Psychrophilic yeasts from worldwide glacial habitats: diversity, adaptation strategies and biotechnological potential

Abstract Glacial habitats (cryosphere) include some of the largest unexplored and extreme biospheres on Earth. These habitats harbor a wide diversity of psychrophilic prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms. These highly specialized microorganisms have developed adaptation strategies to overcome t...

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Veröffentlicht in:FEMS microbiology ecology 2012-11, Vol.82 (2), p.217-241
Hauptverfasser: Buzzini, Pietro, Branda, Eva, Goretti, Marta, Turchetti, Benedetta
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creator Buzzini, Pietro
Branda, Eva
Goretti, Marta
Turchetti, Benedetta
description Abstract Glacial habitats (cryosphere) include some of the largest unexplored and extreme biospheres on Earth. These habitats harbor a wide diversity of psychrophilic prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms. These highly specialized microorganisms have developed adaptation strategies to overcome the direct and indirect life-endangering influence of low temperatures. For many years Antarctica has been the geographic area preferred by microbiologists for studying the diversity of psychrophilic microorganisms (including yeasts). However, there have been an increasing number of studies on psychrophilic yeasts sharing the non-Antarctic cryosphere. The present paper provides an overview of the distribution and adaptation strategies of psychrophilic yeasts worldwide. Attention is also focused on their biotechnological potential, especially on their exploitation as a source of cold-active enzymes and for bioremediation purposes.
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Psychology ; glacial environments ; Habitats ; Ice Cover - microbiology ; Low temperature ; Microbial ecology ; Microbiology ; Microorganisms ; psychrophilic yeasts ; Various environments (extraatmospheric space, air, water) ; yeast diversity ; Yeasts ; Yeasts - enzymology ; Yeasts - physiology</subject><ispartof>FEMS microbiology ecology, 2012-11, Vol.82 (2), p.217-241</ispartof><rights>2012 Federation of European Microbiological Societies 2012</rights><rights>2012 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved</rights><rights>2014 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>2012 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2012 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 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subjects adaptation strategies
Adaptation, Physiological
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Antarctic Regions
Biodegradation, Environmental
Biological and medical sciences
Bioremediation
biotechnological potential
Biotechnology
Cold Temperature
Cryosphere
Ecology
Ecosystem
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
glacial environments
Habitats
Ice Cover - microbiology
Low temperature
Microbial ecology
Microbiology
Microorganisms
psychrophilic yeasts
Various environments (extraatmospheric space, air, water)
yeast diversity
Yeasts
Yeasts - enzymology
Yeasts - physiology
title Psychrophilic yeasts from worldwide glacial habitats: diversity, adaptation strategies and biotechnological potential
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