Physical Signs of Dehydration in the Elderly
Objective Dehydration is a common condition and frequent cause of hospitalization in older people, despite the caregiver's high attention in attempt to avoid its occurrence. In this study, various physical signs were examined as clinical signs of dehydration in elderly. Methods A prospective ob...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Internal Medicine 2012, Vol.51(10), pp.1207-1210 |
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| container_title | Internal Medicine |
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| creator | Shimizu, Miyuki Kinoshita, Kensuke Hattori, Kazuya Ota, Yoshio Kanai, Takao Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Tokuda, Yasuharu |
| description | Objective Dehydration is a common condition and frequent cause of hospitalization in older people, despite the caregiver's high attention in attempt to avoid its occurrence. In this study, various physical signs were examined as clinical signs of dehydration in elderly. Methods A prospective observational study was conducted in an acute care teaching hospital. Consecutive elderly patients who were admitted to the Department of Medicine were evaluated. Dehydration was defined as a calculated serum osmolality above 295 mOsm/L. The patients diagnosed as dehydrated or not dehydrated were observed for physical signs of dehydration. Data of blood and urine chemistry analysis were also compared between the two groups. Results A total of 27 elderly patients admitted with acute medical conditions were included in this study. For the physical signs, dry axilla had moderate sensitivity (44%) and excellent specificity (89%) to detect dehydration. Sunken eyes and delayed capillary refill time also showed relatively good specificity (83%). For laboratory data, the mean concentrations of serum sodium of the dehydrated group (146 mEq/L) was significantly higher (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2169/internalmedicine.51.7056 |
| format | Article |
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In this study, various physical signs were examined as clinical signs of dehydration in elderly. Methods A prospective observational study was conducted in an acute care teaching hospital. Consecutive elderly patients who were admitted to the Department of Medicine were evaluated. Dehydration was defined as a calculated serum osmolality above 295 mOsm/L. The patients diagnosed as dehydrated or not dehydrated were observed for physical signs of dehydration. Data of blood and urine chemistry analysis were also compared between the two groups. Results A total of 27 elderly patients admitted with acute medical conditions were included in this study. For the physical signs, dry axilla had moderate sensitivity (44%) and excellent specificity (89%) to detect dehydration. Sunken eyes and delayed capillary refill time also showed relatively good specificity (83%). For laboratory data, the mean concentrations of serum sodium of the dehydrated group (146 mEq/L) was significantly higher (p<0.01) than those of the non-dehydrated group (134 mEq/L). Conclusion Physical signs of dehydration in elderly showed relatively good specificity but poor sensitivity. The evaluation of the axillary moisture could help assess dehydration as well as laboratory data analysis such as serum sodium concentration.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0918-2918</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1349-7235</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.51.7056</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22687791</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Japan: The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine</publisher><subject>Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Axilla ; dehydration ; Dehydration - blood ; Dehydration - diagnosis ; Dehydration - urine ; dry axilla ; elderly ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Physical Examination ; physical sign ; Prospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sodium - blood</subject><ispartof>Internal Medicine, 2012, Vol.51(10), pp.1207-1210</ispartof><rights>2012 by The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c584t-d8e3261b690f1bdacb2a2ba7c3e61e3d890c078627c8f5cebef2b06971acf21a3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1877,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22687791$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Shimizu, Miyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kinoshita, Kensuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hattori, Kazuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ota, Yoshio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kanai, Takao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Hiroyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tokuda, Yasuharu</creatorcontrib><title>Physical Signs of Dehydration in the Elderly</title><title>Internal Medicine</title><addtitle>Intern. Med.</addtitle><description>Objective Dehydration is a common condition and frequent cause of hospitalization in older people, despite the caregiver's high attention in attempt to avoid its occurrence. In this study, various physical signs were examined as clinical signs of dehydration in elderly. Methods A prospective observational study was conducted in an acute care teaching hospital. Consecutive elderly patients who were admitted to the Department of Medicine were evaluated. Dehydration was defined as a calculated serum osmolality above 295 mOsm/L. The patients diagnosed as dehydrated or not dehydrated were observed for physical signs of dehydration. Data of blood and urine chemistry analysis were also compared between the two groups. Results A total of 27 elderly patients admitted with acute medical conditions were included in this study. For the physical signs, dry axilla had moderate sensitivity (44%) and excellent specificity (89%) to detect dehydration. Sunken eyes and delayed capillary refill time also showed relatively good specificity (83%). For laboratory data, the mean concentrations of serum sodium of the dehydrated group (146 mEq/L) was significantly higher (p<0.01) than those of the non-dehydrated group (134 mEq/L). Conclusion Physical signs of dehydration in elderly showed relatively good specificity but poor sensitivity. The evaluation of the axillary moisture could help assess dehydration as well as laboratory data analysis such as serum sodium concentration.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Axilla</subject><subject>dehydration</subject><subject>Dehydration - blood</subject><subject>Dehydration - diagnosis</subject><subject>Dehydration - urine</subject><subject>dry axilla</subject><subject>elderly</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Physical Examination</subject><subject>physical sign</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><subject>Sodium - blood</subject><issn>0918-2918</issn><issn>1349-7235</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNptkEtPAjEUhRujEUT_gpmlCwfbDtPH0iA-EhJM1HXT6dyBktLBdljMv7cEZGHcnLu43zknOQhlBI8pYfLB-g6C124DtTXWw7gkY45LdoaGpJjInNOiPEdDLInIaZIBuopxjXEhuKSXaEApE5xLMkT376s-WqNd9mGXPmZtkz3Bqq-D7mzrM-uzbgXZzNUQXH-NLhrtItwc7wh9Pc8-p6_5fPHyNn2c56YUky6vBRSUkYpJ3JCq1qaimlaamwIYgaIWEhvMBaPciKY0UEFDK8wkJ9o0lOhihO4OudvQfu8gdmpjowHntId2FxXBFBNJJGYJFQfUhDbGAI3aBrvRoU-Q2m-l_m6lSqL2WyXr7bFlV6Xnyfg7TgIWB2AdO72EE6BDZ42Df5NTa9JjxYk0Kx0U-OIHagGHXA</recordid><startdate>20120101</startdate><enddate>20120101</enddate><creator>Shimizu, Miyuki</creator><creator>Kinoshita, Kensuke</creator><creator>Hattori, Kazuya</creator><creator>Ota, Yoshio</creator><creator>Kanai, Takao</creator><creator>Kobayashi, Hiroyuki</creator><creator>Tokuda, Yasuharu</creator><general>The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120101</creationdate><title>Physical Signs of Dehydration in the Elderly</title><author>Shimizu, Miyuki ; Kinoshita, Kensuke ; Hattori, Kazuya ; Ota, Yoshio ; Kanai, Takao ; Kobayashi, Hiroyuki ; Tokuda, Yasuharu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c584t-d8e3261b690f1bdacb2a2ba7c3e61e3d890c078627c8f5cebef2b06971acf21a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Axilla</topic><topic>dehydration</topic><topic>Dehydration - blood</topic><topic>Dehydration - diagnosis</topic><topic>Dehydration - urine</topic><topic>dry axilla</topic><topic>elderly</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Physical Examination</topic><topic>physical sign</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Sensitivity and Specificity</topic><topic>Sodium - blood</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Shimizu, Miyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kinoshita, Kensuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hattori, Kazuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ota, Yoshio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kanai, Takao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Hiroyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tokuda, Yasuharu</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Internal Medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Shimizu, Miyuki</au><au>Kinoshita, Kensuke</au><au>Hattori, Kazuya</au><au>Ota, Yoshio</au><au>Kanai, Takao</au><au>Kobayashi, Hiroyuki</au><au>Tokuda, Yasuharu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Physical Signs of Dehydration in the Elderly</atitle><jtitle>Internal Medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Intern. Med.</addtitle><date>2012-01-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>51</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>1207</spage><epage>1210</epage><pages>1207-1210</pages><issn>0918-2918</issn><eissn>1349-7235</eissn><abstract>Objective Dehydration is a common condition and frequent cause of hospitalization in older people, despite the caregiver's high attention in attempt to avoid its occurrence. In this study, various physical signs were examined as clinical signs of dehydration in elderly. Methods A prospective observational study was conducted in an acute care teaching hospital. Consecutive elderly patients who were admitted to the Department of Medicine were evaluated. Dehydration was defined as a calculated serum osmolality above 295 mOsm/L. The patients diagnosed as dehydrated or not dehydrated were observed for physical signs of dehydration. Data of blood and urine chemistry analysis were also compared between the two groups. Results A total of 27 elderly patients admitted with acute medical conditions were included in this study. For the physical signs, dry axilla had moderate sensitivity (44%) and excellent specificity (89%) to detect dehydration. Sunken eyes and delayed capillary refill time also showed relatively good specificity (83%). For laboratory data, the mean concentrations of serum sodium of the dehydrated group (146 mEq/L) was significantly higher (p<0.01) than those of the non-dehydrated group (134 mEq/L). Conclusion Physical signs of dehydration in elderly showed relatively good specificity but poor sensitivity. The evaluation of the axillary moisture could help assess dehydration as well as laboratory data analysis such as serum sodium concentration.</abstract><cop>Japan</cop><pub>The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine</pub><pmid>22687791</pmid><doi>10.2169/internalmedicine.51.7056</doi><tpages>4</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Internal Medicine, 2012, Vol.51(10), pp.1207-1210 |
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| source | J-STAGE Free; MEDLINE |
| subjects | Aged Aged, 80 and over Axilla dehydration Dehydration - blood Dehydration - diagnosis Dehydration - urine dry axilla elderly Female Humans Male Physical Examination physical sign Prospective Studies Sensitivity and Specificity Sodium - blood |
| title | Physical Signs of Dehydration in the Elderly |
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