Nosema ceranae infection intensity highly correlates with temperature

Negative correlation of Nosema ceranae infection levels with average temperature. [Display omitted] ► In warm climates Nosema ceranae reaches intensity peak earlier than Nosema apis. ► N. ceranae intensity was found to be correlated with the average temperature. ► The intensity peak of N. ceranae oc...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of invertebrate pathology 2012-11, Vol.111 (3), p.264-267
Hauptverfasser: Chen, Yue-Wen, Chung, Wei-Ping, Wang, Chung-Hsiung, Solter, Leellen F., Huang, Wei-Fone
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container_end_page 267
container_issue 3
container_start_page 264
container_title Journal of invertebrate pathology
container_volume 111
creator Chen, Yue-Wen
Chung, Wei-Ping
Wang, Chung-Hsiung
Solter, Leellen F.
Huang, Wei-Fone
description Negative correlation of Nosema ceranae infection levels with average temperature. [Display omitted] ► In warm climates Nosema ceranae reaches intensity peak earlier than Nosema apis. ► N. ceranae intensity was found to be correlated with the average temperature. ► The intensity peak of N. ceranae occurs at approximately 15°C. Nosema ceranae, a microsporidian entomopathogen, was first reported from honey bees, Apis mellifera, in 2005 in Taiwan (Huang et al., 2007) and has become a major concern in apiculture worldwide. In Taiwan, we found one infection peak for N. ceranae during the winter months, compared to two peaks in spring and fall reported in 1980 for Nosema apis. N. ceranae infection intensity in apiaries reached a high level earlier than N. apis, a possible factor in replacement. We found a significant negative correlation of N. ceranae pathogen load with temperature; the highest spore counts were recorded at an average temperature of approximately 15°C and infection intensity equaled the annual average at 23.8°C. This model corresponds with published results but is most reliable for subtropical to tropical climates.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jip.2012.08.014
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[Display omitted] ► In warm climates Nosema ceranae reaches intensity peak earlier than Nosema apis. ► N. ceranae intensity was found to be correlated with the average temperature. ► The intensity peak of N. ceranae occurs at approximately 15°C. Nosema ceranae, a microsporidian entomopathogen, was first reported from honey bees, Apis mellifera, in 2005 in Taiwan (Huang et al., 2007) and has become a major concern in apiculture worldwide. In Taiwan, we found one infection peak for N. ceranae during the winter months, compared to two peaks in spring and fall reported in 1980 for Nosema apis. N. ceranae infection intensity in apiaries reached a high level earlier than N. apis, a possible factor in replacement. We found a significant negative correlation of N. ceranae pathogen load with temperature; the highest spore counts were recorded at an average temperature of approximately 15°C and infection intensity equaled the annual average at 23.8°C. 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[Display omitted] ► In warm climates Nosema ceranae reaches intensity peak earlier than Nosema apis. ► N. ceranae intensity was found to be correlated with the average temperature. ► The intensity peak of N. ceranae occurs at approximately 15°C. Nosema ceranae, a microsporidian entomopathogen, was first reported from honey bees, Apis mellifera, in 2005 in Taiwan (Huang et al., 2007) and has become a major concern in apiculture worldwide. In Taiwan, we found one infection peak for N. ceranae during the winter months, compared to two peaks in spring and fall reported in 1980 for Nosema apis. N. ceranae infection intensity in apiaries reached a high level earlier than N. apis, a possible factor in replacement. We found a significant negative correlation of N. ceranae pathogen load with temperature; the highest spore counts were recorded at an average temperature of approximately 15°C and infection intensity equaled the annual average at 23.8°C. 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subjects Animal productions
Animals
Apiculture
Apis
Bees - microbiology
Biological and medical sciences
Colony Count, Microbial
Competition
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Infection intensity
Insecta
Invertebrates
Nosema - physiology
Nosema ceranae
Taiwan
Temperature
Terrestrial animal productions
Tropical Climate
title Nosema ceranae infection intensity highly correlates with temperature
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