Phase I/II trial of subcutaneous interleukin‐2, granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor and interferon‐α in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Study Type – Therapy (individual cohort) Level of Evidence 2b OBJECTIVE • To determine, in a phase I/II trial, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), clinical activity and safety of concurrent subcutaneous (s.c.) interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), interferon‐α2b (IFN‐α) and granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating f...

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Veröffentlicht in:	BJU international 2012-01, Vol.109 (1), p.63-69
Hauptverfasser:	Garcia, Jorge A., Mekhail, Tarek, Elson, Paul, Wood, Laura, Bukowski, Ronald M., Dreicer, Robert, Rini, Brian I.
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Adult Aged alpha -Interferon Biological and medical sciences Carcinoma, Renal Cell - diagnosis Carcinoma, Renal Cell - drug therapy Carcinoma, Renal Cell - secondary Clinical trials Disease-Free Survival Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Drug Therapy, Combination Fatigue Female Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor - administration & dosage Humans Immunologic Factors - administration & dosage Immunotherapy Injections, Subcutaneous Interferon-alpha - administration & dosage interferon‐α2b Interleukin 2 Interleukin-2 - administration & dosage Kidney Neoplasms - drug therapy Kidney Neoplasms - mortality Kidney Neoplasms - pathology Kidneys Male Medical sciences Metastases Middle Aged Nausea Neoplasm Metastasis Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases phase I renal cell carcinoma Surgery Survival Survival Rate - trends Toxicity Treatment Outcome Tumors of the urinary system United States - epidemiology Vomiting
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