Sexing Live Adults of the Three Species of Darkling Beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Morphological Characteristics

Adult darkling beetles are being used as a bioindicator of environmental pollution after locust control operations involving the use of chemical insecticides. Distinguishing between the sexes of the darkling beetle, Pimelia senegalensis Olivier (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is very difficult because...

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Veröffentlicht in:Annals of the Entomological Society of America 2012-09, Vol.105 (5), p.726-730
Hauptverfasser: Maeno, Koutaro Ould, Nakamura, Satoshi, Babah, Mohamed Abdallahi Ould
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Nakamura, Satoshi
Babah, Mohamed Abdallahi Ould
description Adult darkling beetles are being used as a bioindicator of environmental pollution after locust control operations involving the use of chemical insecticides. Distinguishing between the sexes of the darkling beetle, Pimelia senegalensis Olivier (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is very difficult because the external morphological characteristics are quite similar between the sexes. To help determine the sexes of live beetles of P.senegalensis for physiological studies, we test a new and simple technique for easy sexing without subjecting them to chilling, anesthesia, microscopic observation, or dissection. Almost all the adult beetles extend their heads after adequately feeding on either boiled spaghetti (98.0%) or rice (98.1%). If the head of a beetle is gently pressed into its pronotum with the fingers, the reproductive organ will protrude, that is, the genitalia will be visible from the tip of the abdomen. The beetles are easily sexed based on the shape of the genitalia. This method does not result in mortality and is applicable for other two species of darkling beetles Pimelia angulata Olivier and Pterolosia squalida Solier. In P. senegalensis, the ratio of females to males deviates are ≈9:1. Although significant differences are found in several external morphological characteristics between females and males, the range of values greatly overlap. This time-saving method can be used for sexing of the three species of darkling beetles.
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Distinguishing between the sexes of the darkling beetle, Pimelia senegalensis Olivier (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is very difficult because the external morphological characteristics are quite similar between the sexes. To help determine the sexes of live beetles of P.senegalensis for physiological studies, we test a new and simple technique for easy sexing without subjecting them to chilling, anesthesia, microscopic observation, or dissection. Almost all the adult beetles extend their heads after adequately feeding on either boiled spaghetti (98.0%) or rice (98.1%). If the head of a beetle is gently pressed into its pronotum with the fingers, the reproductive organ will protrude, that is, the genitalia will be visible from the tip of the abdomen. The beetles are easily sexed based on the shape of the genitalia. This method does not result in mortality and is applicable for other two species of darkling beetles Pimelia angulata Olivier and Pterolosia squalida Solier. 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Psychology</subject><subject>Genitalia</subject><subject>head</subject><subject>Heads</subject><subject>Indicator species</subject><subject>insect morphology</subject><subject>Insecta</subject><subject>Insecticides</subject><subject>Invertebrates</subject><subject>males</subject><subject>MORPHOLOGY, HISTOLOGY, AND FINE STRUCTURE</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Oryza sativa</subject><subject>Pasta</subject><subject>Pimelia senegalensis</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Reproductive organs</subject><subject>rice</subject><subject>Sex</subject><subject>sex determination analysis</subject><subject>Sexing</subject><subject>Systematics. 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Psychology</topic><topic>Genitalia</topic><topic>head</topic><topic>Heads</topic><topic>Indicator species</topic><topic>insect morphology</topic><topic>Insecta</topic><topic>Insecticides</topic><topic>Invertebrates</topic><topic>males</topic><topic>MORPHOLOGY, HISTOLOGY, AND FINE STRUCTURE</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Oryza sativa</topic><topic>Pasta</topic><topic>Pimelia senegalensis</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Reproductive organs</topic><topic>rice</topic><topic>Sex</topic><topic>sex determination analysis</topic><topic>Sexing</topic><topic>Systematics. Geographical distribution</topic><topic>Tenebrionidae</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Maeno, Koutaro Ould</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakamura, Satoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Babah, Mohamed Abdallahi Ould</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><jtitle>Annals of the Entomological Society of America</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Maeno, Koutaro Ould</au><au>Nakamura, Satoshi</au><au>Babah, Mohamed Abdallahi Ould</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Sexing Live Adults of the Three Species of Darkling Beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Morphological Characteristics</atitle><jtitle>Annals of the Entomological Society of America</jtitle><date>2012-09-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>105</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>726</spage><epage>730</epage><pages>726-730</pages><issn>0013-8746</issn><eissn>1938-2901</eissn><coden>AESAAI</coden><abstract>Adult darkling beetles are being used as a bioindicator of environmental pollution after locust control operations involving the use of chemical insecticides. 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ispartof Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 2012-09, Vol.105 (5), p.726-730
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source Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current)
subjects Abdomen
adults
Anesthesia
bioindicator
Biological and medical sciences
Chilling
cold treatment
Coleoptera
darkling beetles
external morphology
Feeding
females
Finger
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genitalia
head
Heads
Indicator species
insect morphology
Insecta
Insecticides
Invertebrates
males
MORPHOLOGY, HISTOLOGY, AND FINE STRUCTURE
Mortality
Oryza sativa
Pasta
Pimelia senegalensis
Pollution
Reproductive organs
rice
Sex
sex determination analysis
Sexing
Systematics. Geographical distribution
Tenebrionidae
title Sexing Live Adults of the Three Species of Darkling Beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Morphological Characteristics
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