Placebo effect in child and adolescent psychiatric trials
Abstract Much literature has been written in the field of child psychiatry regarding the placebo as a tool to test drug efficacy in clinical trials, but quite little regarding the placebo effect itself or its clinical use in child psychiatry. In this article, we aim to critically review the literatu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European neuropsychopharmacology 2012-11, Vol.22 (11), p.787-799 |
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| creator | Parellada, Mara Moreno, Carmen Moreno, Miguel Espliego, Ana de Portugal, Enrique Arango, Celso |
| description | Abstract Much literature has been written in the field of child psychiatry regarding the placebo as a tool to test drug efficacy in clinical trials, but quite little regarding the placebo effect itself or its clinical use in child psychiatry. In this article, we aim to critically review the literature regarding the placebo effect in children and adolescents with mental disorders, focusing especially on factors influencing the placebo effect and how they may influence the interpretation of clinical trials. The placebo effect seems to be more marked in children than adults, and particularly in children and adolescents with depression, although it is pervasive across ages and is present in non-psychiatric conditions as well. The use of a placebo in clinical trials as a comparator with drugs that have moderate efficacy at most makes it difficult to obtain positive results, and much effort is needed to design very high quality clinical trials that may overcome the limitations of using a placebo. In addition, the placebo effect across ages and clinical conditions must be tested directly (compared with no treatment whenever possible), in order to characterise which placebos work for what and to determine their use in clinical settings. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.09.007 |
| format | Article |
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In this article, we aim to critically review the literature regarding the placebo effect in children and adolescents with mental disorders, focusing especially on factors influencing the placebo effect and how they may influence the interpretation of clinical trials. The placebo effect seems to be more marked in children than adults, and particularly in children and adolescents with depression, although it is pervasive across ages and is present in non-psychiatric conditions as well. The use of a placebo in clinical trials as a comparator with drugs that have moderate efficacy at most makes it difficult to obtain positive results, and much effort is needed to design very high quality clinical trials that may overcome the limitations of using a placebo. In addition, the placebo effect across ages and clinical conditions must be tested directly (compared with no treatment whenever possible), in order to characterise which placebos work for what and to determine their use in clinical settings.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0924-977X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-7862</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.09.007</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22030230</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Adolescence ; Adolescent ; Adolescent Development - drug effects ; Adolescent psychiatry ; Age ; Child ; Child Development - drug effects ; Child psychiatry ; Children ; Clinical trials ; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic - psychology ; Depression ; Drug development ; Drugs ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Mental disorders ; Mental Disorders - drug therapy ; Mental Disorders - psychology ; Neurogenesis - drug effects ; Placebo Effect ; Placebos ; Placebos - adverse effects ; Placebos - therapeutic use ; Psychiatry ; Psychology, Adolescent - methods ; Psychology, Child - methods ; Psychopharmacology - methods ; Psychotropic Drugs - adverse effects ; Psychotropic Drugs - therapeutic use ; Reviews</subject><ispartof>European neuropsychopharmacology, 2012-11, Vol.22 (11), p.787-799</ispartof><rights>Elsevier B.V. and ECNP</rights><rights>2011 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP</rights><rights>Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c525t-1fef0f8fe9788afba7522964802ada48e65a0a9740c65d555316646228e764c03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c525t-1fef0f8fe9788afba7522964802ada48e65a0a9740c65d555316646228e764c03</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.09.007$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,3554,27933,27934,46004</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22030230$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Parellada, Mara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moreno, Carmen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moreno, Miguel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Espliego, Ana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Portugal, Enrique</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arango, Celso</creatorcontrib><title>Placebo effect in child and adolescent psychiatric trials</title><title>European neuropsychopharmacology</title><addtitle>Eur Neuropsychopharmacol</addtitle><description>Abstract Much literature has been written in the field of child psychiatry regarding the placebo as a tool to test drug efficacy in clinical trials, but quite little regarding the placebo effect itself or its clinical use in child psychiatry. In this article, we aim to critically review the literature regarding the placebo effect in children and adolescents with mental disorders, focusing especially on factors influencing the placebo effect and how they may influence the interpretation of clinical trials. The placebo effect seems to be more marked in children than adults, and particularly in children and adolescents with depression, although it is pervasive across ages and is present in non-psychiatric conditions as well. The use of a placebo in clinical trials as a comparator with drugs that have moderate efficacy at most makes it difficult to obtain positive results, and much effort is needed to design very high quality clinical trials that may overcome the limitations of using a placebo. In addition, the placebo effect across ages and clinical conditions must be tested directly (compared with no treatment whenever possible), in order to characterise which placebos work for what and to determine their use in clinical settings.</description><subject>Adolescence</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adolescent Development - drug effects</subject><subject>Adolescent psychiatry</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child Development - drug effects</subject><subject>Child psychiatry</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic - psychology</subject><subject>Depression</subject><subject>Drug development</subject><subject>Drugs</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Mental disorders</subject><subject>Mental Disorders - drug therapy</subject><subject>Mental Disorders - psychology</subject><subject>Neurogenesis - drug effects</subject><subject>Placebo Effect</subject><subject>Placebos</subject><subject>Placebos - adverse effects</subject><subject>Placebos - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology, Adolescent - methods</subject><subject>Psychology, Child - methods</subject><subject>Psychopharmacology - methods</subject><subject>Psychotropic Drugs - adverse effects</subject><subject>Psychotropic Drugs - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Reviews</subject><issn>0924-977X</issn><issn>1873-7862</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkUtr3DAQgEVoSLZp_0LrYy92R5L1uhRCSNpCoIEkkJvQyiOirdfeSnZh_33kbpJDL-1BMyC-efANIR8pNBSo_LxpcE7jsISGAaUNmAZAHZEV1YrXSkv2hqzAsLY2Sj2ckrc5bwCo4NyckFPGgAPjsCLmpnce12OFIaCfqjhU_jH2XeWG8rqxx-xxmKpd3pd_N6XoqxJcn9-R41ASvn_OZ-T-6vLu4lt9_ePr94vz69oLJqaaBgwQdECjtHZh7ZRgzMhWA3OdazVK4cAZ1YKXohNCcCplKxnTqGTrgZ-RT4e-uzT-mjFPdhvLTn3vBhznbCkTqlRLqf6NUsp4QWFB1QH1acw5YbC7FLcu7S0Fuyi2G_uq2C6KLRgLfyo_PA-Z11vsXutenBbg_ABgsfI7YrLZRxw8djEVxbYb438M-fJXD9_HIXrX_8Q95s04p6FIt9RmZsHeLpdeDk0pABNa8icA_aSr</recordid><startdate>20121101</startdate><enddate>20121101</enddate><creator>Parellada, Mara</creator><creator>Moreno, Carmen</creator><creator>Moreno, Miguel</creator><creator>Espliego, Ana</creator><creator>de Portugal, Enrique</creator><creator>Arango, Celso</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7TK</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20121101</creationdate><title>Placebo effect in child and adolescent psychiatric trials</title><author>Parellada, Mara ; Moreno, Carmen ; Moreno, Miguel ; Espliego, Ana ; de Portugal, Enrique ; Arango, Celso</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c525t-1fef0f8fe9788afba7522964802ada48e65a0a9740c65d555316646228e764c03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Adolescence</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adolescent Development - drug effects</topic><topic>Adolescent psychiatry</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child Development - drug effects</topic><topic>Child psychiatry</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Clinical trials</topic><topic>Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic - psychology</topic><topic>Depression</topic><topic>Drug development</topic><topic>Drugs</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Mental disorders</topic><topic>Mental Disorders - drug therapy</topic><topic>Mental Disorders - psychology</topic><topic>Neurogenesis - drug effects</topic><topic>Placebo Effect</topic><topic>Placebos</topic><topic>Placebos - adverse effects</topic><topic>Placebos - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology, Adolescent - methods</topic><topic>Psychology, Child - methods</topic><topic>Psychopharmacology - methods</topic><topic>Psychotropic Drugs - adverse effects</topic><topic>Psychotropic Drugs - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Reviews</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Parellada, Mara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moreno, Carmen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moreno, Miguel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Espliego, Ana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Portugal, Enrique</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arango, Celso</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><jtitle>European neuropsychopharmacology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Parellada, Mara</au><au>Moreno, Carmen</au><au>Moreno, Miguel</au><au>Espliego, Ana</au><au>de Portugal, Enrique</au><au>Arango, Celso</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Placebo effect in child and adolescent psychiatric trials</atitle><jtitle>European neuropsychopharmacology</jtitle><addtitle>Eur Neuropsychopharmacol</addtitle><date>2012-11-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>22</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>787</spage><epage>799</epage><pages>787-799</pages><issn>0924-977X</issn><eissn>1873-7862</eissn><abstract>Abstract Much literature has been written in the field of child psychiatry regarding the placebo as a tool to test drug efficacy in clinical trials, but quite little regarding the placebo effect itself or its clinical use in child psychiatry. In this article, we aim to critically review the literature regarding the placebo effect in children and adolescents with mental disorders, focusing especially on factors influencing the placebo effect and how they may influence the interpretation of clinical trials. The placebo effect seems to be more marked in children than adults, and particularly in children and adolescents with depression, although it is pervasive across ages and is present in non-psychiatric conditions as well. The use of a placebo in clinical trials as a comparator with drugs that have moderate efficacy at most makes it difficult to obtain positive results, and much effort is needed to design very high quality clinical trials that may overcome the limitations of using a placebo. In addition, the placebo effect across ages and clinical conditions must be tested directly (compared with no treatment whenever possible), in order to characterise which placebos work for what and to determine their use in clinical settings.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>22030230</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.09.007</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent Development - drug effects Adolescent psychiatry Age Child Child Development - drug effects Child psychiatry Children Clinical trials Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic - psychology Depression Drug development Drugs Humans Internal Medicine Mental disorders Mental Disorders - drug therapy Mental Disorders - psychology Neurogenesis - drug effects Placebo Effect Placebos Placebos - adverse effects Placebos - therapeutic use Psychiatry Psychology, Adolescent - methods Psychology, Child - methods Psychopharmacology - methods Psychotropic Drugs - adverse effects Psychotropic Drugs - therapeutic use Reviews |
| title | Placebo effect in child and adolescent psychiatric trials |
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