Benefits for bone from resistance exercise and nutrition in long-duration spaceflight: Evidence from biochemistry and densitometry
Exercise has shown little success in mitigating bone loss from long‐duration spaceflight. The first crews of the International Space Station (ISS) used the “interim resistive exercise device” (iRED), which allowed loads of up to 297 lbf (or 1337 N) but provided little protection of bone or no greate...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of bone and mineral research 2012-09, Vol.27 (9), p.1896-1906 |
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| creator | Smith, Scott M Heer, Martina A Shackelford, Linda C Sibonga, Jean D Ploutz-Snyder, Lori Zwart, Sara R |
| description | Exercise has shown little success in mitigating bone loss from long‐duration spaceflight. The first crews of the International Space Station (ISS) used the “interim resistive exercise device” (iRED), which allowed loads of up to 297 lbf (or 1337 N) but provided little protection of bone or no greater protection than aerobic exercise. In 2008, the Advanced Resistive Exercise Device (ARED), which allowed absolute loads of up to 600 lbf (1675 N), was launched to the ISS. We report dietary intake, bone densitometry, and biochemical markers in 13 crewmembers on ISS missions from 2006 to 2009. Of these 13, 8 had access to the iRED and 5 had access to the ARED. In both groups, bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase tended to increase during flight toward the end of the mission (p = 0.06) and increased 30 days after landing (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/jbmr.1647 |
| format | Article |
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The first crews of the International Space Station (ISS) used the “interim resistive exercise device” (iRED), which allowed loads of up to 297 lbf (or 1337 N) but provided little protection of bone or no greater protection than aerobic exercise. In 2008, the Advanced Resistive Exercise Device (ARED), which allowed absolute loads of up to 600 lbf (1675 N), was launched to the ISS. We report dietary intake, bone densitometry, and biochemical markers in 13 crewmembers on ISS missions from 2006 to 2009. Of these 13, 8 had access to the iRED and 5 had access to the ARED. In both groups, bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase tended to increase during flight toward the end of the mission (p = 0.06) and increased 30 days after landing (p < 0.001). Most markers of bone resorption were also increased in both groups during flight and 30 days after landing (p < 0.05). Bone densitometry revealed significant interactions (time and exercise device) for pelvis bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (p < 0.01), hip femoral neck BMD (p < 0.05), trochanter BMD (p < 0.05), and total hip BMD (p < 0.05). These variables were unchanged from preflight only for ARED crewmembers, who also returned from flight with higher percent lean mass and lower percent fat mass. Body mass was unchanged after flight in both groups. All crewmembers had nominal vitamin D status (75 ± 17 nmol/L) before and during flight. These data document that resistance exercise, coupled with adequate energy intake (shown by maintenance of body mass determined by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry [DXA]) and vitamin D, can maintain bone in most regions during 4‐ to 6‐month missions in microgravity. This is the first evidence that improving nutrition and resistance exercise during spaceflight can attenuate the expected BMD deficits previously observed after prolonged missions. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0884-0431</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1523-4681</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.1647</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22549960</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JBMREJ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><subject>Biochemical Phenomena ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomarkers - blood ; Biomarkers - urine ; Body Composition - physiology ; Bone and Bones - physiology ; Bone Density - physiology ; BONE LOSS ; BONE TURNOVER MARKERS ; Calcium - metabolism ; Densitometry - methods ; Diet ; Exercise - physiology ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Parathyroid Hormone - blood ; Pelvis - physiology ; Resistance Training ; Skeleton and joints ; SPACE FLIGHT ; Time Factors ; Vertebrates: osteoarticular system, musculoskeletal system ; VITAMIN D ; Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives ; Vitamin D - blood ; WEIGHTLESSNESS</subject><ispartof>Journal of bone and mineral research, 2012-09, Vol.27 (9), p.1896-1906</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5557-4160611fb092af21c80619f4b0b58665acecc185e8caf3314aedb8260895c4e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5557-4160611fb092af21c80619f4b0b58665acecc185e8caf3314aedb8260895c4e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fjbmr.1647$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fjbmr.1647$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,1419,27931,27932,45581,45582</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=26286851$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22549960$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Smith, Scott M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heer, Martina A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shackelford, Linda C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sibonga, Jean D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ploutz-Snyder, Lori</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zwart, Sara R</creatorcontrib><title>Benefits for bone from resistance exercise and nutrition in long-duration spaceflight: Evidence from biochemistry and densitometry</title><title>Journal of bone and mineral research</title><addtitle>J Bone Miner Res</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Exercise has shown little success in mitigating bone loss from long‐duration spaceflight. The first crews of the International Space Station (ISS) used the “interim resistive exercise device” (iRED), which allowed loads of up to 297 lbf (or 1337 N) but provided little protection of bone or no greater protection than aerobic exercise. In 2008, the Advanced Resistive Exercise Device (ARED), which allowed absolute loads of up to 600 lbf (1675 N), was launched to the ISS. We report dietary intake, bone densitometry, and biochemical markers in 13 crewmembers on ISS missions from 2006 to 2009. Of these 13, 8 had access to the iRED and 5 had access to the ARED. In both groups, bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase tended to increase during flight toward the end of the mission (p = 0.06) and increased 30 days after landing (p < 0.001). Most markers of bone resorption were also increased in both groups during flight and 30 days after landing (p < 0.05). Bone densitometry revealed significant interactions (time and exercise device) for pelvis bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (p < 0.01), hip femoral neck BMD (p < 0.05), trochanter BMD (p < 0.05), and total hip BMD (p < 0.05). These variables were unchanged from preflight only for ARED crewmembers, who also returned from flight with higher percent lean mass and lower percent fat mass. Body mass was unchanged after flight in both groups. All crewmembers had nominal vitamin D status (75 ± 17 nmol/L) before and during flight. These data document that resistance exercise, coupled with adequate energy intake (shown by maintenance of body mass determined by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry [DXA]) and vitamin D, can maintain bone in most regions during 4‐ to 6‐month missions in microgravity. This is the first evidence that improving nutrition and resistance exercise during spaceflight can attenuate the expected BMD deficits previously observed after prolonged missions. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.]]></description><subject>Biochemical Phenomena</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomarkers - blood</subject><subject>Biomarkers - urine</subject><subject>Body Composition - physiology</subject><subject>Bone and Bones - physiology</subject><subject>Bone Density - physiology</subject><subject>BONE LOSS</subject><subject>BONE TURNOVER MARKERS</subject><subject>Calcium - metabolism</subject><subject>Densitometry - methods</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Exercise - physiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nutritional Physiological Phenomena</subject><subject>Parathyroid Hormone - blood</subject><subject>Pelvis - physiology</subject><subject>Resistance Training</subject><subject>Skeleton and joints</subject><subject>SPACE FLIGHT</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Vertebrates: osteoarticular system, musculoskeletal system</subject><subject>VITAMIN D</subject><subject>Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives</subject><subject>Vitamin D - blood</subject><subject>WEIGHTLESSNESS</subject><issn>0884-0431</issn><issn>1523-4681</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkVFrFDEUhQex2LX64B-QgAj6MG2SSbIZ32yprWWrUgqCLyGTuWmzziRrMqPdV3-5md21giD4FHLznXNuOEXxjOBDgjE9WjZ9PCSCzR8UM8JpVTIhycNihqVkJWYV2S8ep7TEGAsuxKNin1LO6lrgWfHzGDxYNyRkQ0RN8IBsDD2KkFwatDeA4A6icQmQ9i3y4xDd4IJHzqMu-JuyHaPeDNJKG7Cdu7kd3qDT766FSb1xa1wwt9Bnx7je2OS35IbQQx48Kfas7hI83Z0HxfW70-uT83Lx8ez9ydtFaTjn85IRgQUhtsE11ZYSI_O1tqzBDZdC8BxuDJEcpNG2qgjT0DaSCixrbhhUB8Wrre0qhm8jpEHlfQx0nfYQxqQIFjXFmFP-H2jFOMnpLKMv_kKXYYw-_0ORivOa1DWbqNdbysSQUgSrVtH1Oq6zlZoqVFOFaqows893jmPTQ3tP_u4sAy93gE5Gdzbmllz6wwkqheQkc0db7ofrYP3vRHVxfHm1iy63ilwU3N0rdPyqxLyac_X5w5n6cjm_-MQWUl1VvwBxP8My</recordid><startdate>201209</startdate><enddate>201209</enddate><creator>Smith, Scott M</creator><creator>Heer, Martina A</creator><creator>Shackelford, Linda C</creator><creator>Sibonga, Jean D</creator><creator>Ploutz-Snyder, Lori</creator><creator>Zwart, Sara R</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</general><general>Wiley</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201209</creationdate><title>Benefits for bone from resistance exercise and nutrition in long-duration spaceflight: Evidence from biochemistry and densitometry</title><author>Smith, Scott M ; Heer, Martina A ; Shackelford, Linda C ; Sibonga, Jean D ; Ploutz-Snyder, Lori ; Zwart, Sara R</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5557-4160611fb092af21c80619f4b0b58665acecc185e8caf3314aedb8260895c4e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Biochemical Phenomena</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biomarkers - blood</topic><topic>Biomarkers - urine</topic><topic>Body Composition - physiology</topic><topic>Bone and Bones - physiology</topic><topic>Bone Density - physiology</topic><topic>BONE LOSS</topic><topic>BONE TURNOVER MARKERS</topic><topic>Calcium - metabolism</topic><topic>Densitometry - methods</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Exercise - physiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nutritional Physiological Phenomena</topic><topic>Parathyroid Hormone - blood</topic><topic>Pelvis - physiology</topic><topic>Resistance Training</topic><topic>Skeleton and joints</topic><topic>SPACE FLIGHT</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Vertebrates: osteoarticular system, musculoskeletal system</topic><topic>VITAMIN D</topic><topic>Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives</topic><topic>Vitamin D - blood</topic><topic>WEIGHTLESSNESS</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Smith, Scott M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heer, Martina A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shackelford, Linda C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sibonga, Jean D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ploutz-Snyder, Lori</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zwart, Sara R</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of bone and mineral research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Smith, Scott M</au><au>Heer, Martina A</au><au>Shackelford, Linda C</au><au>Sibonga, Jean D</au><au>Ploutz-Snyder, Lori</au><au>Zwart, Sara R</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Benefits for bone from resistance exercise and nutrition in long-duration spaceflight: Evidence from biochemistry and densitometry</atitle><jtitle>Journal of bone and mineral research</jtitle><addtitle>J Bone Miner Res</addtitle><date>2012-09</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>27</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>1896</spage><epage>1906</epage><pages>1896-1906</pages><issn>0884-0431</issn><eissn>1523-4681</eissn><coden>JBMREJ</coden><abstract><![CDATA[Exercise has shown little success in mitigating bone loss from long‐duration spaceflight. The first crews of the International Space Station (ISS) used the “interim resistive exercise device” (iRED), which allowed loads of up to 297 lbf (or 1337 N) but provided little protection of bone or no greater protection than aerobic exercise. In 2008, the Advanced Resistive Exercise Device (ARED), which allowed absolute loads of up to 600 lbf (1675 N), was launched to the ISS. We report dietary intake, bone densitometry, and biochemical markers in 13 crewmembers on ISS missions from 2006 to 2009. Of these 13, 8 had access to the iRED and 5 had access to the ARED. In both groups, bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase tended to increase during flight toward the end of the mission (p = 0.06) and increased 30 days after landing (p < 0.001). Most markers of bone resorption were also increased in both groups during flight and 30 days after landing (p < 0.05). Bone densitometry revealed significant interactions (time and exercise device) for pelvis bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (p < 0.01), hip femoral neck BMD (p < 0.05), trochanter BMD (p < 0.05), and total hip BMD (p < 0.05). These variables were unchanged from preflight only for ARED crewmembers, who also returned from flight with higher percent lean mass and lower percent fat mass. Body mass was unchanged after flight in both groups. All crewmembers had nominal vitamin D status (75 ± 17 nmol/L) before and during flight. These data document that resistance exercise, coupled with adequate energy intake (shown by maintenance of body mass determined by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry [DXA]) and vitamin D, can maintain bone in most regions during 4‐ to 6‐month missions in microgravity. This is the first evidence that improving nutrition and resistance exercise during spaceflight can attenuate the expected BMD deficits previously observed after prolonged missions. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.]]></abstract><cop>Hoboken</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</pub><pmid>22549960</pmid><doi>10.1002/jbmr.1647</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Biochemical Phenomena Biological and medical sciences Biomarkers - blood Biomarkers - urine Body Composition - physiology Bone and Bones - physiology Bone Density - physiology BONE LOSS BONE TURNOVER MARKERS Calcium - metabolism Densitometry - methods Diet Exercise - physiology Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Male Middle Aged Nutritional Physiological Phenomena Parathyroid Hormone - blood Pelvis - physiology Resistance Training Skeleton and joints SPACE FLIGHT Time Factors Vertebrates: osteoarticular system, musculoskeletal system VITAMIN D Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives Vitamin D - blood WEIGHTLESSNESS |
| title | Benefits for bone from resistance exercise and nutrition in long-duration spaceflight: Evidence from biochemistry and densitometry |
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