Glycaemic responses to glucose and rice in people of Chinese and European ethnicity
Aims Diabetes rates are especially high in China. Risk of Type 2 diabetes increases with high intakes of white rice, a staple food of Chinese people. Ethnic differences in postprandial glycaemia have been reported. We compared glycaemic responses to glucose and five rice varieties in people of Europ...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Diabetic medicine 2013-03, Vol.30 (3), p.e101-e107 |
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| container_title | Diabetic medicine |
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| creator | Kataoka, M. Venn, B. J. Williams, S. M. Te Morenga, L. A. Heemels, I. M. Mann, J. I. |
| description | Aims
Diabetes rates are especially high in China. Risk of Type 2 diabetes increases with high intakes of white rice, a staple food of Chinese people. Ethnic differences in postprandial glycaemia have been reported. We compared glycaemic responses to glucose and five rice varieties in people of European and Chinese ethnicity and examined possible determinants of ethnic differences in postprandial glycaemia.
Methods
Self‐identified Chinese (n = 32) and European (n = 31) healthy volunteers attended on eight occasions for studies following ingestion of glucose and jasmine, basmati, brown, Doongara® and parboiled rice. In addition to measuring glycaemic response, we investigated physical activity levels, extent of chewing of rice and salivary α‐amylase activity to determine whether these measures explained any differences in postprandial glycaemia.
Results
Glycaemic response, measured by incremental area under the glucose curve, was over 60% greater for the five rice varieties (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/dme.12080 |
| format | Article |
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Diabetes rates are especially high in China. Risk of Type 2 diabetes increases with high intakes of white rice, a staple food of Chinese people. Ethnic differences in postprandial glycaemia have been reported. We compared glycaemic responses to glucose and five rice varieties in people of European and Chinese ethnicity and examined possible determinants of ethnic differences in postprandial glycaemia.
Methods
Self‐identified Chinese (n = 32) and European (n = 31) healthy volunteers attended on eight occasions for studies following ingestion of glucose and jasmine, basmati, brown, Doongara® and parboiled rice. In addition to measuring glycaemic response, we investigated physical activity levels, extent of chewing of rice and salivary α‐amylase activity to determine whether these measures explained any differences in postprandial glycaemia.
Results
Glycaemic response, measured by incremental area under the glucose curve, was over 60% greater for the five rice varieties (P < 0.001) and 39% greater for glucose (P < 0.004) amongst Chinese compared with Europeans. The calculated glycaemic index was approximately 20% greater for rice varieties other than basmati (P = 0.01 to 0.05). Ethnicity [adjusted risk ratio 1.4 (1.2–1.8) P < 0.001] and rice variety were the only important determinants of incremental area under the glucose curve.
Conclusions
Glycaemic responses following ingestion of glucose and several rice varieties are appreciably greater in Chinese compared with Europeans, suggesting the need to review recommendations regarding dietary carbohydrate amongst rice‐eating populations at high risk of diabetes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0742-3071</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1464-5491</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/dme.12080</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23181689</identifier><identifier>CODEN: DIMEEV</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Area Under Curve ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group - ethnology ; Blood Glucose - metabolism ; China - ethnology ; Diabetes ; European Continental Ancestry Group - ethnology ; Female ; Glucose - pharmacology ; Glycemic Index - drug effects ; Glycemic Index - physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; New Zealand - epidemiology ; Oryza ; Postprandial Period - physiology ; Sweetening Agents - pharmacology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Diabetic medicine, 2013-03, Vol.30 (3), p.e101-e107</ispartof><rights>2012 The Authors. Diabetic Medicine © 2012 Diabetes UK</rights><rights>2012 The Authors. Diabetic Medicine © 2012 Diabetes UK.</rights><rights>Diabetic Medicine © 2013 Diabetes UK</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4570-d80f50184e69a29c6a10ccd288b235420613d0e6dca82cfbcf7c60d942365ea43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4570-d80f50184e69a29c6a10ccd288b235420613d0e6dca82cfbcf7c60d942365ea43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fdme.12080$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fdme.12080$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23181689$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kataoka, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Venn, B. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, S. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Te Morenga, L. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heemels, I. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mann, J. I.</creatorcontrib><title>Glycaemic responses to glucose and rice in people of Chinese and European ethnicity</title><title>Diabetic medicine</title><addtitle>Diabet. Med</addtitle><description>Aims
Diabetes rates are especially high in China. Risk of Type 2 diabetes increases with high intakes of white rice, a staple food of Chinese people. Ethnic differences in postprandial glycaemia have been reported. We compared glycaemic responses to glucose and five rice varieties in people of European and Chinese ethnicity and examined possible determinants of ethnic differences in postprandial glycaemia.
Methods
Self‐identified Chinese (n = 32) and European (n = 31) healthy volunteers attended on eight occasions for studies following ingestion of glucose and jasmine, basmati, brown, Doongara® and parboiled rice. In addition to measuring glycaemic response, we investigated physical activity levels, extent of chewing of rice and salivary α‐amylase activity to determine whether these measures explained any differences in postprandial glycaemia.
Results
Glycaemic response, measured by incremental area under the glucose curve, was over 60% greater for the five rice varieties (P < 0.001) and 39% greater for glucose (P < 0.004) amongst Chinese compared with Europeans. The calculated glycaemic index was approximately 20% greater for rice varieties other than basmati (P = 0.01 to 0.05). Ethnicity [adjusted risk ratio 1.4 (1.2–1.8) P < 0.001] and rice variety were the only important determinants of incremental area under the glucose curve.
Conclusions
Glycaemic responses following ingestion of glucose and several rice varieties are appreciably greater in Chinese compared with Europeans, suggesting the need to review recommendations regarding dietary carbohydrate amongst rice‐eating populations at high risk of diabetes.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Distribution</subject><subject>Area Under Curve</subject><subject>Asian Continental Ancestry Group - ethnology</subject><subject>Blood Glucose - metabolism</subject><subject>China - ethnology</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>European Continental Ancestry Group - ethnology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Glucose - pharmacology</subject><subject>Glycemic Index - drug effects</subject><subject>Glycemic Index - physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>New Zealand - epidemiology</subject><subject>Oryza</subject><subject>Postprandial Period - physiology</subject><subject>Sweetening Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0742-3071</issn><issn>1464-5491</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kE1v1DAQhi0EokvhwB9AlrjAIe2M7TjJkW63C9IWhPiSuFheZ0JdkjjYicr-e1J22wMSc5nDPO-r0cPYc4QTnOe07ugEBZTwgC1QaZXlqsKHbAGFEpmEAo_Yk5SuAVBUsnrMjoTEEnVZLdindbtzljrveKQ0hD5R4mPgP9rJhUTc9jWP3hH3PR8oDC3x0PDlle_pcF1NMQxke07jVe-dH3dP2aPGtomeHfYx-3Kx-rx8m20-rN8t32wyp_ICsrqEJgcsFenKisppi-BcLcpyK2SuBGiUNZCunS2Fa7auKZyGulJC6pysksfs1b53iOHXRGk0nU-O2tb2FKZkUKLAAqXSM_ryH_Q6TLGfv7ulitkZQD5Tr_eUiyGlSI0Zou9s3BkEc2vazKbNX9Mz--LQOG07qu_JO7UzcLoHbnxLu_83mfPL1V1ltk_4NNLv-4SNP40uZJGbb-_XZn129vHy_OvGfJd_AEwnlVA</recordid><startdate>201303</startdate><enddate>201303</enddate><creator>Kataoka, M.</creator><creator>Venn, B. J.</creator><creator>Williams, S. M.</creator><creator>Te Morenga, L. A.</creator><creator>Heemels, I. M.</creator><creator>Mann, J. I.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201303</creationdate><title>Glycaemic responses to glucose and rice in people of Chinese and European ethnicity</title><author>Kataoka, M. ; Venn, B. J. ; Williams, S. M. ; Te Morenga, L. A. ; Heemels, I. M. ; Mann, J. I.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4570-d80f50184e69a29c6a10ccd288b235420613d0e6dca82cfbcf7c60d942365ea43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age Distribution</topic><topic>Area Under Curve</topic><topic>Asian Continental Ancestry Group - ethnology</topic><topic>Blood Glucose - metabolism</topic><topic>China - ethnology</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>European Continental Ancestry Group - ethnology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Glucose - pharmacology</topic><topic>Glycemic Index - drug effects</topic><topic>Glycemic Index - physiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>New Zealand - epidemiology</topic><topic>Oryza</topic><topic>Postprandial Period - physiology</topic><topic>Sweetening Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kataoka, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Venn, B. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, S. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Te Morenga, L. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heemels, I. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mann, J. I.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Diabetic medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kataoka, M.</au><au>Venn, B. J.</au><au>Williams, S. M.</au><au>Te Morenga, L. A.</au><au>Heemels, I. M.</au><au>Mann, J. I.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Glycaemic responses to glucose and rice in people of Chinese and European ethnicity</atitle><jtitle>Diabetic medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Diabet. Med</addtitle><date>2013-03</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>30</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>e101</spage><epage>e107</epage><pages>e101-e107</pages><issn>0742-3071</issn><eissn>1464-5491</eissn><coden>DIMEEV</coden><abstract>Aims
Diabetes rates are especially high in China. Risk of Type 2 diabetes increases with high intakes of white rice, a staple food of Chinese people. Ethnic differences in postprandial glycaemia have been reported. We compared glycaemic responses to glucose and five rice varieties in people of European and Chinese ethnicity and examined possible determinants of ethnic differences in postprandial glycaemia.
Methods
Self‐identified Chinese (n = 32) and European (n = 31) healthy volunteers attended on eight occasions for studies following ingestion of glucose and jasmine, basmati, brown, Doongara® and parboiled rice. In addition to measuring glycaemic response, we investigated physical activity levels, extent of chewing of rice and salivary α‐amylase activity to determine whether these measures explained any differences in postprandial glycaemia.
Results
Glycaemic response, measured by incremental area under the glucose curve, was over 60% greater for the five rice varieties (P < 0.001) and 39% greater for glucose (P < 0.004) amongst Chinese compared with Europeans. The calculated glycaemic index was approximately 20% greater for rice varieties other than basmati (P = 0.01 to 0.05). Ethnicity [adjusted risk ratio 1.4 (1.2–1.8) P < 0.001] and rice variety were the only important determinants of incremental area under the glucose curve.
Conclusions
Glycaemic responses following ingestion of glucose and several rice varieties are appreciably greater in Chinese compared with Europeans, suggesting the need to review recommendations regarding dietary carbohydrate amongst rice‐eating populations at high risk of diabetes.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>23181689</pmid><doi>10.1111/dme.12080</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age Distribution Area Under Curve Asian Continental Ancestry Group - ethnology Blood Glucose - metabolism China - ethnology Diabetes European Continental Ancestry Group - ethnology Female Glucose - pharmacology Glycemic Index - drug effects Glycemic Index - physiology Humans Male Middle Aged New Zealand - epidemiology Oryza Postprandial Period - physiology Sweetening Agents - pharmacology Young Adult |
| title | Glycaemic responses to glucose and rice in people of Chinese and European ethnicity |
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