Brain metastases after breast-conserving therapy and systemic therapy: incidence and characteristics by biologic subtype
The characteristics of brain metastases (BM) that develop after breast-conserving therapy (BCT) for early-stage breast cancer (BC) remain incompletely defined. We examined 1,434 consecutive patients with stage I/II invasive BC who received BCT from 1997 to 2006, 91 % of whom received adjuvant system...
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| creator | Arvold, Nils D. Oh, Kevin S. Niemierko, Andrzej Taghian, Alphonse G. Lin, Nancy U. Abi-Raad, Rita F. Sreedhara, Meera Harris, Jay R. Alexander, Brian M. |
| description | The characteristics of brain metastases (BM) that develop after breast-conserving therapy (BCT) for early-stage breast cancer (BC) remain incompletely defined. We examined 1,434 consecutive patients with stage I/II invasive BC who received BCT from 1997 to 2006, 91 % of whom received adjuvant systemic therapy, according to BC subtype. Median follow-up was 85 months. Overall 5-year cumulative incidence of BM was 1.7 %; 0.1 % for luminal A, 3.3 % for luminal B, 3.2 % for luminal-HER2, 3.7 % for HER2, and 7.4 % for triple negative (TN). Women who developed BM were more likely at BC diagnosis to be younger (
P
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| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10549-012-2243-x |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1113212069</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A381053956</galeid><sourcerecordid>A381053956</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c500t-a5fab1ed72e0eacb0f3dc3141225c2aa70fb16ff9ed20c9a544e69b71ec9c1ac3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kk2P0zAQhi0EYkvhB3BBkRCISxbbSZya27LiS1qJC5ytiTNuvUqd4nFQ--9xaJfdRSBbsjTzvGN75mXsueDngvP2LQne1LrkQpZS1lW5f8AWommrspWifcgWXKi2VCuuztgTomvOuW65fszOpNRqpRq1YPv3EXwotpiA8kYqwCWMRRcxB0o7BsL404d1kTYYYXcoIPQFHSjh1tub4LvCB-t7DBZ_5-0GIthcx1PyloruUHR-HMZ1ltDUpcMOn7JHDgbCZ6dzyb5__PDt8nN59fXTl8uLq9I2nKcSGgedwL6VyBFsx13V20rUQsrGSoCWu04o5zT2klsNTV2j0l0r0GorwFZL9uZYdxfHHxNSMltPFocBAo4TGSFEJYXkSmf05V_o9TjFkF83U7KSra7FLbWGAY0Pbkz5r3NRc1Gt8kQq3ahMnf-Dyquf-zYGdD7H7wle3xFsEIa0oXGYks8juA-KI2jjSBTRmV30W4gHI7iZbWGOtjDZFma2hdlnzYvTz6Zui_0fxY0PMvDqBABZGFyEPE-65VSt61VuwZLJI0c5FdYY77Tov7f_AqeJ0HQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1112327941</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Brain metastases after breast-conserving therapy and systemic therapy: incidence and characteristics by biologic subtype</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Arvold, Nils D. ; Oh, Kevin S. ; Niemierko, Andrzej ; Taghian, Alphonse G. ; Lin, Nancy U. ; Abi-Raad, Rita F. ; Sreedhara, Meera ; Harris, Jay R. ; Alexander, Brian M.</creator><creatorcontrib>Arvold, Nils D. ; Oh, Kevin S. ; Niemierko, Andrzej ; Taghian, Alphonse G. ; Lin, Nancy U. ; Abi-Raad, Rita F. ; Sreedhara, Meera ; Harris, Jay R. ; Alexander, Brian M.</creatorcontrib><description>The characteristics of brain metastases (BM) that develop after breast-conserving therapy (BCT) for early-stage breast cancer (BC) remain incompletely defined. We examined 1,434 consecutive patients with stage I/II invasive BC who received BCT from 1997 to 2006, 91 % of whom received adjuvant systemic therapy, according to BC subtype. Median follow-up was 85 months. Overall 5-year cumulative incidence of BM was 1.7 %; 0.1 % for luminal A, 3.3 % for luminal B, 3.2 % for luminal-HER2, 3.7 % for HER2, and 7.4 % for triple negative (TN). Women who developed BM were more likely at BC diagnosis to be younger (
P
< .0001) and have node-positive (
P
< .0001), grade 3 (
P
< .0001), hormone receptor-negative (
P
= .006), and HER2-positive (
P
= .01) tumors. Median time from BC diagnosis to BM was 51.4 months (range, 7.6–108 months), which was longer among luminal versus non-luminal subtypes (
P
= .0002; median, 61.4 vs. 34.5 months). Thirty-four percent of patients who developed distant metastases (DM) eventually developed BM. Median time from DM to BM was 12.8 months but varied by subtype, including 7.4 months for TN, 9.6 months for luminal B, and 27.1 months for HER2. Eighty-one percent of all BM patients presented with neurologic symptoms. Median number of BM at diagnosis was two, and median BM size was 15 mm, with TN (27 mm) and luminal B (16 mm) exhibiting the largest median sizes. In conclusion, the risk of BM after BCT varies significantly by subtype. Given the large size and symptomatic presentation among luminal B and TN subtypes, earlier BM detection might improve quality of life or increase eligibility for non-invasive treatments including stereotactic radiosurgery. Women with DM from these two BC subtypes have a high incidence of BM with a short latency, suggesting an ideal target population for trials evaluating the utility of MRI screening.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0167-6806</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-7217</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10549-012-2243-x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22968656</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BCTRD6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boston: Springer US</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Biological and medical sciences ; Brain ; Brain Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Brain Neoplasms - secondary ; Brain Neoplasms - therapy ; Breast cancer ; Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Breast Neoplasms - pathology ; Breast Neoplasms - therapy ; Cancer research ; Cancer therapies ; Clinical Trial ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Lumpectomy ; Mammary gland diseases ; Medical sciences ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neurology ; Oncology ; Radiosurgery ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Receptor, ErbB-2 - metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone - metabolism ; Risk factors ; Tumors ; Tumors of the nervous system. Phacomatoses</subject><ispartof>Breast cancer research and treatment, 2012-11, Vol.136 (1), p.153-160</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. 2012</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2012 Springer</rights><rights>Springer Science+Business Media New York 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c500t-a5fab1ed72e0eacb0f3dc3141225c2aa70fb16ff9ed20c9a544e69b71ec9c1ac3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c500t-a5fab1ed72e0eacb0f3dc3141225c2aa70fb16ff9ed20c9a544e69b71ec9c1ac3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10549-012-2243-x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10549-012-2243-x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=26494812$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22968656$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Arvold, Nils D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Kevin S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Niemierko, Andrzej</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taghian, Alphonse G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Nancy U.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abi-Raad, Rita F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sreedhara, Meera</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, Jay R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alexander, Brian M.</creatorcontrib><title>Brain metastases after breast-conserving therapy and systemic therapy: incidence and characteristics by biologic subtype</title><title>Breast cancer research and treatment</title><addtitle>Breast Cancer Res Treat</addtitle><addtitle>Breast Cancer Res Treat</addtitle><description>The characteristics of brain metastases (BM) that develop after breast-conserving therapy (BCT) for early-stage breast cancer (BC) remain incompletely defined. We examined 1,434 consecutive patients with stage I/II invasive BC who received BCT from 1997 to 2006, 91 % of whom received adjuvant systemic therapy, according to BC subtype. Median follow-up was 85 months. Overall 5-year cumulative incidence of BM was 1.7 %; 0.1 % for luminal A, 3.3 % for luminal B, 3.2 % for luminal-HER2, 3.7 % for HER2, and 7.4 % for triple negative (TN). Women who developed BM were more likely at BC diagnosis to be younger (
P
< .0001) and have node-positive (
P
< .0001), grade 3 (
P
< .0001), hormone receptor-negative (
P
= .006), and HER2-positive (
P
= .01) tumors. Median time from BC diagnosis to BM was 51.4 months (range, 7.6–108 months), which was longer among luminal versus non-luminal subtypes (
P
= .0002; median, 61.4 vs. 34.5 months). Thirty-four percent of patients who developed distant metastases (DM) eventually developed BM. Median time from DM to BM was 12.8 months but varied by subtype, including 7.4 months for TN, 9.6 months for luminal B, and 27.1 months for HER2. Eighty-one percent of all BM patients presented with neurologic symptoms. Median number of BM at diagnosis was two, and median BM size was 15 mm, with TN (27 mm) and luminal B (16 mm) exhibiting the largest median sizes. In conclusion, the risk of BM after BCT varies significantly by subtype. Given the large size and symptomatic presentation among luminal B and TN subtypes, earlier BM detection might improve quality of life or increase eligibility for non-invasive treatments including stereotactic radiosurgery. Women with DM from these two BC subtypes have a high incidence of BM with a short latency, suggesting an ideal target population for trials evaluating the utility of MRI screening.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Brain</subject><subject>Brain Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Brain Neoplasms - secondary</subject><subject>Brain Neoplasms - therapy</subject><subject>Breast cancer</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - therapy</subject><subject>Cancer research</subject><subject>Cancer therapies</subject><subject>Clinical Trial</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Kaplan-Meier Estimate</subject><subject>Lumpectomy</subject><subject>Mammary gland diseases</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Metastasis</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neoplasm Staging</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Oncology</subject><subject>Radiosurgery</subject><subject>Radiotherapy, Adjuvant</subject><subject>Receptor, ErbB-2 - metabolism</subject><subject>Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism</subject><subject>Receptors, Progesterone - metabolism</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><subject>Tumors of the nervous system. Phacomatoses</subject><issn>0167-6806</issn><issn>1573-7217</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kk2P0zAQhi0EYkvhB3BBkRCISxbbSZya27LiS1qJC5ytiTNuvUqd4nFQ--9xaJfdRSBbsjTzvGN75mXsueDngvP2LQne1LrkQpZS1lW5f8AWommrspWifcgWXKi2VCuuztgTomvOuW65fszOpNRqpRq1YPv3EXwotpiA8kYqwCWMRRcxB0o7BsL404d1kTYYYXcoIPQFHSjh1tub4LvCB-t7DBZ_5-0GIthcx1PyloruUHR-HMZ1ltDUpcMOn7JHDgbCZ6dzyb5__PDt8nN59fXTl8uLq9I2nKcSGgedwL6VyBFsx13V20rUQsrGSoCWu04o5zT2klsNTV2j0l0r0GorwFZL9uZYdxfHHxNSMltPFocBAo4TGSFEJYXkSmf05V_o9TjFkF83U7KSra7FLbWGAY0Pbkz5r3NRc1Gt8kQq3ahMnf-Dyquf-zYGdD7H7wle3xFsEIa0oXGYks8juA-KI2jjSBTRmV30W4gHI7iZbWGOtjDZFma2hdlnzYvTz6Zui_0fxY0PMvDqBABZGFyEPE-65VSt61VuwZLJI0c5FdYY77Tov7f_AqeJ0HQ</recordid><startdate>20121101</startdate><enddate>20121101</enddate><creator>Arvold, Nils D.</creator><creator>Oh, Kevin S.</creator><creator>Niemierko, Andrzej</creator><creator>Taghian, Alphonse G.</creator><creator>Lin, Nancy U.</creator><creator>Abi-Raad, Rita F.</creator><creator>Sreedhara, Meera</creator><creator>Harris, Jay R.</creator><creator>Alexander, Brian M.</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20121101</creationdate><title>Brain metastases after breast-conserving therapy and systemic therapy: incidence and characteristics by biologic subtype</title><author>Arvold, Nils D. ; Oh, Kevin S. ; Niemierko, Andrzej ; Taghian, Alphonse G. ; Lin, Nancy U. ; Abi-Raad, Rita F. ; Sreedhara, Meera ; Harris, Jay R. ; Alexander, Brian M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c500t-a5fab1ed72e0eacb0f3dc3141225c2aa70fb16ff9ed20c9a544e69b71ec9c1ac3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Brain</topic><topic>Brain Neoplasms - epidemiology</topic><topic>Brain Neoplasms - secondary</topic><topic>Brain Neoplasms - therapy</topic><topic>Breast cancer</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - therapy</topic><topic>Cancer research</topic><topic>Cancer therapies</topic><topic>Clinical Trial</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Kaplan-Meier Estimate</topic><topic>Lumpectomy</topic><topic>Mammary gland diseases</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Metastasis</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Neoplasm Staging</topic><topic>Neurology</topic><topic>Oncology</topic><topic>Radiosurgery</topic><topic>Radiotherapy, Adjuvant</topic><topic>Receptor, ErbB-2 - metabolism</topic><topic>Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism</topic><topic>Receptors, Progesterone - metabolism</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><topic>Tumors of the nervous system. Phacomatoses</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Arvold, Nils D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Kevin S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Niemierko, Andrzej</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taghian, Alphonse G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Nancy U.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abi-Raad, Rita F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sreedhara, Meera</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, Jay R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alexander, Brian M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Breast cancer research and treatment</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Arvold, Nils D.</au><au>Oh, Kevin S.</au><au>Niemierko, Andrzej</au><au>Taghian, Alphonse G.</au><au>Lin, Nancy U.</au><au>Abi-Raad, Rita F.</au><au>Sreedhara, Meera</au><au>Harris, Jay R.</au><au>Alexander, Brian M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Brain metastases after breast-conserving therapy and systemic therapy: incidence and characteristics by biologic subtype</atitle><jtitle>Breast cancer research and treatment</jtitle><stitle>Breast Cancer Res Treat</stitle><addtitle>Breast Cancer Res Treat</addtitle><date>2012-11-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>136</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>153</spage><epage>160</epage><pages>153-160</pages><issn>0167-6806</issn><eissn>1573-7217</eissn><coden>BCTRD6</coden><abstract>The characteristics of brain metastases (BM) that develop after breast-conserving therapy (BCT) for early-stage breast cancer (BC) remain incompletely defined. We examined 1,434 consecutive patients with stage I/II invasive BC who received BCT from 1997 to 2006, 91 % of whom received adjuvant systemic therapy, according to BC subtype. Median follow-up was 85 months. Overall 5-year cumulative incidence of BM was 1.7 %; 0.1 % for luminal A, 3.3 % for luminal B, 3.2 % for luminal-HER2, 3.7 % for HER2, and 7.4 % for triple negative (TN). Women who developed BM were more likely at BC diagnosis to be younger (
P
< .0001) and have node-positive (
P
< .0001), grade 3 (
P
< .0001), hormone receptor-negative (
P
= .006), and HER2-positive (
P
= .01) tumors. Median time from BC diagnosis to BM was 51.4 months (range, 7.6–108 months), which was longer among luminal versus non-luminal subtypes (
P
= .0002; median, 61.4 vs. 34.5 months). Thirty-four percent of patients who developed distant metastases (DM) eventually developed BM. Median time from DM to BM was 12.8 months but varied by subtype, including 7.4 months for TN, 9.6 months for luminal B, and 27.1 months for HER2. Eighty-one percent of all BM patients presented with neurologic symptoms. Median number of BM at diagnosis was two, and median BM size was 15 mm, with TN (27 mm) and luminal B (16 mm) exhibiting the largest median sizes. In conclusion, the risk of BM after BCT varies significantly by subtype. Given the large size and symptomatic presentation among luminal B and TN subtypes, earlier BM detection might improve quality of life or increase eligibility for non-invasive treatments including stereotactic radiosurgery. Women with DM from these two BC subtypes have a high incidence of BM with a short latency, suggesting an ideal target population for trials evaluating the utility of MRI screening.</abstract><cop>Boston</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>22968656</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10549-012-2243-x</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Adult Aged Biological and medical sciences Brain Brain Neoplasms - epidemiology Brain Neoplasms - secondary Brain Neoplasms - therapy Breast cancer Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology Breast Neoplasms - pathology Breast Neoplasms - therapy Cancer research Cancer therapies Clinical Trial Female Follow-Up Studies Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics Humans Incidence Kaplan-Meier Estimate Lumpectomy Mammary gland diseases Medical sciences Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metastasis Middle Aged Neoplasm Staging Neurology Oncology Radiosurgery Radiotherapy, Adjuvant Receptor, ErbB-2 - metabolism Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism Receptors, Progesterone - metabolism Risk factors Tumors Tumors of the nervous system. Phacomatoses |
| title | Brain metastases after breast-conserving therapy and systemic therapy: incidence and characteristics by biologic subtype |
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