Pulp and Periradicular Testing
Abstract Pulp and periradicular testing is crucial to the initial trauma evaluation and to subsequent monitoring of the traumatized teeth and supporting structures. An accurate diagnosis serves as the basis for therapeutic intervention and helps to ensure that destruction of the dental structures wi...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of endodontics 2013-03, Vol.39 (3), p.S13-S19 |
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description | Abstract Pulp and periradicular testing is crucial to the initial trauma evaluation and to subsequent monitoring of the traumatized teeth and supporting structures. An accurate diagnosis serves as the basis for therapeutic intervention and helps to ensure that destruction of the dental structures will be minimized and function will be regained. The purpose of this review is to present the current best evidence for accurate diagnostic testing of the pulp and periapex of traumatized teeth. Five databases were searched for literature pertaining to pulpal testing and trauma. Widely recognized textbooks were also consulted. Currently used pulp vitality testing is constrained by its subjective character and by the fact that it is a measure of neuronal status and not true pulpal viability. Tests that measure tissue perfusion more accurately reflect pulpal vitality, but they are not available commercially. This review discusses the specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of commonly used tests, with emphasis on the applicability of certain tests to specific patient presentations in trauma. Factors that influence test selection are discussed, and specific recommendations are made on the basis of best evidence. Although differences exist between the various studies as to the accuracy of commonly used pulpal and periradicular tests, most of these have acceptable predictive value. Pulpal and periradicular tests in the trauma patient should be used in conjunction with clinical and radiographic observations to arrive at a diagnosis and treatment plan. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.joen.2012.11.047 |
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An accurate diagnosis serves as the basis for therapeutic intervention and helps to ensure that destruction of the dental structures will be minimized and function will be regained. The purpose of this review is to present the current best evidence for accurate diagnostic testing of the pulp and periapex of traumatized teeth. Five databases were searched for literature pertaining to pulpal testing and trauma. Widely recognized textbooks were also consulted. Currently used pulp vitality testing is constrained by its subjective character and by the fact that it is a measure of neuronal status and not true pulpal viability. Tests that measure tissue perfusion more accurately reflect pulpal vitality, but they are not available commercially. This review discusses the specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of commonly used tests, with emphasis on the applicability of certain tests to specific patient presentations in trauma. Factors that influence test selection are discussed, and specific recommendations are made on the basis of best evidence. Although differences exist between the various studies as to the accuracy of commonly used pulpal and periradicular tests, most of these have acceptable predictive value. Pulpal and periradicular tests in the trauma patient should be used in conjunction with clinical and radiographic observations to arrive at a diagnosis and treatment plan.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0099-2399</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1878-3554</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.11.047</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23439039</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Alveolar Process - injuries ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Brain Injuries - diagnosis ; Dental Pulp - blood supply ; Dental Pulp - injuries ; Dental Pulp Test ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Dental trauma ; Dentistry ; electric pulp test ; Endocrinology & Metabolism ; Humans ; laser Doppler flowmetry ; Oximetry ; Palpation ; Percussion ; pulse oximetry ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; sensitivity testing ; thermal tests ; Tooth Injuries - diagnosis ; Tooth Mobility ; Tooth Root - injuries ; vitality tests</subject><ispartof>Journal of endodontics, 2013-03, Vol.39 (3), p.S13-S19</ispartof><rights>American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry and American Association of Endodontists</rights><rights>2013 American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry and American Association of Endodontists</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry and American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-38be39054106ad00145b6a091bdba31ac8e4018b6e5372ab6e7e25413dab577a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-38be39054106ad00145b6a091bdba31ac8e4018b6e5372ab6e7e25413dab577a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2012.11.047$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,3552,27931,27932,46002</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23439039$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Levin, Linda Gibson, DDS, PhD</creatorcontrib><title>Pulp and Periradicular Testing</title><title>Journal of endodontics</title><addtitle>J Endod</addtitle><description>Abstract Pulp and periradicular testing is crucial to the initial trauma evaluation and to subsequent monitoring of the traumatized teeth and supporting structures. An accurate diagnosis serves as the basis for therapeutic intervention and helps to ensure that destruction of the dental structures will be minimized and function will be regained. The purpose of this review is to present the current best evidence for accurate diagnostic testing of the pulp and periapex of traumatized teeth. Five databases were searched for literature pertaining to pulpal testing and trauma. Widely recognized textbooks were also consulted. Currently used pulp vitality testing is constrained by its subjective character and by the fact that it is a measure of neuronal status and not true pulpal viability. Tests that measure tissue perfusion more accurately reflect pulpal vitality, but they are not available commercially. This review discusses the specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of commonly used tests, with emphasis on the applicability of certain tests to specific patient presentations in trauma. Factors that influence test selection are discussed, and specific recommendations are made on the basis of best evidence. Although differences exist between the various studies as to the accuracy of commonly used pulpal and periradicular tests, most of these have acceptable predictive value. Pulpal and periradicular tests in the trauma patient should be used in conjunction with clinical and radiographic observations to arrive at a diagnosis and treatment plan.</description><subject>Alveolar Process - injuries</subject><subject>Blood Flow Velocity</subject><subject>Brain Injuries - diagnosis</subject><subject>Dental Pulp - blood supply</subject><subject>Dental Pulp - injuries</subject><subject>Dental Pulp Test</subject><subject>Dental Stress Analysis</subject><subject>Dental trauma</subject><subject>Dentistry</subject><subject>electric pulp test</subject><subject>Endocrinology & Metabolism</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>laser Doppler flowmetry</subject><subject>Oximetry</subject><subject>Palpation</subject><subject>Percussion</subject><subject>pulse oximetry</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><subject>sensitivity testing</subject><subject>thermal tests</subject><subject>Tooth Injuries - diagnosis</subject><subject>Tooth Mobility</subject><subject>Tooth Root - injuries</subject><subject>vitality tests</subject><issn>0099-2399</issn><issn>1878-3554</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU1Lw0AQhhdRbK3-AQ-lRy-JO_vRZEEEKX5BwYL1vGw2U9mYJnW3Efrv3dDqwYOnubzvM8wzhFwCTYHC9LpKqxablFFgKUBKRXZEhpBnecKlFMdkSKlSCeNKDchZCBWlkHGenZIB44IrytWQjBddvZmYppws0DtvSme72vjJEsPWNe_n5GRl6oAXhzkibw_3y9lTMn95fJ7dzRMrpNwmPC8wAqUAOjVl3CNkMTVUQVEWhoOxOQoKeTFFyTNm4syQxTQvTSGzzPARudpzN7797OJuvXbBYl2bBtsuaOAgcsW5pDHK9lHr2xA8rvTGu7XxOw1U9150pXsvuveiAXT0EkvjA78r1lj-Vn5ExMDNPoDxyi-HXgfrsLFYOo92q8vW_c-__VO3tWucNfUH7jBUbeeb6E-DDkxT_dp_pn8MRAiwCPgGPA2GQw</recordid><startdate>20130301</startdate><enddate>20130301</enddate><creator>Levin, Linda Gibson, DDS, PhD</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130301</creationdate><title>Pulp and Periradicular Testing</title><author>Levin, Linda Gibson, DDS, PhD</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-38be39054106ad00145b6a091bdba31ac8e4018b6e5372ab6e7e25413dab577a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Alveolar Process - injuries</topic><topic>Blood Flow Velocity</topic><topic>Brain Injuries - diagnosis</topic><topic>Dental Pulp - blood supply</topic><topic>Dental Pulp - injuries</topic><topic>Dental Pulp Test</topic><topic>Dental Stress Analysis</topic><topic>Dental trauma</topic><topic>Dentistry</topic><topic>electric pulp test</topic><topic>Endocrinology & Metabolism</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>laser Doppler flowmetry</topic><topic>Oximetry</topic><topic>Palpation</topic><topic>Percussion</topic><topic>pulse oximetry</topic><topic>Sensitivity and Specificity</topic><topic>sensitivity testing</topic><topic>thermal tests</topic><topic>Tooth Injuries - diagnosis</topic><topic>Tooth Mobility</topic><topic>Tooth Root - injuries</topic><topic>vitality tests</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Levin, Linda Gibson, DDS, PhD</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of endodontics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Levin, Linda Gibson, DDS, PhD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Pulp and Periradicular Testing</atitle><jtitle>Journal of endodontics</jtitle><addtitle>J Endod</addtitle><date>2013-03-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>39</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>S13</spage><epage>S19</epage><pages>S13-S19</pages><issn>0099-2399</issn><eissn>1878-3554</eissn><abstract>Abstract Pulp and periradicular testing is crucial to the initial trauma evaluation and to subsequent monitoring of the traumatized teeth and supporting structures. An accurate diagnosis serves as the basis for therapeutic intervention and helps to ensure that destruction of the dental structures will be minimized and function will be regained. The purpose of this review is to present the current best evidence for accurate diagnostic testing of the pulp and periapex of traumatized teeth. Five databases were searched for literature pertaining to pulpal testing and trauma. Widely recognized textbooks were also consulted. Currently used pulp vitality testing is constrained by its subjective character and by the fact that it is a measure of neuronal status and not true pulpal viability. Tests that measure tissue perfusion more accurately reflect pulpal vitality, but they are not available commercially. This review discusses the specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of commonly used tests, with emphasis on the applicability of certain tests to specific patient presentations in trauma. Factors that influence test selection are discussed, and specific recommendations are made on the basis of best evidence. Although differences exist between the various studies as to the accuracy of commonly used pulpal and periradicular tests, most of these have acceptable predictive value. Pulpal and periradicular tests in the trauma patient should be used in conjunction with clinical and radiographic observations to arrive at a diagnosis and treatment plan.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>23439039</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.joen.2012.11.047</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Alveolar Process - injuries Blood Flow Velocity Brain Injuries - diagnosis Dental Pulp - blood supply Dental Pulp - injuries Dental Pulp Test Dental Stress Analysis Dental trauma Dentistry electric pulp test Endocrinology & Metabolism Humans laser Doppler flowmetry Oximetry Palpation Percussion pulse oximetry Sensitivity and Specificity sensitivity testing thermal tests Tooth Injuries - diagnosis Tooth Mobility Tooth Root - injuries vitality tests |
title | Pulp and Periradicular Testing |
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