Heroism, Raison d'état, and National Communism: Red Nationalism in the Cinema of People's Poland

Using archival sources, film reviews, interviews, secondary sources and movies, this article examines a Polish nationalist-communist school of directors who supported the Communist Party regime in constructing a new ethos, which consisted of ethnocentric nationalism and authoritarian nation state id...

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Veröffentlicht in:Contemporary European history 2012-05, Vol.21 (2), p.235-256
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description Using archival sources, film reviews, interviews, secondary sources and movies, this article examines a Polish nationalist-communist school of directors who supported the Communist Party regime in constructing a new ethos, which consisted of ethnocentric nationalism and authoritarian nation state ideology. It demonstrates how the party state tried to legitimise itself by endorsing popular culture, specifically mainstream cinema. It also argues that National Communism inevitably led to the nationalist-authoritarian fusion, which set up the conditions for a pluralist and polyphonic realm, outside, but also within the ruling camp. Cet article examine, à l'aide d'archives, de revues critiques cinématiques, de sources secondaires et des films eux-mêmes, une école polonaise nationale-communiste de réalisateurs qui offraient leur soutien au parti communiste. Celui-ci élaborait une nouvelle éthique, consistant d'un ethno-centrisme nationaliste et d'une idéologie autoritaire de l'état-nation. L'article montre les efforts faits par l'état pour se montrer légitime en endossant la culture et en particulier le cinéma populaires. Il affirme que le communisme national entraîna inévitablement une fusion entre nationalisme et autoritarisme, ce qui favorisa par la suite l'émergence d'un régime pluraliste et polyphonique, aussi bien autour qu'au cœur du cercle des dirigeants nationaux. Auf der Basis von Archivquellen, Filmrezensionen, Filmen, Interviews und Sekundärliteratur möchte dieser Artikel die polnische national-kommunistische Schule von Regisseuren untersuchen, welche das Regime der kommunistischen Partei unterstützten, indem sie ein neues Ethos rekonstruierten, welches aus einer Melange von ethnozentrischem Nationalismus und autoritärer Nationalstaatsideologie bestand. Der Artikel zeigt, wie der Parteistaat sich durch den Bezug auf Populärkultur Legitimität zu verschaffen versuchte, besonders durch das Kino. Der Artikel argumentiert, dass der Nationalkommunismus unweigerlich zu einer Vermischung national-autoritärer Elemente führte, welche die Bedingungen für Pluralismus und Polyphonie innerhalb und außerhalb der Parteieliten schuf.
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subjects Aesthetics
Authoritarianism (Political Ideology)
Censorship
Communism
Communist Parties
Film criticism
History
Motion picture industry
Movies
Nationalism
Nazism
Poland
Political partisanship
Popular Culture
Soldiers
Solidarity
State
World wars
title Heroism, Raison d'état, and National Communism: Red Nationalism in the Cinema of People's Poland
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