Sand Ripples and Dunes

An erodible bed sheared by a fluid flow, gas or liquid, is generally unstable, and bed forms grow. This review discusses the following issues, in light of the recent literature: What are the relevant dynamical mechanisms controlling the emergence of bed forms? Do they form by linear instability or n...

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Veröffentlicht in:Annual review of fluid mechanics 2013-01, Vol.45 (1), p.469-493
Hauptverfasser: Charru, François, Andreotti, Bruno, Claudin, Philippe
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container_title Annual review of fluid mechanics
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creator Charru, François
Andreotti, Bruno
Claudin, Philippe
description An erodible bed sheared by a fluid flow, gas or liquid, is generally unstable, and bed forms grow. This review discusses the following issues, in light of the recent literature: What are the relevant dynamical mechanisms controlling the emergence of bed forms? Do they form by linear instability or nonlinear processes such as pattern coarsening? What determines their timescales and length scales, so different in air and water? What are the similarities and differences between aeolian and subaqueous patterns? What is the influence of the mode of transport: bed load, saltation, or suspension? Can bed forms emerge under any hydrodynamical regime, laminar and turbulent? Guided by these questions, we propose a unified description of bed-form growth and saturation, emphasizing the hydrodynamical regime in the inner layer and the relaxation phenomena associated with particle transport.
doi_str_mv 10.1146/annurev-fluid-011212-140806
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source Annual Reviews Complete A-Z List
subjects Applied sciences
bed forms
Buildings. Public works
Coarsening
Condensed Matter
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Engineering Sciences
Exact sciences and technology
Fluid dynamics
Fluid flow
Fluid mechanics
Fluids mechanics
Geomorphology, landform evolution
Hydraulic constructions
instability
laminar flow
Mechanics
Physics
relaxation phenomena
Ripples
River flow control. Flood control
Sand
sediment transport
Soft Condensed Matter
Surficial geology
Transport
Turbulence
Turbulent flow
title Sand Ripples and Dunes
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