Cryptococcus laurentii Biofilms: Structure, Development and Antifungal Drug Resistance
A great number of fungal infections are related to biofilm formation on inert or biological surfaces, which are recalcitrant to most treatments and cause human mortality. Cryptococcus laurentii has been diagnosed as the aetiological pathogen able to cause human infections mainly in immunosuppressed...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Mycopathologia (1975) 2012-12, Vol.174 (5-6), p.409-419 |
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| creator | Ajesh, K. Sreejith, K. |
| description | A great number of fungal infections are related to biofilm formation on inert or biological surfaces, which are recalcitrant to most treatments and cause human mortality.
Cryptococcus laurentii
has been diagnosed as the aetiological pathogen able to cause human infections mainly in immunosuppressed patients and the spectrum of clinical manifestations ranges from skin lesions to fungaemia. The effect of temperature, pH and surface preconditioning on
C. laurentii
biofilm formation was determined by 2, 3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) reduction assay. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis of
C. laurentii
biofilms demonstrated surface topographies of profuse growth and dense colonization with extensive polymeric substances around the cells. In this study, we determined the activity of amphotericin B, itraconazole and fluconazole against
C. laurentii
free-living cells and biofilms. The activity of antifungals tested was greater against free-living cells, but sessile cells fell into the resistant range for these antifungal agents. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), comprising the matrix of
C. laurentii
biofilms, were isolated by ultrasonication. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was performed with ethanol-precipitated and dried samples. Also, the multielement analysis of the EPS was performed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11046-012-9575-2 |
| format | Article |
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Cryptococcus laurentii
has been diagnosed as the aetiological pathogen able to cause human infections mainly in immunosuppressed patients and the spectrum of clinical manifestations ranges from skin lesions to fungaemia. The effect of temperature, pH and surface preconditioning on
C. laurentii
biofilm formation was determined by 2, 3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) reduction assay. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis of
C. laurentii
biofilms demonstrated surface topographies of profuse growth and dense colonization with extensive polymeric substances around the cells. In this study, we determined the activity of amphotericin B, itraconazole and fluconazole against
C. laurentii
free-living cells and biofilms. The activity of antifungals tested was greater against free-living cells, but sessile cells fell into the resistant range for these antifungal agents. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), comprising the matrix of
C. laurentii
biofilms, were isolated by ultrasonication. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was performed with ethanol-precipitated and dried samples. Also, the multielement analysis of the EPS was performed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES).</description><identifier>ISSN: 0301-486X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-0832</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11046-012-9575-2</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22936102</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Amphotericin B ; Antifungal agents ; Antifungal Agents - pharmacology ; Antiparasitic agents ; Biofilms ; Biofilms - drug effects ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Colonization ; Cryptococcosis - microbiology ; Cryptococcus - chemistry ; Cryptococcus - drug effects ; Cryptococcus - growth & development ; Cryptococcus - physiology ; Cryptococcus laurentii ; Development ; Drug resistance ; Drug Resistance, Fungal ; Eukaryotic Microbiology ; fluconazole ; Fourier transforms ; Health aspects ; Humans ; Hydroxides ; I.R. spectroscopy ; Infection ; Infections ; Itraconazole ; Life Sciences ; Medical Microbiology ; Microbial Ecology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Microbiology ; Mortality ; Mycoses ; Pathogens ; pH effects ; Plant Sciences ; Skin diseases ; Spectroscopy ; Spectrum analysis ; Tamarindus - microbiology ; Temperature effects ; Topography ; Virulence ; Wine - microbiology</subject><ispartof>Mycopathologia (1975), 2012-12, Vol.174 (5-6), p.409-419</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2012 Springer</rights><rights>Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c539t-45ede15581af175ad07672e47810994379c9a13f03beae5463eb9c63698a3aec3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c539t-45ede15581af175ad07672e47810994379c9a13f03beae5463eb9c63698a3aec3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11046-012-9575-2$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11046-012-9575-2$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22936102$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ajesh, K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sreejith, K.</creatorcontrib><title>Cryptococcus laurentii Biofilms: Structure, Development and Antifungal Drug Resistance</title><title>Mycopathologia (1975)</title><addtitle>Mycopathologia</addtitle><addtitle>Mycopathologia</addtitle><description>A great number of fungal infections are related to biofilm formation on inert or biological surfaces, which are recalcitrant to most treatments and cause human mortality.
Cryptococcus laurentii
has been diagnosed as the aetiological pathogen able to cause human infections mainly in immunosuppressed patients and the spectrum of clinical manifestations ranges from skin lesions to fungaemia. The effect of temperature, pH and surface preconditioning on
C. laurentii
biofilm formation was determined by 2, 3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) reduction assay. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis of
C. laurentii
biofilms demonstrated surface topographies of profuse growth and dense colonization with extensive polymeric substances around the cells. In this study, we determined the activity of amphotericin B, itraconazole and fluconazole against
C. laurentii
free-living cells and biofilms. The activity of antifungals tested was greater against free-living cells, but sessile cells fell into the resistant range for these antifungal agents. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), comprising the matrix of
C. laurentii
biofilms, were isolated by ultrasonication. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was performed with ethanol-precipitated and dried samples. Also, the multielement analysis of the EPS was performed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES).</description><subject>Amphotericin B</subject><subject>Antifungal agents</subject><subject>Antifungal Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Antiparasitic agents</subject><subject>Biofilms</subject><subject>Biofilms - drug effects</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Colonization</subject><subject>Cryptococcosis - microbiology</subject><subject>Cryptococcus - chemistry</subject><subject>Cryptococcus - drug effects</subject><subject>Cryptococcus - growth & development</subject><subject>Cryptococcus - physiology</subject><subject>Cryptococcus laurentii</subject><subject>Development</subject><subject>Drug resistance</subject><subject>Drug Resistance, Fungal</subject><subject>Eukaryotic Microbiology</subject><subject>fluconazole</subject><subject>Fourier transforms</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hydroxides</subject><subject>I.R. spectroscopy</subject><subject>Infection</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Itraconazole</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Medical Microbiology</subject><subject>Microbial Ecology</subject><subject>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Mycoses</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>pH effects</subject><subject>Plant Sciences</subject><subject>Skin diseases</subject><subject>Spectroscopy</subject><subject>Spectrum analysis</subject><subject>Tamarindus - microbiology</subject><subject>Temperature effects</subject><subject>Topography</subject><subject>Virulence</subject><subject>Wine - microbiology</subject><issn>0301-486X</issn><issn>1573-0832</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkkuLFDEUhYMoTjv6A9xIgRsFa8zNo1Jx1_b4GBgQZlTchXTqVlNDVaUnD3H-vWl6fLQokkUg9zuHe8Ih5DHQE6BUvYwAVDQ1BVZrqWTN7pAFSMVr2nJ2lywop1CLtvlyRB7EeEVpUYG6T44Y07wByhbk8yrcbJN33rkcq9HmgHMahur14PthnOKr6jKF7FJ5f1Gd4lcc_XYqSGXnrloWtM_zxo7Vacib6gLjEJOdHT4k93o7Rnx0ex-TT2_ffFy9r88_vDtbLc9rJ7lOtZDYIUjZgu1BSdtR1SiGQrVAtRZcaact8J7yNVqUouG41q7hjW4tt-j4MXm2990Gf50xJjMN0eE42hl9jgaYVKoRQtP_o6CgLVuptqBP_0CvfA5zCVIoCUIKJegvquRHM8y9T8G6nalZls1Ba9bsqJO_UOV0OA3Oz1i-GQ8Fzw8EhUn4LW1sjtGcXV4csrBnXfAxBuzNNgyTDTcGqNlVxOwrYkpFzK4ihhXNk9tweT1h91PxoxMFYHsgltG8wfBb-n-6fgekC8Ky</recordid><startdate>20121201</startdate><enddate>20121201</enddate><creator>Ajesh, K.</creator><creator>Sreejith, K.</creator><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20121201</creationdate><title>Cryptococcus laurentii Biofilms: Structure, Development and Antifungal Drug Resistance</title><author>Ajesh, K. ; Sreejith, K.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c539t-45ede15581af175ad07672e47810994379c9a13f03beae5463eb9c63698a3aec3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Amphotericin B</topic><topic>Antifungal agents</topic><topic>Antifungal Agents - 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Cryptococcus laurentii
has been diagnosed as the aetiological pathogen able to cause human infections mainly in immunosuppressed patients and the spectrum of clinical manifestations ranges from skin lesions to fungaemia. The effect of temperature, pH and surface preconditioning on
C. laurentii
biofilm formation was determined by 2, 3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) reduction assay. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis of
C. laurentii
biofilms demonstrated surface topographies of profuse growth and dense colonization with extensive polymeric substances around the cells. In this study, we determined the activity of amphotericin B, itraconazole and fluconazole against
C. laurentii
free-living cells and biofilms. The activity of antifungals tested was greater against free-living cells, but sessile cells fell into the resistant range for these antifungal agents. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), comprising the matrix of
C. laurentii
biofilms, were isolated by ultrasonication. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was performed with ethanol-precipitated and dried samples. Also, the multielement analysis of the EPS was performed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES).</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><pmid>22936102</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11046-012-9575-2</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Amphotericin B Antifungal agents Antifungal Agents - pharmacology Antiparasitic agents Biofilms Biofilms - drug effects Biomedical and Life Sciences Colonization Cryptococcosis - microbiology Cryptococcus - chemistry Cryptococcus - drug effects Cryptococcus - growth & development Cryptococcus - physiology Cryptococcus laurentii Development Drug resistance Drug Resistance, Fungal Eukaryotic Microbiology fluconazole Fourier transforms Health aspects Humans Hydroxides I.R. spectroscopy Infection Infections Itraconazole Life Sciences Medical Microbiology Microbial Ecology Microbial Sensitivity Tests Microbiology Mortality Mycoses Pathogens pH effects Plant Sciences Skin diseases Spectroscopy Spectrum analysis Tamarindus - microbiology Temperature effects Topography Virulence Wine - microbiology |
| title | Cryptococcus laurentii Biofilms: Structure, Development and Antifungal Drug Resistance |
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