Reconstruction of the contamination of the Techa River in 1949–1951 as a result of releases from the “MAYAK” Production Association
More accurate reconstruction of the radioactive contamination of the Techa River system in 1949–1951 has been made on the basis of refined data on the amounts and the rate of discharge of radionuclides into the Techa River from the Mayak Production Association; this has led to the development of a m...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Radiation and environmental biophysics 2012-11, Vol.51 (4), p.349-366 |
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| creator | Shagina, N. B. Vorobiova, M. I. Degteva, M. O. Peremyslova, L. M. Shishkina, E. A. Anspaugh, L. R. Napier, B. A. |
| description | More accurate reconstruction of the radioactive contamination of the Techa River system in 1949–1951 has been made on the basis of refined data on the amounts and the rate of discharge of radionuclides into the Techa River from the Mayak Production Association; this has led to the development of a modified Techa River model that describes the transport of radionuclides through the up-river ponds and along the Techa River and deposition of radionuclides in the river-bottom sediments and flooded areas. The refined Techa River source-term data define more precisely the time-dependent rates of release and radionuclide composition of the releases that occurred during 1949–1951. The Techa River model takes into account the time-dependent characteristics of the releases and considers (a) the transport of radionuclides adsorbed on solid particles originally contained in the discharges or originating in the up-river ponds as a result of stirring up of contaminated bottom sediments and (b) the transport of radionuclides in soluble form. The output of the Techa River model provides concentrations of all source-term radionuclides in the river water, bottom sediments, and floodplain soils at different distances from the site of radioactive releases for the period of major contamination in 1950–1951. The outputs of the model show good agreement with historical measurements of water and sediment contamination. In addition, the river-model output for
90
Sr concentration in the river water is harmonized with retrospective estimates derived from the measurements of
90
Sr in the residents of the Techa Riverside villages. Modeled contamination of the floodplain soils by
137
Cs is shown to be in agreement with the values reconstructed from late measurements of this radionuclide. Reconstructed estimates of the Techa River contamination are being used for the quantification of internal and external doses received by residents of the Techa Riverside communities. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00411-012-0414-0 |
| format | Article |
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90
Sr concentration in the river water is harmonized with retrospective estimates derived from the measurements of
90
Sr in the residents of the Techa Riverside villages. Modeled contamination of the floodplain soils by
137
Cs is shown to be in agreement with the values reconstructed from late measurements of this radionuclide. Reconstructed estimates of the Techa River contamination are being used for the quantification of internal and external doses received by residents of the Techa Riverside communities.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0301-634X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-2099</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00411-012-0414-0</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22797860</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>Biological and Medical Physics ; Biophysics ; Bottom sediments ; Contaminated sediments ; Contamination ; Ecosystems ; Effects of Radiation/Radiation Protection ; Environmental Physics ; Floodplains ; Freshwater ; Geologic Sediments - analysis ; History, 20th Century ; Hydrology ; Models, Theoretical ; Monitoring/Environmental Analysis ; Nuclear Weapons ; Original Paper ; Physics ; Physics and Astronomy ; Ponds ; Radioactive pollution ; Radioactive Waste ; Radioactive wastes ; Radioisotopes ; Radioisotopes - analysis ; Radioisotopes - history ; Reproducibility of Results ; Rivers ; Russia ; Sediment pollution ; Soil Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis ; Soil Pollutants, Radioactive - history ; Water Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis ; Water Pollutants, Radioactive - history ; Water pollution</subject><ispartof>Radiation and environmental biophysics, 2012-11, Vol.51 (4), p.349-366</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag 2012</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-9a8611a9f863c63f952e7c69e357d199004b9638e7912310ff5c83bc30f965c73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-9a8611a9f863c63f952e7c69e357d199004b9638e7912310ff5c83bc30f965c73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00411-012-0414-0$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00411-012-0414-0$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22797860$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Shagina, N. B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vorobiova, M. I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Degteva, M. O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peremyslova, L. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shishkina, E. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anspaugh, L. R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Napier, B. A.</creatorcontrib><title>Reconstruction of the contamination of the Techa River in 1949–1951 as a result of releases from the “MAYAK” Production Association</title><title>Radiation and environmental biophysics</title><addtitle>Radiat Environ Biophys</addtitle><addtitle>Radiat Environ Biophys</addtitle><description>More accurate reconstruction of the radioactive contamination of the Techa River system in 1949–1951 has been made on the basis of refined data on the amounts and the rate of discharge of radionuclides into the Techa River from the Mayak Production Association; this has led to the development of a modified Techa River model that describes the transport of radionuclides through the up-river ponds and along the Techa River and deposition of radionuclides in the river-bottom sediments and flooded areas. The refined Techa River source-term data define more precisely the time-dependent rates of release and radionuclide composition of the releases that occurred during 1949–1951. The Techa River model takes into account the time-dependent characteristics of the releases and considers (a) the transport of radionuclides adsorbed on solid particles originally contained in the discharges or originating in the up-river ponds as a result of stirring up of contaminated bottom sediments and (b) the transport of radionuclides in soluble form. The output of the Techa River model provides concentrations of all source-term radionuclides in the river water, bottom sediments, and floodplain soils at different distances from the site of radioactive releases for the period of major contamination in 1950–1951. The outputs of the model show good agreement with historical measurements of water and sediment contamination. In addition, the river-model output for
90
Sr concentration in the river water is harmonized with retrospective estimates derived from the measurements of
90
Sr in the residents of the Techa Riverside villages. Modeled contamination of the floodplain soils by
137
Cs is shown to be in agreement with the values reconstructed from late measurements of this radionuclide. Reconstructed estimates of the Techa River contamination are being used for the quantification of internal and external doses received by residents of the Techa Riverside communities.</description><subject>Biological and Medical Physics</subject><subject>Biophysics</subject><subject>Bottom sediments</subject><subject>Contaminated sediments</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>Effects of Radiation/Radiation Protection</subject><subject>Environmental Physics</subject><subject>Floodplains</subject><subject>Freshwater</subject><subject>Geologic Sediments - analysis</subject><subject>History, 20th Century</subject><subject>Hydrology</subject><subject>Models, Theoretical</subject><subject>Monitoring/Environmental Analysis</subject><subject>Nuclear Weapons</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Physics and Astronomy</subject><subject>Ponds</subject><subject>Radioactive pollution</subject><subject>Radioactive Waste</subject><subject>Radioactive wastes</subject><subject>Radioisotopes</subject><subject>Radioisotopes - analysis</subject><subject>Radioisotopes - history</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Russia</subject><subject>Sediment pollution</subject><subject>Soil Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis</subject><subject>Soil Pollutants, Radioactive - history</subject><subject>Water Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis</subject><subject>Water Pollutants, Radioactive - history</subject><subject>Water pollution</subject><issn>0301-634X</issn><issn>1432-2099</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kc2KFDEUhYMoTjv6AG4k4MZN6b1JVVJZNoN_OKIMI-gqpNM3Tg1VlTGpEtz11rVbfbl-EtPTrQyCq4Sb75xzyWHsIcJTBNDPMkCNWAGKqlzqCm6xBdZSVAKMuc0WIAErJeuPR-xezpcAqJUyd9mRENroVsGCfT8jH8c8pdlPXRx5DHy6IF5mkxu60d0cnpO_cPys-0qJdyNHU5vt5geaBrnL3PFEee6nHZ2oJ5cp85DicK3dbn6-XX5avtlufvH3Ka4Pccuco--uU-6zO8H1mR4czmP24cXz85NX1em7l69PlqeVrzVOlXGtQnQmtEp6JYNpBGmvDMlGr9GY8iUro2RL2qCQCCE0vpUrLyEY1Xgtj9mTve9Vil9mypMduuyp791Icc4WUWOrQZi2oI__QS_jnMayXaGwFq2WzY7CPeVTzDlRsFepG1z6ZhHsrie778mWnuyuJwtF8-jgPK8GWv9V_CmmAGIP5PI0fqZ0I_q_rr8B50meBA</recordid><startdate>20121101</startdate><enddate>20121101</enddate><creator>Shagina, N. 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B.</au><au>Vorobiova, M. I.</au><au>Degteva, M. O.</au><au>Peremyslova, L. M.</au><au>Shishkina, E. A.</au><au>Anspaugh, L. R.</au><au>Napier, B. A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Reconstruction of the contamination of the Techa River in 1949–1951 as a result of releases from the “MAYAK” Production Association</atitle><jtitle>Radiation and environmental biophysics</jtitle><stitle>Radiat Environ Biophys</stitle><addtitle>Radiat Environ Biophys</addtitle><date>2012-11-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>51</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>349</spage><epage>366</epage><pages>349-366</pages><issn>0301-634X</issn><eissn>1432-2099</eissn><abstract>More accurate reconstruction of the radioactive contamination of the Techa River system in 1949–1951 has been made on the basis of refined data on the amounts and the rate of discharge of radionuclides into the Techa River from the Mayak Production Association; this has led to the development of a modified Techa River model that describes the transport of radionuclides through the up-river ponds and along the Techa River and deposition of radionuclides in the river-bottom sediments and flooded areas. The refined Techa River source-term data define more precisely the time-dependent rates of release and radionuclide composition of the releases that occurred during 1949–1951. The Techa River model takes into account the time-dependent characteristics of the releases and considers (a) the transport of radionuclides adsorbed on solid particles originally contained in the discharges or originating in the up-river ponds as a result of stirring up of contaminated bottom sediments and (b) the transport of radionuclides in soluble form. The output of the Techa River model provides concentrations of all source-term radionuclides in the river water, bottom sediments, and floodplain soils at different distances from the site of radioactive releases for the period of major contamination in 1950–1951. The outputs of the model show good agreement with historical measurements of water and sediment contamination. In addition, the river-model output for
90
Sr concentration in the river water is harmonized with retrospective estimates derived from the measurements of
90
Sr in the residents of the Techa Riverside villages. Modeled contamination of the floodplain soils by
137
Cs is shown to be in agreement with the values reconstructed from late measurements of this radionuclide. Reconstructed estimates of the Techa River contamination are being used for the quantification of internal and external doses received by residents of the Techa Riverside communities.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer-Verlag</pub><pmid>22797860</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00411-012-0414-0</doi><tpages>18</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Radiation and environmental biophysics, 2012-11, Vol.51 (4), p.349-366 |
| issn | 0301-634X 1432-2099 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Biological and Medical Physics Biophysics Bottom sediments Contaminated sediments Contamination Ecosystems Effects of Radiation/Radiation Protection Environmental Physics Floodplains Freshwater Geologic Sediments - analysis History, 20th Century Hydrology Models, Theoretical Monitoring/Environmental Analysis Nuclear Weapons Original Paper Physics Physics and Astronomy Ponds Radioactive pollution Radioactive Waste Radioactive wastes Radioisotopes Radioisotopes - analysis Radioisotopes - history Reproducibility of Results Rivers Russia Sediment pollution Soil Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis Soil Pollutants, Radioactive - history Water Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis Water Pollutants, Radioactive - history Water pollution |
| title | Reconstruction of the contamination of the Techa River in 1949–1951 as a result of releases from the “MAYAK” Production Association |
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