Effect of Acute Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure on the Antioxidant Status and Lipid Levels in Rat Brain
Background and Aims It is generally accepted that electromagnetic fields (EMF) can exert biological effects; however, the mechanisms by which EMF elicits responses are still unknown. The present study was designed to assess the immediate effects of acute EMF exposure, movement restriction, and the c...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Archives of medical research 2012-04, Vol.43 (3), p.183-189 |
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description | Background and Aims It is generally accepted that electromagnetic fields (EMF) can exert biological effects; however, the mechanisms by which EMF elicits responses are still unknown. The present study was designed to assess the immediate effects of acute EMF exposure, movement restriction, and the combination of both on the antioxidant systems and lipid content in the whole brain of rat. Methods Thirty two male Wistar rats were arranged in four groups: control, EMF exposed, movement restrained (MR), and EMF + MR for 2 h. Rats were then sacrificed and their brains analyzed for superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, reduced glutathione, nitric oxide, total cholesterol, and triacylglycerol levels, as well as plasma corticosterone concentrations. Results Acute exposure to EMF induces reduction in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, whereas the combination of EMF + MR also decreases both reduced glutathione and nitric oxide levels. Our results show that the acute exposure to EMF does not induce elevation of stress-hormone corticosterone but impairs the antioxidant status in rat brain. Conclusions Plasma corticosterone concentration and antioxidant data indicate that the acute exposure to EMF appears to be a mild stressor that leads to some adaptive responses due to the activation of systems controlling the brain oxidative balance. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.arcmed.2012.04.003 |
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The present study was designed to assess the immediate effects of acute EMF exposure, movement restriction, and the combination of both on the antioxidant systems and lipid content in the whole brain of rat. Methods Thirty two male Wistar rats were arranged in four groups: control, EMF exposed, movement restrained (MR), and EMF + MR for 2 h. Rats were then sacrificed and their brains analyzed for superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, reduced glutathione, nitric oxide, total cholesterol, and triacylglycerol levels, as well as plasma corticosterone concentrations. Results Acute exposure to EMF induces reduction in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, whereas the combination of EMF + MR also decreases both reduced glutathione and nitric oxide levels. Our results show that the acute exposure to EMF does not induce elevation of stress-hormone corticosterone but impairs the antioxidant status in rat brain. Conclusions Plasma corticosterone concentration and antioxidant data indicate that the acute exposure to EMF appears to be a mild stressor that leads to some adaptive responses due to the activation of systems controlling the brain oxidative balance.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0188-4409</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-5487</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2012.04.003</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22560984</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Animals ; Antioxidants - metabolism ; Antioxidants - radiation effects ; Brain - enzymology ; Brain - metabolism ; Brain - radiation effects ; Cholesterol ; Corticosterone ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Internal Medicine ; Lipid Metabolism - radiation effects ; Male ; Nitric oxide ; Oxidative Stress - radiation effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Stress ; Triacylglycerols</subject><ispartof>Archives of medical research, 2012-04, Vol.43 (3), p.183-189</ispartof><rights>IMSS</rights><rights>2012 IMSS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2012 IMSS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c417t-5e194924f7f28dbe0d0c1b28e89fc9c7cf9a911b9bbd9982513fbb4989d573753</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c417t-5e194924f7f28dbe0d0c1b28e89fc9c7cf9a911b9bbd9982513fbb4989d573753</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2012.04.003$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22560984$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Martínez-Sámano, Jesús</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Torres-Durán, Patricia V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Juárez-Oropeza, Marco Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verdugo-Díaz, Leticia</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of Acute Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure on the Antioxidant Status and Lipid Levels in Rat Brain</title><title>Archives of medical research</title><addtitle>Arch Med Res</addtitle><description>Background and Aims It is generally accepted that electromagnetic fields (EMF) can exert biological effects; however, the mechanisms by which EMF elicits responses are still unknown. The present study was designed to assess the immediate effects of acute EMF exposure, movement restriction, and the combination of both on the antioxidant systems and lipid content in the whole brain of rat. Methods Thirty two male Wistar rats were arranged in four groups: control, EMF exposed, movement restrained (MR), and EMF + MR for 2 h. Rats were then sacrificed and their brains analyzed for superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, reduced glutathione, nitric oxide, total cholesterol, and triacylglycerol levels, as well as plasma corticosterone concentrations. Results Acute exposure to EMF induces reduction in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, whereas the combination of EMF + MR also decreases both reduced glutathione and nitric oxide levels. Our results show that the acute exposure to EMF does not induce elevation of stress-hormone corticosterone but impairs the antioxidant status in rat brain. Conclusions Plasma corticosterone concentration and antioxidant data indicate that the acute exposure to EMF appears to be a mild stressor that leads to some adaptive responses due to the activation of systems controlling the brain oxidative balance.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antioxidants - metabolism</subject><subject>Antioxidants - radiation effects</subject><subject>Brain - enzymology</subject><subject>Brain - metabolism</subject><subject>Brain - radiation effects</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Corticosterone</subject><subject>Electromagnetic Fields</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Lipid Metabolism - radiation effects</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Nitric oxide</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress - radiation effects</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Wistar</subject><subject>Stress</subject><subject>Triacylglycerols</subject><issn>0188-4409</issn><issn>1873-5487</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkcFu1DAQhi0EokvhDRDykUtSO3E29gVpqXah0kpIFM6WY4_BS2IvttN2Lzw7jra9cOHiOfj7ZzTfIPSWkpoSur461CrqCUzdENrUhNWEtM_QivK-rTrG--doRSjnFWNEXKBXKR0IIZyt-5foomm6NRGcrdCfrbWgMw4Wb_ScAW8fcoQJxhPeh3u8i_B7Bq9PeDsWLIZJ_fCQncY7B6Mp9DGkOQIOHuefgDc-u_DgjPIZ32aV54SVN3jvjq68cAdjws7jryrjj1E5_xq9sGpM8OaxXqLvu-2368_V_sunm-vNvtKM9rnqgAomGmZ723AzADFE06HhwIXVQvfaCiUoHcQwGCF409HWDgMTXJiub_uuvUTvz32PMZSFUpaTSxrGUXkIc5KUNIR0hJJ1QdkZ1TGkFMHKY3STiqcCycW8PMizebmYl4TJYr7E3j1OmIfl7yn0pLoAH85AcQB3DqJM2hW1YFwsaqUJ7n8T_m2gR-edVuMvOEE6hDn64lBSmUpG3i7XX45Py2qUCtr-Bfozq9E</recordid><startdate>20120401</startdate><enddate>20120401</enddate><creator>Martínez-Sámano, Jesús</creator><creator>Torres-Durán, Patricia V</creator><creator>Juárez-Oropeza, Marco Antonio</creator><creator>Verdugo-Díaz, Leticia</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120401</creationdate><title>Effect of Acute Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure on the Antioxidant Status and Lipid Levels in Rat Brain</title><author>Martínez-Sámano, Jesús ; Torres-Durán, Patricia V ; Juárez-Oropeza, Marco Antonio ; Verdugo-Díaz, Leticia</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c417t-5e194924f7f28dbe0d0c1b28e89fc9c7cf9a911b9bbd9982513fbb4989d573753</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antioxidants - metabolism</topic><topic>Antioxidants - radiation effects</topic><topic>Brain - enzymology</topic><topic>Brain - metabolism</topic><topic>Brain - radiation effects</topic><topic>Cholesterol</topic><topic>Corticosterone</topic><topic>Electromagnetic Fields</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Lipid Metabolism - radiation effects</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Nitric oxide</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress - radiation effects</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Wistar</topic><topic>Stress</topic><topic>Triacylglycerols</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Martínez-Sámano, Jesús</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Torres-Durán, Patricia V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Juárez-Oropeza, Marco Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verdugo-Díaz, Leticia</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Archives of medical research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Martínez-Sámano, Jesús</au><au>Torres-Durán, Patricia V</au><au>Juárez-Oropeza, Marco Antonio</au><au>Verdugo-Díaz, Leticia</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of Acute Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure on the Antioxidant Status and Lipid Levels in Rat Brain</atitle><jtitle>Archives of medical research</jtitle><addtitle>Arch Med Res</addtitle><date>2012-04-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>43</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>183</spage><epage>189</epage><pages>183-189</pages><issn>0188-4409</issn><eissn>1873-5487</eissn><abstract>Background and Aims It is generally accepted that electromagnetic fields (EMF) can exert biological effects; however, the mechanisms by which EMF elicits responses are still unknown. The present study was designed to assess the immediate effects of acute EMF exposure, movement restriction, and the combination of both on the antioxidant systems and lipid content in the whole brain of rat. Methods Thirty two male Wistar rats were arranged in four groups: control, EMF exposed, movement restrained (MR), and EMF + MR for 2 h. Rats were then sacrificed and their brains analyzed for superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, reduced glutathione, nitric oxide, total cholesterol, and triacylglycerol levels, as well as plasma corticosterone concentrations. Results Acute exposure to EMF induces reduction in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, whereas the combination of EMF + MR also decreases both reduced glutathione and nitric oxide levels. Our results show that the acute exposure to EMF does not induce elevation of stress-hormone corticosterone but impairs the antioxidant status in rat brain. Conclusions Plasma corticosterone concentration and antioxidant data indicate that the acute exposure to EMF appears to be a mild stressor that leads to some adaptive responses due to the activation of systems controlling the brain oxidative balance.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>22560984</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.arcmed.2012.04.003</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Antioxidants - metabolism Antioxidants - radiation effects Brain - enzymology Brain - metabolism Brain - radiation effects Cholesterol Corticosterone Electromagnetic Fields Internal Medicine Lipid Metabolism - radiation effects Male Nitric oxide Oxidative Stress - radiation effects Rats Rats, Wistar Stress Triacylglycerols |
title | Effect of Acute Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure on the Antioxidant Status and Lipid Levels in Rat Brain |
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