Second-Order Chlorine Decay and Trihalomethanes Formation in a Pilot-Scale Water Distribution Systems
It is well known that model-building of chlorine decay in real water distribution systems is difficult because chlorine decay is influenced by many factors (e.g., bulk water demand, pipe-wall demand, piping material, flow velocity, and residence time). In this paper, experiments were run to investig...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Water environment research 2012-08, Vol.84 (8), p.656-661 |
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| creator | Cong, Li Yang, Y. Jeffrey Jieze, Yu Tu-qiao, Zhang Xinwei, Mao Weiyun, Shao |
| description | It is well known that model-building of chlorine decay in real water distribution systems is difficult because chlorine decay is influenced by many factors (e.g., bulk water demand, pipe-wall demand, piping material, flow velocity, and residence time). In this paper, experiments were run to investigate the kinetic model of chlorine decay and the formation model of trihalomethanes (THMs) in pilot-scale water distribution systems. Experimental results show that the rate constants of chlorine decay, including wall decay and bulk decay, increasing with temperature. Moreover, the kinetic model of chlorine decay and the formation model of THMs describe experiment data of pilot-scale water distribution systems. The effect of different piping material on chlorine decay and THMs formation were also investigated. The rate constants of chlorine decay are ranked in order: stainless steel pipe, ductile iron pipe, and last, polyethelene pipe because wall decay is the largest in stainless steel pipe than that in other piping material. Correspondingly, the rate of THMs formation follows the order of stainless steel pipe, ductile iron pipe, and last, polyethelene pipe because of less chlorine in bulk water reacting with the trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP). |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2175/106143012X13373550427390 |
| format | Article |
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Jeffrey ; Jieze, Yu ; Tu-qiao, Zhang ; Xinwei, Mao ; Weiyun, Shao</creator><creatorcontrib>Cong, Li ; Yang, Y. Jeffrey ; Jieze, Yu ; Tu-qiao, Zhang ; Xinwei, Mao ; Weiyun, Shao</creatorcontrib><description>It is well known that model-building of chlorine decay in real water distribution systems is difficult because chlorine decay is influenced by many factors (e.g., bulk water demand, pipe-wall demand, piping material, flow velocity, and residence time). In this paper, experiments were run to investigate the kinetic model of chlorine decay and the formation model of trihalomethanes (THMs) in pilot-scale water distribution systems. Experimental results show that the rate constants of chlorine decay, including wall decay and bulk decay, increasing with temperature. Moreover, the kinetic model of chlorine decay and the formation model of THMs describe experiment data of pilot-scale water distribution systems. The effect of different piping material on chlorine decay and THMs formation were also investigated. The rate constants of chlorine decay are ranked in order: stainless steel pipe, ductile iron pipe, and last, polyethelene pipe because wall decay is the largest in stainless steel pipe than that in other piping material. Correspondingly, the rate of THMs formation follows the order of stainless steel pipe, ductile iron pipe, and last, polyethelene pipe because of less chlorine in bulk water reacting with the trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP).</description><identifier>ISSN: 1061-4303</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1554-7531</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2175/106143012X13373550427390</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22953450</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Water Environment Federation 601 Wythe Street Alexandria, VA 22314‐1994 U.S.A: Water Environment Federation</publisher><subject>Applied sciences ; Chlorine ; Chlorine - chemistry ; chlorine decay ; Diffusion coefficient ; disinfection by‐products ; Exact sciences and technology ; Flow velocity ; Iron ; Kinetics ; Pilot Projects ; Pollution ; Polyethylene ; Sanitary Engineering - instrumentation ; Stainless Steel ; Stainless steels ; Tap water ; trihalomethanes (THMs) formation ; Trihalomethanes - chemistry ; Turbulence models ; Turbulent flow ; water distribution systems ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry ; Water Supply ; Water supply systems</subject><ispartof>Water environment research, 2012-08, Vol.84 (8), p.656-661</ispartof><rights>2011 WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION</rights><rights>2012 Water Environment Federation</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Water Environment Federation Aug 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4496-c1c70b7015db1d164104cbe034610a68d58a2890b5e337e665202ad216231ef63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4496-c1c70b7015db1d164104cbe034610a68d58a2890b5e337e665202ad216231ef63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/42569465$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/42569465$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,1416,27922,27923,45572,45573,58015,58248</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=26254779$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22953450$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cong, Li</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Y. Jeffrey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jieze, Yu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tu-qiao, Zhang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xinwei, Mao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiyun, Shao</creatorcontrib><title>Second-Order Chlorine Decay and Trihalomethanes Formation in a Pilot-Scale Water Distribution Systems</title><title>Water environment research</title><addtitle>Water Environ Res</addtitle><description>It is well known that model-building of chlorine decay in real water distribution systems is difficult because chlorine decay is influenced by many factors (e.g., bulk water demand, pipe-wall demand, piping material, flow velocity, and residence time). In this paper, experiments were run to investigate the kinetic model of chlorine decay and the formation model of trihalomethanes (THMs) in pilot-scale water distribution systems. Experimental results show that the rate constants of chlorine decay, including wall decay and bulk decay, increasing with temperature. Moreover, the kinetic model of chlorine decay and the formation model of THMs describe experiment data of pilot-scale water distribution systems. The effect of different piping material on chlorine decay and THMs formation were also investigated. The rate constants of chlorine decay are ranked in order: stainless steel pipe, ductile iron pipe, and last, polyethelene pipe because wall decay is the largest in stainless steel pipe than that in other piping material. Correspondingly, the rate of THMs formation follows the order of stainless steel pipe, ductile iron pipe, and last, polyethelene pipe because of less chlorine in bulk water reacting with the trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP).</description><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Chlorine</subject><subject>Chlorine - chemistry</subject><subject>chlorine decay</subject><subject>Diffusion coefficient</subject><subject>disinfection by‐products</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Flow velocity</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Kinetics</subject><subject>Pilot Projects</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Polyethylene</subject><subject>Sanitary Engineering - instrumentation</subject><subject>Stainless Steel</subject><subject>Stainless steels</subject><subject>Tap water</subject><subject>trihalomethanes (THMs) formation</subject><subject>Trihalomethanes - chemistry</subject><subject>Turbulence models</subject><subject>Turbulent flow</subject><subject>water distribution systems</subject><subject>Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry</subject><subject>Water Supply</subject><subject>Water supply systems</subject><issn>1061-4303</issn><issn>1554-7531</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0U1r3DAQBmBRUpqP9ic0CEKgFzejb_uQQ9kkbSGQ0E1Jb0aWZ1kttpVKNmH_fbXZbQqFQE7S4XlHoxlCKIPPnBl1xkAzKYDxX0wII5QCyY2o4A05YErJwijB9vI9syI7sU8OU1pBDnCQ78g-55USUsEBwTm6MLTFTWwx0tmyC9EPSC_Q2TW1Q0vvol_aLvQ4Lu2AiV6F2NvRh4H6gVp667swFnNnO6T3dsw1Lnwao2-mJzNfpxH79J68Xdgu4YfdeUR-Xl3ezb4V1zdfv8--XBdOykoXjjkDjQGm2oa1TEsG0jUIQmoGVpetKi0vK2gU5m-j1ooDty1nmguGCy2OyKdt3YcYfk-Yxrr3yWHX5dbDlGoGotS5fGkyPfmPrsIUh9zdRnFT5jnKrMqtcjGkFHFRP0Tf27jOqN6son5pFTl6vHtganpsn4N_Z5_B6Q7YlOe3iHZwPv1zmitpTJXd-dY9-g7Xr26gvr_8AVpthvJxm1-lMcTnvORKV1Ir8QfKEKlc</recordid><startdate>201208</startdate><enddate>201208</enddate><creator>Cong, Li</creator><creator>Yang, Y. Jeffrey</creator><creator>Jieze, Yu</creator><creator>Tu-qiao, Zhang</creator><creator>Xinwei, Mao</creator><creator>Weiyun, Shao</creator><general>Water Environment Federation</general><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201208</creationdate><title>Second-Order Chlorine Decay and Trihalomethanes Formation in a Pilot-Scale Water Distribution Systems</title><author>Cong, Li ; Yang, Y. Jeffrey ; Jieze, Yu ; Tu-qiao, Zhang ; Xinwei, Mao ; Weiyun, Shao</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4496-c1c70b7015db1d164104cbe034610a68d58a2890b5e337e665202ad216231ef63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Chlorine</topic><topic>Chlorine - chemistry</topic><topic>chlorine decay</topic><topic>Diffusion coefficient</topic><topic>disinfection by‐products</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Flow velocity</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>Kinetics</topic><topic>Pilot Projects</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Polyethylene</topic><topic>Sanitary Engineering - instrumentation</topic><topic>Stainless Steel</topic><topic>Stainless steels</topic><topic>Tap water</topic><topic>trihalomethanes (THMs) formation</topic><topic>Trihalomethanes - chemistry</topic><topic>Turbulence models</topic><topic>Turbulent flow</topic><topic>water distribution systems</topic><topic>Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry</topic><topic>Water Supply</topic><topic>Water supply systems</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cong, Li</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Y. Jeffrey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jieze, Yu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tu-qiao, Zhang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xinwei, Mao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiyun, Shao</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Water environment research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cong, Li</au><au>Yang, Y. Jeffrey</au><au>Jieze, Yu</au><au>Tu-qiao, Zhang</au><au>Xinwei, Mao</au><au>Weiyun, Shao</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Second-Order Chlorine Decay and Trihalomethanes Formation in a Pilot-Scale Water Distribution Systems</atitle><jtitle>Water environment research</jtitle><addtitle>Water Environ Res</addtitle><date>2012-08</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>84</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>656</spage><epage>661</epage><pages>656-661</pages><issn>1061-4303</issn><eissn>1554-7531</eissn><abstract>It is well known that model-building of chlorine decay in real water distribution systems is difficult because chlorine decay is influenced by many factors (e.g., bulk water demand, pipe-wall demand, piping material, flow velocity, and residence time). In this paper, experiments were run to investigate the kinetic model of chlorine decay and the formation model of trihalomethanes (THMs) in pilot-scale water distribution systems. Experimental results show that the rate constants of chlorine decay, including wall decay and bulk decay, increasing with temperature. Moreover, the kinetic model of chlorine decay and the formation model of THMs describe experiment data of pilot-scale water distribution systems. The effect of different piping material on chlorine decay and THMs formation were also investigated. The rate constants of chlorine decay are ranked in order: stainless steel pipe, ductile iron pipe, and last, polyethelene pipe because wall decay is the largest in stainless steel pipe than that in other piping material. Correspondingly, the rate of THMs formation follows the order of stainless steel pipe, ductile iron pipe, and last, polyethelene pipe because of less chlorine in bulk water reacting with the trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP).</abstract><cop>Water Environment Federation 601 Wythe Street Alexandria, VA 22314‐1994 U.S.A</cop><pub>Water Environment Federation</pub><pmid>22953450</pmid><doi>10.2175/106143012X13373550427390</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Water environment research, 2012-08, Vol.84 (8), p.656-661 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing; Wiley Online Library All Journals |
| subjects | Applied sciences Chlorine Chlorine - chemistry chlorine decay Diffusion coefficient disinfection by‐products Exact sciences and technology Flow velocity Iron Kinetics Pilot Projects Pollution Polyethylene Sanitary Engineering - instrumentation Stainless Steel Stainless steels Tap water trihalomethanes (THMs) formation Trihalomethanes - chemistry Turbulence models Turbulent flow water distribution systems Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry Water Supply Water supply systems |
| title | Second-Order Chlorine Decay and Trihalomethanes Formation in a Pilot-Scale Water Distribution Systems |
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