Effects of Exercise Therapy on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Patients with Schizophrenia
Increased mortality in schizophrenia is caused largely by coronary heart disease (CHD). Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a key factor for CHD mortality. We compared CRF in patients with schizophrenia to CRF of matched healthy controls and reference values. Also, we examined the effects of exer...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Medicine and science in sports and exercise 2012-10, Vol.44 (10), p.1834-1842 |
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| description | Increased mortality in schizophrenia is caused largely by coronary heart disease (CHD). Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a key factor for CHD mortality. We compared CRF in patients with schizophrenia to CRF of matched healthy controls and reference values. Also, we examined the effects of exercise therapy on CRF in patients with schizophrenia and in controls.
Sixty-three patients with schizophrenia and 55 controls, matched for gender, age, and socioeconomic status, were randomized to exercise (n = 31) or occupational therapy (n = 32) and controls to exercise (n = 27) or life as usual (n = 28). CRF was assessed with an incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test and defined as the highest relative oxygen uptake (VO(2peak)) and peak work rate (W(peak)). Minimal compliance was 50% of sessions (n = 52).
Male and female patients with schizophrenia had a relative VO(2peak) of 34.3 ± 9.9 and 24.0 ± 4.5 mL.kg(-1).min(-1), respectively. Patients had higher resting HR (P < 0.01) and lower peak HR (P < 0.001), peak systolic blood pressure (P = 0.02), relative VO(2peak) (P < 0.01), W(peak) (P < 0.001), RER (P < 0.001), minute ventilation (P = 0.02), and HR recovery (P < 0.001) than controls. Relative VO(2peak) was 90.5% ± 19.7% (P < 0.01) of predicted relative VO(2peak) in male and 95.9% ± 14.9% (P = 0.18) in female patients. In patients, exercise therapy increased relative VO(2peak) compared with decreased relative VO(2peak) after occupational therapy. In controls, relative VO(2peak) increased after exercise therapy and to a lesser extent after life as usual (group, P < 0.01; randomization, P = 0.03). Exercise therapy increased W(peak) in patients and controls compared with decreased W(peak) in nonexercising patients and controls (P < 0.001).
Patients had lower CRF levels compared with controls and reference values. Exercise therapy increased VO(2peak) and W(peak) in patients and controls. VO(2peak) and W(peak) decreased in nonexercising patients. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318258e120 |
| format | Article |
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Sixty-three patients with schizophrenia and 55 controls, matched for gender, age, and socioeconomic status, were randomized to exercise (n = 31) or occupational therapy (n = 32) and controls to exercise (n = 27) or life as usual (n = 28). CRF was assessed with an incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test and defined as the highest relative oxygen uptake (VO(2peak)) and peak work rate (W(peak)). Minimal compliance was 50% of sessions (n = 52).
Male and female patients with schizophrenia had a relative VO(2peak) of 34.3 ± 9.9 and 24.0 ± 4.5 mL.kg(-1).min(-1), respectively. Patients had higher resting HR (P < 0.01) and lower peak HR (P < 0.001), peak systolic blood pressure (P = 0.02), relative VO(2peak) (P < 0.01), W(peak) (P < 0.001), RER (P < 0.001), minute ventilation (P = 0.02), and HR recovery (P < 0.001) than controls. Relative VO(2peak) was 90.5% ± 19.7% (P < 0.01) of predicted relative VO(2peak) in male and 95.9% ± 14.9% (P = 0.18) in female patients. In patients, exercise therapy increased relative VO(2peak) compared with decreased relative VO(2peak) after occupational therapy. In controls, relative VO(2peak) increased after exercise therapy and to a lesser extent after life as usual (group, P < 0.01; randomization, P = 0.03). Exercise therapy increased W(peak) in patients and controls compared with decreased W(peak) in nonexercising patients and controls (P < 0.001).
Patients had lower CRF levels compared with controls and reference values. Exercise therapy increased VO(2peak) and W(peak) in patients and controls. VO(2peak) and W(peak) decreased in nonexercising patients.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0195-9131</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1530-0315</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318258e120</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22525773</identifier><identifier>CODEN: MSPEDA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</publisher><subject>Adult ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blood Pressure - physiology ; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena ; Coronary Disease - complications ; Coronary Disease - prevention & control ; Exercise Test ; Exercise Therapy ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Heart Rate - physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Oxygen Consumption - physiology ; Physical Fitness - physiology ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena ; Schizophrenia - complications ; Schizophrenia - physiopathology ; Space life sciences ; Vertebrates: body movement. Posture. Locomotion. Flight. Swimming. Physical exercise. Rest. Sports ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 2012-10, Vol.44 (10), p.1834-1842</ispartof><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c416t-ae5de8156b2f8fcc55e395e01c1ff91591d05207fa6bf912a34b59a962416b773</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c416t-ae5de8156b2f8fcc55e395e01c1ff91591d05207fa6bf912a34b59a962416b773</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=26399263$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22525773$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>SCHEEWE, Thomas W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TAKKEN, Tim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KAHN, René S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CAHN, Wiepke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BACKX, Frank J. G</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of Exercise Therapy on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Patients with Schizophrenia</title><title>Medicine and science in sports and exercise</title><addtitle>Med Sci Sports Exerc</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Increased mortality in schizophrenia is caused largely by coronary heart disease (CHD). Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a key factor for CHD mortality. We compared CRF in patients with schizophrenia to CRF of matched healthy controls and reference values. Also, we examined the effects of exercise therapy on CRF in patients with schizophrenia and in controls.
Sixty-three patients with schizophrenia and 55 controls, matched for gender, age, and socioeconomic status, were randomized to exercise (n = 31) or occupational therapy (n = 32) and controls to exercise (n = 27) or life as usual (n = 28). CRF was assessed with an incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test and defined as the highest relative oxygen uptake (VO(2peak)) and peak work rate (W(peak)). Minimal compliance was 50% of sessions (n = 52).
Male and female patients with schizophrenia had a relative VO(2peak) of 34.3 ± 9.9 and 24.0 ± 4.5 mL.kg(-1).min(-1), respectively. Patients had higher resting HR (P < 0.01) and lower peak HR (P < 0.001), peak systolic blood pressure (P = 0.02), relative VO(2peak) (P < 0.01), W(peak) (P < 0.001), RER (P < 0.001), minute ventilation (P = 0.02), and HR recovery (P < 0.001) than controls. Relative VO(2peak) was 90.5% ± 19.7% (P < 0.01) of predicted relative VO(2peak) in male and 95.9% ± 14.9% (P = 0.18) in female patients. In patients, exercise therapy increased relative VO(2peak) compared with decreased relative VO(2peak) after occupational therapy. In controls, relative VO(2peak) increased after exercise therapy and to a lesser extent after life as usual (group, P < 0.01; randomization, P = 0.03). Exercise therapy increased W(peak) in patients and controls compared with decreased W(peak) in nonexercising patients and controls (P < 0.001).
Patients had lower CRF levels compared with controls and reference values. Exercise therapy increased VO(2peak) and W(peak) in patients and controls. VO(2peak) and W(peak) decreased in nonexercising patients.]]></description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blood Pressure - physiology</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena</subject><subject>Coronary Disease - complications</subject><subject>Coronary Disease - prevention & control</subject><subject>Exercise Test</subject><subject>Exercise Therapy</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Heart Rate - physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Oxygen Consumption - physiology</subject><subject>Physical Fitness - physiology</subject><subject>Respiratory Function Tests</subject><subject>Respiratory Physiological Phenomena</subject><subject>Schizophrenia - complications</subject><subject>Schizophrenia - physiopathology</subject><subject>Space life sciences</subject><subject>Vertebrates: body movement. Posture. Locomotion. Flight. Swimming. Physical exercise. Rest. Sports</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0195-9131</issn><issn>1530-0315</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkE1LAzEQhoMoWj_-gUgugpfVTD62m6OUVgVFoRWPSzY7oZF2d022aP31RqwKXrzMMPC8M8xDyDGwc-BSX9xNp-esYiBQQMFVgcDZFhmAEixjAtQ2GTDQKtMgYI_sx_jMGBsKAbtkj3PF1XAoBuRp7BzaPtLW0fEbBusj0tkcg-nWtG3oyITatwFj54Pp27CmE983GCP1DX0wvccmhV99P6dTO_fvbTcP2HhzSHacWUQ82vQD8jgZz0bX2e391c3o8jazEvI-M6hqLEDlFXeFs1YpFFohAwvOaVAaaqY4GzqTV2nmRshKaaNznuJV-uCAnH3t7UL7ssLYl0sfLS4WpsF2Fcv0vJRpTQH_o0wCSC6FTKj8Qm1oYwzoyi74pQnrBJWf9stkv_xrP8VONhdW1RLrn9C37gScbgATrVm4YJok_JfLhdapiA9dK42Q</recordid><startdate>20121001</startdate><enddate>20121001</enddate><creator>SCHEEWE, Thomas W</creator><creator>TAKKEN, Tim</creator><creator>KAHN, René S</creator><creator>CAHN, Wiepke</creator><creator>BACKX, Frank J. G</creator><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20121001</creationdate><title>Effects of Exercise Therapy on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Patients with Schizophrenia</title><author>SCHEEWE, Thomas W ; TAKKEN, Tim ; KAHN, René S ; CAHN, Wiepke ; BACKX, Frank J. G</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c416t-ae5de8156b2f8fcc55e395e01c1ff91591d05207fa6bf912a34b59a962416b773</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blood Pressure - physiology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena</topic><topic>Coronary Disease - complications</topic><topic>Coronary Disease - prevention & control</topic><topic>Exercise Test</topic><topic>Exercise Therapy</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Heart Rate - physiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Oxygen Consumption - physiology</topic><topic>Physical Fitness - physiology</topic><topic>Respiratory Function Tests</topic><topic>Respiratory Physiological Phenomena</topic><topic>Schizophrenia - complications</topic><topic>Schizophrenia - physiopathology</topic><topic>Space life sciences</topic><topic>Vertebrates: body movement. Posture. Locomotion. Flight. Swimming. Physical exercise. Rest. Sports</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>SCHEEWE, Thomas W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TAKKEN, Tim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KAHN, René S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CAHN, Wiepke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BACKX, Frank J. G</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Medicine and science in sports and exercise</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>SCHEEWE, Thomas W</au><au>TAKKEN, Tim</au><au>KAHN, René S</au><au>CAHN, Wiepke</au><au>BACKX, Frank J. G</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of Exercise Therapy on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Patients with Schizophrenia</atitle><jtitle>Medicine and science in sports and exercise</jtitle><addtitle>Med Sci Sports Exerc</addtitle><date>2012-10-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>44</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>1834</spage><epage>1842</epage><pages>1834-1842</pages><issn>0195-9131</issn><eissn>1530-0315</eissn><coden>MSPEDA</coden><abstract><![CDATA[Increased mortality in schizophrenia is caused largely by coronary heart disease (CHD). Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a key factor for CHD mortality. We compared CRF in patients with schizophrenia to CRF of matched healthy controls and reference values. Also, we examined the effects of exercise therapy on CRF in patients with schizophrenia and in controls.
Sixty-three patients with schizophrenia and 55 controls, matched for gender, age, and socioeconomic status, were randomized to exercise (n = 31) or occupational therapy (n = 32) and controls to exercise (n = 27) or life as usual (n = 28). CRF was assessed with an incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test and defined as the highest relative oxygen uptake (VO(2peak)) and peak work rate (W(peak)). Minimal compliance was 50% of sessions (n = 52).
Male and female patients with schizophrenia had a relative VO(2peak) of 34.3 ± 9.9 and 24.0 ± 4.5 mL.kg(-1).min(-1), respectively. Patients had higher resting HR (P < 0.01) and lower peak HR (P < 0.001), peak systolic blood pressure (P = 0.02), relative VO(2peak) (P < 0.01), W(peak) (P < 0.001), RER (P < 0.001), minute ventilation (P = 0.02), and HR recovery (P < 0.001) than controls. Relative VO(2peak) was 90.5% ± 19.7% (P < 0.01) of predicted relative VO(2peak) in male and 95.9% ± 14.9% (P = 0.18) in female patients. In patients, exercise therapy increased relative VO(2peak) compared with decreased relative VO(2peak) after occupational therapy. In controls, relative VO(2peak) increased after exercise therapy and to a lesser extent after life as usual (group, P < 0.01; randomization, P = 0.03). Exercise therapy increased W(peak) in patients and controls compared with decreased W(peak) in nonexercising patients and controls (P < 0.001).
Patients had lower CRF levels compared with controls and reference values. Exercise therapy increased VO(2peak) and W(peak) in patients and controls. VO(2peak) and W(peak) decreased in nonexercising patients.]]></abstract><cop>Hagerstown, MD</cop><pub>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</pub><pmid>22525773</pmid><doi>10.1249/MSS.0b013e318258e120</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Biological and medical sciences Blood Pressure - physiology Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena Coronary Disease - complications Coronary Disease - prevention & control Exercise Test Exercise Therapy Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Heart Rate - physiology Humans Male Oxygen Consumption - physiology Physical Fitness - physiology Respiratory Function Tests Respiratory Physiological Phenomena Schizophrenia - complications Schizophrenia - physiopathology Space life sciences Vertebrates: body movement. Posture. Locomotion. Flight. Swimming. Physical exercise. Rest. Sports Young Adult |
| title | Effects of Exercise Therapy on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Patients with Schizophrenia |
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