Role of Micronutrtients in HIV/AIDS Pathogenesis

Role of Micronutrtients in HIV/AIDS Pathogenesis

Objective: An investigation of dietary patterns and selenium levels in diets of smallholder farmers and agricultural soils was carried out in Pala Sub-location. Materials and Methods: In this study a total of 386 respondents selected randomly were interviewed in the four villages in the sub-location...

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Veröffentlicht in:Cell journal (Yakhteh) 2011-01, Vol.12, p.83-83
1. Verfasser: Otieno, S B
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Araneae
Human immunodeficiency virus
Sorghum
Zea mays
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description Objective: An investigation of dietary patterns and selenium levels in diets of smallholder farmers and agricultural soils was carried out in Pala Sub-location. Materials and Methods: In this study a total of 386 respondents selected randomly were interviewed in the four villages in the sub-location. The data was coded and analyzed by SPSS program while food and soil selenium levels were analyzed by AAS. Results: It was shown that most of the respondents (61%) were small holder Farmers and Fishermen {X2 (1, n=386) p
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Materials and Methods: In this study a total of 386 respondents selected randomly were interviewed in the four villages in the sub-location. The data was coded and analyzed by SPSS program while food and soil selenium levels were analyzed by AAS. Results: It was shown that most of the respondents (61%) were small holder Farmers and Fishermen {X2 (1, n=386) p&lt;0.000}, and that most of them (91.2%) had up to college level education {X2 (1, n=386) p&lt;0.000}, while the number of males were only slightly more than the females{X2 (1, n=386) p=0.263} and 83.5% of respondents were married {X2 (1, n=386) p=0.000}. The investigation also revealed that most of the respondents own between 0.25 and 5 acres {X2 (1, n=386) p=0.000} and that most of them plant maize (82.6%), millet (55.4%), beans (37.6%) and sorghum (21.2% 0 while they also kept goats (48.2%), cows (46.9%) and chicken (42.7%). The study showed that adults take on average 2.68 meals a day (n=382, SD=0.603) while children take 3.02 meals a day (n=386, SD=1.031) a day, and that in most households (82.6%) food is prepared by the women {X2 (1, n=386) p=0.000} and further that 50% of foods eaten in that community are purchased {X2 (1, n=386) = 0.1818, p=0.6698}. The foods eaten by 75.2% of the respondents were fish-Tilapia/Nile perch, 75.2% eat sorghum/millet, 64.1% vegetables and that both children and adults eat same types of food and further that traditional foods which have become extinct are mainly vegetables (46%). The study established that selenium levels in foods eaten in Pala sub-location varies, with traditional vegetables having higher levels of selenium, for example, Achak Achak (148.5 mg/kg) spider web(121.5mg/kg), cow pea (21.97 mg/kg), while Omena (51 mg/kg) Nile perch (0), tilapia(0) red millet/sorghum 19.97 mg/kg, and white/brown sorghum (0). The study showed that there is inverse relationship between foods eaten and selenium levels {RR=1.21, p=0.000} with foods eaten by 75.2% of respondents (Nile perch/Tilapia) having no detectable selenium. Four soil types identified in the study area had varying selenium levels with pleat loam (13.3 mg/kg) sandy loam (10.7 mg/kg), clay (2.8 mg/kg) and loam (4.8 mg/kg). Conclusion: From the study it would be recommended that to increase selenium levels in the diet, more production and consumption of traditional vegetables should be encouraged.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2228-5806</identifier><language>eng</language><subject>Araneae ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Sorghum ; Zea mays</subject><ispartof>Cell journal (Yakhteh), 2011-01, Vol.12, p.83-83</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Otieno, S B</creatorcontrib><title>Role of Micronutrtients in HIV/AIDS Pathogenesis</title><title>Cell journal (Yakhteh)</title><description>Objective: An investigation of dietary patterns and selenium levels in diets of smallholder farmers and agricultural soils was carried out in Pala Sub-location. Materials and Methods: In this study a total of 386 respondents selected randomly were interviewed in the four villages in the sub-location. The data was coded and analyzed by SPSS program while food and soil selenium levels were analyzed by AAS. Results: It was shown that most of the respondents (61%) were small holder Farmers and Fishermen {X2 (1, n=386) p&lt;0.000}, and that most of them (91.2%) had up to college level education {X2 (1, n=386) p&lt;0.000}, while the number of males were only slightly more than the females{X2 (1, n=386) p=0.263} and 83.5% of respondents were married {X2 (1, n=386) p=0.000}. The investigation also revealed that most of the respondents own between 0.25 and 5 acres {X2 (1, n=386) p=0.000} and that most of them plant maize (82.6%), millet (55.4%), beans (37.6%) and sorghum (21.2% 0 while they also kept goats (48.2%), cows (46.9%) and chicken (42.7%). The study showed that adults take on average 2.68 meals a day (n=382, SD=0.603) while children take 3.02 meals a day (n=386, SD=1.031) a day, and that in most households (82.6%) food is prepared by the women {X2 (1, n=386) p=0.000} and further that 50% of foods eaten in that community are purchased {X2 (1, n=386) = 0.1818, p=0.6698}. The foods eaten by 75.2% of the respondents were fish-Tilapia/Nile perch, 75.2% eat sorghum/millet, 64.1% vegetables and that both children and adults eat same types of food and further that traditional foods which have become extinct are mainly vegetables (46%). The study established that selenium levels in foods eaten in Pala sub-location varies, with traditional vegetables having higher levels of selenium, for example, Achak Achak (148.5 mg/kg) spider web(121.5mg/kg), cow pea (21.97 mg/kg), while Omena (51 mg/kg) Nile perch (0), tilapia(0) red millet/sorghum 19.97 mg/kg, and white/brown sorghum (0). The study showed that there is inverse relationship between foods eaten and selenium levels {RR=1.21, p=0.000} with foods eaten by 75.2% of respondents (Nile perch/Tilapia) having no detectable selenium. Four soil types identified in the study area had varying selenium levels with pleat loam (13.3 mg/kg) sandy loam (10.7 mg/kg), clay (2.8 mg/kg) and loam (4.8 mg/kg). Conclusion: From the study it would be recommended that to increase selenium levels in the diet, more production and consumption of traditional vegetables should be encouraged.</description><subject>Araneae</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Sorghum</subject><subject>Zea mays</subject><issn>2228-5806</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpjYeA0MjKy0DW1MDDjYOAtLs4yAAIzAyNDSyNOBoOg_JxUhfw0Bd_M5KL8vNKSopLM1LySYoXMPAUPzzB9R0-XYIWAxJKM_PTUvNTizGIeBta0xJziVF4ozc2g4eYa4uyhW1CUX1iaWlwSn5tZnJyak5OYl5pfWhxvaGBpbGJsZm5hYkyCUgBQKDZ-</recordid><startdate>20110101</startdate><enddate>20110101</enddate><creator>Otieno, S B</creator><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110101</creationdate><title>Role of Micronutrtients in HIV/AIDS Pathogenesis</title><author>Otieno, S B</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-proquest_miscellaneous_10934367843</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Araneae</topic><topic>Human immunodeficiency virus</topic><topic>Sorghum</topic><topic>Zea mays</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Otieno, S B</creatorcontrib><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Cell journal (Yakhteh)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Otieno, S B</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Role of Micronutrtients in HIV/AIDS Pathogenesis</atitle><jtitle>Cell journal (Yakhteh)</jtitle><date>2011-01-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>12</volume><spage>83</spage><epage>83</epage><pages>83-83</pages><issn>2228-5806</issn><abstract>Objective: An investigation of dietary patterns and selenium levels in diets of smallholder farmers and agricultural soils was carried out in Pala Sub-location. Materials and Methods: In this study a total of 386 respondents selected randomly were interviewed in the four villages in the sub-location. The data was coded and analyzed by SPSS program while food and soil selenium levels were analyzed by AAS. Results: It was shown that most of the respondents (61%) were small holder Farmers and Fishermen {X2 (1, n=386) p&lt;0.000}, and that most of them (91.2%) had up to college level education {X2 (1, n=386) p&lt;0.000}, while the number of males were only slightly more than the females{X2 (1, n=386) p=0.263} and 83.5% of respondents were married {X2 (1, n=386) p=0.000}. The investigation also revealed that most of the respondents own between 0.25 and 5 acres {X2 (1, n=386) p=0.000} and that most of them plant maize (82.6%), millet (55.4%), beans (37.6%) and sorghum (21.2% 0 while they also kept goats (48.2%), cows (46.9%) and chicken (42.7%). The study showed that adults take on average 2.68 meals a day (n=382, SD=0.603) while children take 3.02 meals a day (n=386, SD=1.031) a day, and that in most households (82.6%) food is prepared by the women {X2 (1, n=386) p=0.000} and further that 50% of foods eaten in that community are purchased {X2 (1, n=386) = 0.1818, p=0.6698}. The foods eaten by 75.2% of the respondents were fish-Tilapia/Nile perch, 75.2% eat sorghum/millet, 64.1% vegetables and that both children and adults eat same types of food and further that traditional foods which have become extinct are mainly vegetables (46%). The study established that selenium levels in foods eaten in Pala sub-location varies, with traditional vegetables having higher levels of selenium, for example, Achak Achak (148.5 mg/kg) spider web(121.5mg/kg), cow pea (21.97 mg/kg), while Omena (51 mg/kg) Nile perch (0), tilapia(0) red millet/sorghum 19.97 mg/kg, and white/brown sorghum (0). The study showed that there is inverse relationship between foods eaten and selenium levels {RR=1.21, p=0.000} with foods eaten by 75.2% of respondents (Nile perch/Tilapia) having no detectable selenium. Four soil types identified in the study area had varying selenium levels with pleat loam (13.3 mg/kg) sandy loam (10.7 mg/kg), clay (2.8 mg/kg) and loam (4.8 mg/kg). Conclusion: From the study it would be recommended that to increase selenium levels in the diet, more production and consumption of traditional vegetables should be encouraged.</abstract></addata></record>
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subjects Araneae
Human immunodeficiency virus
Sorghum
Zea mays
title Role of Micronutrtients in HIV/AIDS Pathogenesis
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