodies suggesting that psychopathology deteriorates with duration of parasitic infection. Infected patients remained about 33 days longer in hospital during their last admission than uninfected ones (P = 0.003). Schizophrenia started approximately 1 year earlier in infected men and about 3 years later in infected women, no such difference was observed in uninfected subjects.
Conclusion
Latent toxoplasmosis in schizophrenia may lead to more severe positive psychopathology and perhaps less favourable course of schizophrenia.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cognition Disorders - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cognition Disorders - parasitology</subject><subject>Cognition Disorders - psychology</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Czech Republic</subject><subject>Emotional behavior</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Human protozoal diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>illness onset</subject><subject>Infection</subject><subject>infection theory</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Length of Stay - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Mental disorders</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Parasitic diseases</subject><subject>Protozoal diseases</subject><subject>Psychiatric Status Rating Scales</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopathology</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychoses</subject><subject>Schizophrenia</subject><subject>Schizophrenia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Schizophrenia - parasitology</subject><subject>Schizophrenic Psychology</subject><subject>Severity of Illness Index</subject><subject>Sex Distribution</subject><subject>Toxoplasma gondii</subject><subject>Toxoplasmosis</subject><subject>Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - epidemiology</subject><subject>Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - psychology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0001-690X</issn><issn>1600-0447</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkd1u1DAQhS0EokvhhgdAkRBShZTin9hJLssWWqSKfwTixvI6Y9YlGwdPQhtegNfG290tgguYm9F4vjNH1iHkPqOHLNUTY3s8ZJwKdoPMmKI0p0VR3iQzSinLVU0_7ZE7iOdplIxWt8keF4yroi5m5Oexdw4idBYw810WOoQhCy5rPIJByEzXZAjfIfphWr_3ONll6M2wDG34MmULGC4AumwIl6FvDa4CeswjtGaA5kr952bsdju0S_8j9Mtk7s1dcsuZFuHetu-TD8-fvZ-f5mevTl7Mj85yW8iK5ZUzTsja1apwlVRcpZEp0TBXC1oaY6RdSOtk05hS0Fo0ktVlo2RT1EAVr8Q-Odjc7WP4NgIOeuXRQtuaDsKImgkmFSuFFP9HeVWKisuyTujDv9DzMMYufWRNScqTNU3U4w1lY0CM4HQf_crESTOq10nqdZL6KskEP9ieHBcraK7RXXQJeLQFDFrTumg66_E3p6pKScETxzbchW9h-oelPpq_frczzzcajwNcXmtM_KpVKUqpP7480fzN26efORP6VPwCohjG9g</recordid><startdate>201303</startdate><enddate>201303</enddate><creator>Holub, D.</creator><creator>Flegr, J.</creator><creator>Dragomirecká, E.</creator><creator>Rodriguez, M.</creator><creator>Preiss, M.</creator><creator>Novák, T.</creator><creator>Čermák, J.</creator><creator>Horáček, J.</creator><creator>Kodym, P.</creator><creator>Libiger, J.</creator><creator>Höschl, C.</creator><creator>Motlová, L. B.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Blackwell</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>M7N</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201303</creationdate><title>Differences in onset of disease and severity of psychopathology between toxoplasmosis-related and toxoplasmosis-unrelated schizophrenia</title><author>Holub, D. ; Flegr, J. ; Dragomirecká, E. ; Rodriguez, M. ; Preiss, M. ; Novák, T. ; Čermák, J. ; Horáček, J. ; Kodym, P. ; Libiger, J. ; Höschl, C. ; Motlová, L. B.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4581-8faf359f964f85626af3163d1f9307aaa5cb5cf5dda73093d5197d65d49e06283</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Antibodies</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cognition Disorders - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cognition Disorders - parasitology</topic><topic>Cognition Disorders - psychology</topic><topic>Cognitive ability</topic><topic>Czech Republic</topic><topic>Emotional behavior</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Human protozoal diseases</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>illness onset</topic><topic>Infection</topic><topic>infection theory</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Length of Stay - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Mental disorders</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Parasitic diseases</topic><topic>Protozoal diseases</topic><topic>Psychiatric Status Rating Scales</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychopathology</topic><topic>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychoses</topic><topic>Schizophrenia</topic><topic>Schizophrenia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Schizophrenia - parasitology</topic><topic>Schizophrenic Psychology</topic><topic>Severity of Illness Index</topic><topic>Sex Distribution</topic><topic>Toxoplasma gondii</topic><topic>Toxoplasmosis</topic><topic>Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - epidemiology</topic><topic>Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - psychology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Holub, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Flegr, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dragomirecká, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodriguez, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Preiss, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Novák, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Čermák, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Horáček, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kodym, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Libiger, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Höschl, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Motlová, L. B.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><jtitle>Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Holub, D.</au><au>Flegr, J.</au><au>Dragomirecká, E.</au><au>Rodriguez, M.</au><au>Preiss, M.</au><au>Novák, T.</au><au>Čermák, J.</au><au>Horáček, J.</au><au>Kodym, P.</au><au>Libiger, J.</au><au>Höschl, C.</au><au>Motlová, L. B.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Differences in onset of disease and severity of psychopathology between toxoplasmosis-related and toxoplasmosis-unrelated schizophrenia</atitle><jtitle>Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica</jtitle><addtitle>Acta Psychiatr Scand</addtitle><date>2013-03</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>127</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>227</spage><epage>238</epage><pages>227-238</pages><issn>0001-690X</issn><eissn>1600-0447</eissn><coden>APYSA9</coden><abstract>Objective
Toxoplasmosis is a lifelong parasitic disease that appears to be associated to schizophrenia. However, no distinguishing attributes in Toxoplasma‐infected schizophrenia patients have been described as yet.
Method
We searched for differences in symptom profile, cognitive performance and treatment response between 194 Toxoplasma‐free and 57 (22.7%) Toxoplasma‐infected schizophrenia patients treated in Prague Psychiatric Centre between 2000 and 2010.
Results
Infected and non‐infected patients differed in severity of symptoms (P = 0.032) measured with the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS). Infected patients scored higher in positive subscale of PANSS, but not in the general and negative subscales. Infected men scored higher also in Total PANSS score, and negative, reality distortion, disorganisation and cognitive scores. Higher PANSS scores of positive, negative and disorganised psychopathology were associated with the lower titres of anti‐Toxoplasma antibodies suggesting that psychopathology deteriorates with duration of parasitic infection. Infected patients remained about 33 days longer in hospital during their last admission than uninfected ones (P = 0.003). Schizophrenia started approximately 1 year earlier in infected men and about 3 years later in infected women, no such difference was observed in uninfected subjects.
Conclusion
Latent toxoplasmosis in schizophrenia may lead to more severe positive psychopathology and perhaps less favourable course of schizophrenia.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>23126494</pmid><doi>10.1111/acps.12031</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library All Journals |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Antibodies Biological and medical sciences Cognition Disorders - epidemiology Cognition Disorders - parasitology Cognition Disorders - psychology Cognitive ability Czech Republic Emotional behavior Female Hospitals Human protozoal diseases Humans illness onset Infection infection theory Infectious diseases Length of Stay - statistics & numerical data Male Medical sciences Mental disorders Middle Aged Parasitic diseases Protozoal diseases Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Psychiatry Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology Psychopathology. Psychiatry Psychoses Schizophrenia Schizophrenia - epidemiology Schizophrenia - parasitology Schizophrenic Psychology Severity of Illness Index Sex Distribution Toxoplasma gondii Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - epidemiology Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - psychology Young Adult |
| title | Differences in onset of disease and severity of psychopathology between toxoplasmosis-related and toxoplasmosis-unrelated schizophrenia |
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