Worry as a Predictor of Fear Acquisition in a Nonclinical Sample
People seem to differ in their conditionability, that is, the ease by which fear associations (neutral stimulus–unconditioned stimulus [CS-US] contingencies) are learned. Recently, the level of trait worry has been proposed as a predictor of heightened conditionability. The current research aimed to...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Behavior modification 2012-09, Vol.36 (5), p.723-750 |
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| creator | Joos, Els Vansteenwegen, Debora Hermans, Dirk |
| description | People seem to differ in their conditionability, that is, the ease by which fear associations (neutral stimulus–unconditioned stimulus [CS-US] contingencies) are learned. Recently, the level of trait worry has been proposed as a predictor of heightened conditionability. The current research aimed to (a) further investigate this influence of individual differences in trait worry on the strength of fear acquisition, (b) explore whether this association could be explained by trait anxiety, and (c) assess possible underlying mechanisms of this relationship. In a nonclinical sample, the amount of trait worry predicted heightened conditionability in a differential fear conditioning paradigm, both in fear ratings and in performance on a secondary probe reaction time task. A significant correlation was observed for general conditioning to the CS+ and also for differential conditioning (taking into account excitatory and inhibitory responding) in Experiment 1. These associations could not be fully explained by trait anxiety. US inflation and strengthening of the CS-US contingency through rehearsal are discussed as possible underlying mechanisms. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/0145445512446477 |
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Recently, the level of trait worry has been proposed as a predictor of heightened conditionability. The current research aimed to (a) further investigate this influence of individual differences in trait worry on the strength of fear acquisition, (b) explore whether this association could be explained by trait anxiety, and (c) assess possible underlying mechanisms of this relationship. In a nonclinical sample, the amount of trait worry predicted heightened conditionability in a differential fear conditioning paradigm, both in fear ratings and in performance on a secondary probe reaction time task. A significant correlation was observed for general conditioning to the CS+ and also for differential conditioning (taking into account excitatory and inhibitory responding) in Experiment 1. These associations could not be fully explained by trait anxiety. US inflation and strengthening of the CS-US contingency through rehearsal are discussed as possible underlying mechanisms.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0145-4455</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1552-4167</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/0145445512446477</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22679241</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BEMODA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Affectivity. Emotion ; Anxiety ; Anxiety - psychology ; Behavior modification ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cognition & reasoning ; Conditioning ; Conditioning, Classical - physiology ; Correlation ; Economic Climate ; Emotions - physiology ; Experimental psychology ; Facial Expression ; Fear ; Fear & phobias ; Fear - psychology ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Galvanic Skin Response ; Human ; Humans ; Individual Differences ; Learning. Memory ; Male ; Personality. Affectivity ; Photic Stimulation ; Predictor Variables ; Psychological Patterns ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychophysiology ; Questionnaires ; Reaction Time ; Response time ; Stimuli ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Task Analysis ; Worry ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Behavior modification, 2012-09, Vol.36 (5), p.723-750</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2012</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC. 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Recently, the level of trait worry has been proposed as a predictor of heightened conditionability. The current research aimed to (a) further investigate this influence of individual differences in trait worry on the strength of fear acquisition, (b) explore whether this association could be explained by trait anxiety, and (c) assess possible underlying mechanisms of this relationship. In a nonclinical sample, the amount of trait worry predicted heightened conditionability in a differential fear conditioning paradigm, both in fear ratings and in performance on a secondary probe reaction time task. A significant correlation was observed for general conditioning to the CS+ and also for differential conditioning (taking into account excitatory and inhibitory responding) in Experiment 1. These associations could not be fully explained by trait anxiety. US inflation and strengthening of the CS-US contingency through rehearsal are discussed as possible underlying mechanisms.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Affectivity. Emotion</subject><subject>Anxiety</subject><subject>Anxiety - psychology</subject><subject>Behavior modification</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cognition & reasoning</subject><subject>Conditioning</subject><subject>Conditioning, Classical - physiology</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Economic Climate</subject><subject>Emotions - physiology</subject><subject>Experimental psychology</subject><subject>Facial Expression</subject><subject>Fear</subject><subject>Fear & phobias</subject><subject>Fear - psychology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Galvanic Skin Response</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Individual Differences</subject><subject>Learning. Memory</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Personality. Affectivity</subject><subject>Photic Stimulation</subject><subject>Predictor Variables</subject><subject>Psychological Patterns</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychophysiology</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Reaction Time</subject><subject>Response time</subject><subject>Stimuli</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Task Analysis</subject><subject>Worry</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0145-4455</issn><issn>1552-4167</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kEtLAzEYRYMotlb3LkQGRHAzmszk0ewspfVBUUHF5ZDmISnTSZvMLPrvzdhapeAqi3u-y8kF4BTBa4QYu4EIE4wJQRnGFDO2B7qIkCzFiLJ90G3jtM074CiEGYQQM54fgk6WUcYzjLrg9sN5v0pESETy4rWysnY-cSYZa-GTgVw2NtjauiqxVUSeXCVLW1kpyuRVzBelPgYHRpRBn2zeHngfj96G9-nk-e5hOJikMsrUKRXSEKOMUEIYnUtjcimnGkkIVT-bGpjLnEGSQ6VyqjTnlGFqBIdTRRWJ1j1wte5deLdsdKiLuQ1Sl6WotGtCgSCGnBOYk4he7KAz1_gq2n1T_YwT1o8UXFPSuxC8NsXC27nwqwgV7brF7rrx5HxT3EznWm0PfuaMwOUGECFOZLyopA2_HGUQcdwWna057a3cxqNHHj9KcIzTdRzEp_4r_4_XFzbBlk4</recordid><startdate>20120901</startdate><enddate>20120901</enddate><creator>Joos, Els</creator><creator>Vansteenwegen, Debora</creator><creator>Hermans, Dirk</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><general>Sage Publications</general><general>SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC</general><scope>7SW</scope><scope>BJH</scope><scope>BNH</scope><scope>BNI</scope><scope>BNJ</scope><scope>BNO</scope><scope>ERI</scope><scope>PET</scope><scope>REK</scope><scope>WWN</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120901</creationdate><title>Worry as a Predictor of Fear Acquisition in a Nonclinical Sample</title><author>Joos, Els ; Vansteenwegen, Debora ; Hermans, Dirk</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c416t-6acf5fdfadaafe3cff3ccbe1c00d82bf03c370530dd36de996746fa90bd6d5793</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Affectivity. Emotion</topic><topic>Anxiety</topic><topic>Anxiety - psychology</topic><topic>Behavior modification</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cognition & reasoning</topic><topic>Conditioning</topic><topic>Conditioning, Classical - physiology</topic><topic>Correlation</topic><topic>Economic Climate</topic><topic>Emotions - physiology</topic><topic>Experimental psychology</topic><topic>Facial Expression</topic><topic>Fear</topic><topic>Fear & phobias</topic><topic>Fear - psychology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Galvanic Skin Response</topic><topic>Human</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Individual Differences</topic><topic>Learning. Memory</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Personality. Affectivity</topic><topic>Photic Stimulation</topic><topic>Predictor Variables</topic><topic>Psychological Patterns</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychophysiology</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Reaction Time</topic><topic>Response time</topic><topic>Stimuli</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Task Analysis</topic><topic>Worry</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Joos, Els</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vansteenwegen, Debora</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hermans, Dirk</creatorcontrib><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Ovid)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>ERIC( SilverPlatter )</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Behavior modification</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Joos, Els</au><au>Vansteenwegen, Debora</au><au>Hermans, Dirk</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ979354</ericid><atitle>Worry as a Predictor of Fear Acquisition in a Nonclinical Sample</atitle><jtitle>Behavior modification</jtitle><addtitle>Behav Modif</addtitle><date>2012-09-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>36</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>723</spage><epage>750</epage><pages>723-750</pages><issn>0145-4455</issn><eissn>1552-4167</eissn><coden>BEMODA</coden><abstract>People seem to differ in their conditionability, that is, the ease by which fear associations (neutral stimulus–unconditioned stimulus [CS-US] contingencies) are learned. Recently, the level of trait worry has been proposed as a predictor of heightened conditionability. The current research aimed to (a) further investigate this influence of individual differences in trait worry on the strength of fear acquisition, (b) explore whether this association could be explained by trait anxiety, and (c) assess possible underlying mechanisms of this relationship. In a nonclinical sample, the amount of trait worry predicted heightened conditionability in a differential fear conditioning paradigm, both in fear ratings and in performance on a secondary probe reaction time task. A significant correlation was observed for general conditioning to the CS+ and also for differential conditioning (taking into account excitatory and inhibitory responding) in Experiment 1. These associations could not be fully explained by trait anxiety. 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| subjects | Adolescent Affectivity. Emotion Anxiety Anxiety - psychology Behavior modification Biological and medical sciences Cognition & reasoning Conditioning Conditioning, Classical - physiology Correlation Economic Climate Emotions - physiology Experimental psychology Facial Expression Fear Fear & phobias Fear - psychology Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Galvanic Skin Response Human Humans Individual Differences Learning. Memory Male Personality. Affectivity Photic Stimulation Predictor Variables Psychological Patterns Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Questionnaires Reaction Time Response time Stimuli Surveys and Questionnaires Task Analysis Worry Young Adult |
| title | Worry as a Predictor of Fear Acquisition in a Nonclinical Sample |
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