Longitudinal Patterns of Functional Recovery in Patients With Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury Receiving Activity-Based Rehabilitation

Abstract Lorenz DJ, Datta S, Harkema SJ. Longitudinal patterns of functional recovery in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury receiving activity-based rehabilitation. Objective To model the progression of 3 functional outcome measures from patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) rec...

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Veröffentlicht in:Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 2012-09, Vol.93 (9), p.1541-1552
Hauptverfasser: Lorenz, Douglas J., PhD, Datta, Somnath, PhD, Harkema, Susan J., PhD
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container_title Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
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creator Lorenz, Douglas J., PhD
Datta, Somnath, PhD
Harkema, Susan J., PhD
description Abstract Lorenz DJ, Datta S, Harkema SJ. Longitudinal patterns of functional recovery in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury receiving activity-based rehabilitation. Objective To model the progression of 3 functional outcome measures from patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) receiving standardized locomotor training. Design Observational cohort. Setting The NeuroRecovery Network (NRN), a specialized network of treatment centers providing standardized, activity-based therapy for SCI patients. Participants Patients (N=337) with incomplete SCI (grade C or D on the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury scale) who were enrolled in the NRN between February 2008 and March 2011. Intervention All enrolled patients received standardized locomotor training sessions, as established by NRN protocol, and were evaluated monthly for progress. Main Outcome Measures Berg Balance Scale, 6-minute walk test, and 10-meter walk test. Progression over time was analyzed via the fitting of linear mixed effects models. Results There was significant improvement on each outcome measure and significant attenuation of improvement over time. Patients varied significantly across groups defined by recovery status and American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grade at enrollment with respect to baseline performance and rates of change over time. Time since SCI was a significant determinant of the rate of recovery for all measures. Conclusions Locomotor training, as implemented in the NRN, results in significant improvement in functional outcome measures as treatment sessions accumulate. Variability in patterns of recovery over time suggest that time since SCI and patient functional status at enrollment, as measured by the Neuromuscular Recovery Scale, are important predictors of performance and recovery as measured by the targeted outcome measures.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.01.027
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Longitudinal patterns of functional recovery in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury receiving activity-based rehabilitation. Objective To model the progression of 3 functional outcome measures from patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) receiving standardized locomotor training. Design Observational cohort. Setting The NeuroRecovery Network (NRN), a specialized network of treatment centers providing standardized, activity-based therapy for SCI patients. Participants Patients (N=337) with incomplete SCI (grade C or D on the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury scale) who were enrolled in the NRN between February 2008 and March 2011. Intervention All enrolled patients received standardized locomotor training sessions, as established by NRN protocol, and were evaluated monthly for progress. Main Outcome Measures Berg Balance Scale, 6-minute walk test, and 10-meter walk test. Progression over time was analyzed via the fitting of linear mixed effects models. Results There was significant improvement on each outcome measure and significant attenuation of improvement over time. Patients varied significantly across groups defined by recovery status and American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grade at enrollment with respect to baseline performance and rates of change over time. Time since SCI was a significant determinant of the rate of recovery for all measures. Conclusions Locomotor training, as implemented in the NRN, results in significant improvement in functional outcome measures as treatment sessions accumulate. Variability in patterns of recovery over time suggest that time since SCI and patient functional status at enrollment, as measured by the Neuromuscular Recovery Scale, are important predictors of performance and recovery as measured by the targeted outcome measures.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-9993</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-821X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.01.027</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22920451</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Age Factors ; Exercise Therapy - methods ; Female ; Gait ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) - methods ; Outpatients ; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation ; Postural Balance ; Prospective Studies ; Recovery of Function ; Rehabilitation ; Rehabilitation Centers ; Spinal cord injuries ; Spinal Cord Injuries - epidemiology ; Spinal Cord Injuries - rehabilitation ; Time Factors ; Trauma Severity Indices ; Walking</subject><ispartof>Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2012-09, Vol.93 (9), p.1541-1552</ispartof><rights>American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine</rights><rights>2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine</rights><rights>Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c444t-c83eb6efde400c86287ccabbb7d1be3463583ac6a08f5560435e7f0e244ba6ff3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c444t-c83eb6efde400c86287ccabbb7d1be3463583ac6a08f5560435e7f0e244ba6ff3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003999312002869$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65534</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22920451$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lorenz, Douglas J., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Datta, Somnath, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harkema, Susan J., PhD</creatorcontrib><title>Longitudinal Patterns of Functional Recovery in Patients With Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury Receiving Activity-Based Rehabilitation</title><title>Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation</title><addtitle>Arch Phys Med Rehabil</addtitle><description>Abstract Lorenz DJ, Datta S, Harkema SJ. Longitudinal patterns of functional recovery in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury receiving activity-based rehabilitation. Objective To model the progression of 3 functional outcome measures from patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) receiving standardized locomotor training. Design Observational cohort. Setting The NeuroRecovery Network (NRN), a specialized network of treatment centers providing standardized, activity-based therapy for SCI patients. Participants Patients (N=337) with incomplete SCI (grade C or D on the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury scale) who were enrolled in the NRN between February 2008 and March 2011. Intervention All enrolled patients received standardized locomotor training sessions, as established by NRN protocol, and were evaluated monthly for progress. Main Outcome Measures Berg Balance Scale, 6-minute walk test, and 10-meter walk test. Progression over time was analyzed via the fitting of linear mixed effects models. Results There was significant improvement on each outcome measure and significant attenuation of improvement over time. Patients varied significantly across groups defined by recovery status and American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grade at enrollment with respect to baseline performance and rates of change over time. Time since SCI was a significant determinant of the rate of recovery for all measures. Conclusions Locomotor training, as implemented in the NRN, results in significant improvement in functional outcome measures as treatment sessions accumulate. Variability in patterns of recovery over time suggest that time since SCI and patient functional status at enrollment, as measured by the Neuromuscular Recovery Scale, are important predictors of performance and recovery as measured by the targeted outcome measures.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Exercise Therapy - methods</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gait</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Outcome Assessment (Health Care) - methods</subject><subject>Outpatients</subject><subject>Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation</subject><subject>Postural Balance</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Recovery of Function</subject><subject>Rehabilitation</subject><subject>Rehabilitation Centers</subject><subject>Spinal cord injuries</subject><subject>Spinal Cord Injuries - epidemiology</subject><subject>Spinal Cord Injuries - rehabilitation</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Trauma Severity Indices</subject><subject>Walking</subject><issn>0003-9993</issn><issn>1532-821X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkk9v1DAQxS0EotvCF-CAcuSS4H9JHAkhlVULlVYCURDcLMeZtA6JHWxnpT3zxeuwhQMHerI8_r038rxB6AXBBcGkej0Uap58QTGhBSYFpvUjtCElo7mg5PtjtMEYs7xpGnaCTkMY0rUqGXmKTihtKOYl2aBfO2dvTFw6Y9WYfVIxgrchc312uVgdjVvLn0G7PfhDZuyKGLAxZN9MvM2urHbTPEKE7Hr-bbF1vkvlYUl40oHZG3uTnServYmH_J0K0KWHW9Wa0US1dniGnvRqDPD8_jxDXy8vvmw_5LuP76-257tcc85jrgWDtoK-A46xFhUVtdaqbdu6Iy0wXrFSMKUrhUVflhXmrIS6x0A5b1XV9-wMvTr6zt79XCBEOZmgYRyVBbcESRjhvGxqKh5GMSvTKAUjCaVHVHsXgodezt5Myh8SJNec5CDXnOSak8REppyS6OW9_9JO0P2V_AkmAW-OAKSB7A14GXSau4bOeNBRds783__tP3I9Gmu0Gn_AAcLgFp_CSv-QIWnk9bop66IQijEVVcPuALsEuyQ</recordid><startdate>20120901</startdate><enddate>20120901</enddate><creator>Lorenz, Douglas J., PhD</creator><creator>Datta, Somnath, PhD</creator><creator>Harkema, Susan J., PhD</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120901</creationdate><title>Longitudinal Patterns of Functional Recovery in Patients With Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury Receiving Activity-Based Rehabilitation</title><author>Lorenz, Douglas J., PhD ; Datta, Somnath, PhD ; Harkema, Susan J., PhD</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c444t-c83eb6efde400c86287ccabbb7d1be3463583ac6a08f5560435e7f0e244ba6ff3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>Exercise Therapy - methods</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gait</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Outcome Assessment (Health Care) - methods</topic><topic>Outpatients</topic><topic>Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation</topic><topic>Postural Balance</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Recovery of Function</topic><topic>Rehabilitation</topic><topic>Rehabilitation Centers</topic><topic>Spinal cord injuries</topic><topic>Spinal Cord Injuries - epidemiology</topic><topic>Spinal Cord Injuries - rehabilitation</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Trauma Severity Indices</topic><topic>Walking</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lorenz, Douglas J., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Datta, Somnath, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harkema, Susan J., PhD</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lorenz, Douglas J., PhD</au><au>Datta, Somnath, PhD</au><au>Harkema, Susan J., PhD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Longitudinal Patterns of Functional Recovery in Patients With Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury Receiving Activity-Based Rehabilitation</atitle><jtitle>Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation</jtitle><addtitle>Arch Phys Med Rehabil</addtitle><date>2012-09-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>93</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>1541</spage><epage>1552</epage><pages>1541-1552</pages><issn>0003-9993</issn><eissn>1532-821X</eissn><abstract>Abstract Lorenz DJ, Datta S, Harkema SJ. Longitudinal patterns of functional recovery in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury receiving activity-based rehabilitation. Objective To model the progression of 3 functional outcome measures from patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) receiving standardized locomotor training. Design Observational cohort. Setting The NeuroRecovery Network (NRN), a specialized network of treatment centers providing standardized, activity-based therapy for SCI patients. Participants Patients (N=337) with incomplete SCI (grade C or D on the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury scale) who were enrolled in the NRN between February 2008 and March 2011. Intervention All enrolled patients received standardized locomotor training sessions, as established by NRN protocol, and were evaluated monthly for progress. Main Outcome Measures Berg Balance Scale, 6-minute walk test, and 10-meter walk test. Progression over time was analyzed via the fitting of linear mixed effects models. Results There was significant improvement on each outcome measure and significant attenuation of improvement over time. Patients varied significantly across groups defined by recovery status and American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grade at enrollment with respect to baseline performance and rates of change over time. Time since SCI was a significant determinant of the rate of recovery for all measures. Conclusions Locomotor training, as implemented in the NRN, results in significant improvement in functional outcome measures as treatment sessions accumulate. Variability in patterns of recovery over time suggest that time since SCI and patient functional status at enrollment, as measured by the Neuromuscular Recovery Scale, are important predictors of performance and recovery as measured by the targeted outcome measures.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>22920451</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.apmr.2012.01.027</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record>
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source MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals
subjects Adult
Age Factors
Exercise Therapy - methods
Female
Gait
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Outcome Assessment (Health Care) - methods
Outpatients
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Postural Balance
Prospective Studies
Recovery of Function
Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation Centers
Spinal cord injuries
Spinal Cord Injuries - epidemiology
Spinal Cord Injuries - rehabilitation
Time Factors
Trauma Severity Indices
Walking
title Longitudinal Patterns of Functional Recovery in Patients With Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury Receiving Activity-Based Rehabilitation
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