DECOMPOSING LITHIFICATION BIAS: PRESERVATION OF LOCAL DIVERSITY STRUCTURE IN RECENTLY CEMENTED STORM-BEACH CARBONATE SANDS, SAN SALVADOR ISLAND, BAHAMAS
Lithification with related diagenetic phenomena is an important step in a complex transition from living communities to fossil assemblages and a major taphonomic filter distorting the record of past biodiversity. Apart from direct diagenetic culling of fossils, cementation of fossiliferous deposits...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Palaios 2012-03, Vol.27 (3), p.190-205 |
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| description | Lithification with related diagenetic phenomena is an important step in a complex transition from living communities to fossil assemblages and a major taphonomic filter distorting the record of past biodiversity. Apart from direct diagenetic culling of fossils, cementation of fossiliferous deposits induces changes in sampling procedures used to extract paleontological data. This study explores the effects of this methodological shift on recorded fine-scale paleoecological patterns by using subfossil mollusk assemblages occurring in the unlithified and recently cemented storm-beach carbonate sands at Sand Dollar Beach, San Salvador Island, Bahamas, which experienced limited diagenetic alteration. Results show that consistent differences in relative abundance patterns of particular taxa can be observed between unlithified and lithified samples due to collection failure. Magnitude of this distortion is controlled in a large part by a degree of transport-related size sorting, with well-sorted assemblages dominated by small gastropods being more affected. This bias, however, is of limited importance and can be mitigated by selective exclusion of the smallest size classes ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2110/palo.2011.p11-028r |
| format | Article |
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Apart from direct diagenetic culling of fossils, cementation of fossiliferous deposits induces changes in sampling procedures used to extract paleontological data. This study explores the effects of this methodological shift on recorded fine-scale paleoecological patterns by using subfossil mollusk assemblages occurring in the unlithified and recently cemented storm-beach carbonate sands at Sand Dollar Beach, San Salvador Island, Bahamas, which experienced limited diagenetic alteration. Results show that consistent differences in relative abundance patterns of particular taxa can be observed between unlithified and lithified samples due to collection failure. Magnitude of this distortion is controlled in a large part by a degree of transport-related size sorting, with well-sorted assemblages dominated by small gastropods being more affected. This bias, however, is of limited importance and can be mitigated by selective exclusion of the smallest size classes (<5 mm) from the analysis. Moreover, unlithified and poorly lithified deposits record very similar rarefied richness estimates and patterns of diversity partitioning. This contrasts strongly with earlier estimates of lithification-related diversity loss, suggesting greater importance of diagenetic over methodological filters in creating lithification bias observed in the older rock record. Poorly lithified carbonate rocks—present in many late Neogene successions—may yield biodiversity data directly comparable to those recorded by unlithified sediments if careful collecting methods based on bulk samples are employed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0883-1351</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-5323</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2110/palo.2011.p11-028r</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology, 4111 S Darlington, Suite 100, Tulsa, OK 74135-6373, U.S.A: SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology</publisher><subject>Bahamas ; Biodiversity ; Bivalvia ; carbonate sediments ; Carbonates ; Caribbean region ; cementation ; Cenozoic ; Datasets ; diagenesis ; Fauna ; faunal list ; faunal studies ; fossilization ; Fossils ; Gastropoda ; Geology ; Holocene ; Invertebrata ; invertebrate ; lithification ; lithostratigraphy ; Mollusca ; paleoecology ; Paleontology ; preservation ; Quaternary ; sampling ; San Salvador ; Sand Dollar Beach ; Sediments ; shells ; Species diversity ; Specimens ; Taxa ; upper Holocene ; West Indies</subject><ispartof>Palaios, 2012-03, Vol.27 (3), p.190-205</ispartof><rights>SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology)</rights><rights>GeoRef, Copyright 2020, American Geosciences Institute. 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Apart from direct diagenetic culling of fossils, cementation of fossiliferous deposits induces changes in sampling procedures used to extract paleontological data. This study explores the effects of this methodological shift on recorded fine-scale paleoecological patterns by using subfossil mollusk assemblages occurring in the unlithified and recently cemented storm-beach carbonate sands at Sand Dollar Beach, San Salvador Island, Bahamas, which experienced limited diagenetic alteration. Results show that consistent differences in relative abundance patterns of particular taxa can be observed between unlithified and lithified samples due to collection failure. Magnitude of this distortion is controlled in a large part by a degree of transport-related size sorting, with well-sorted assemblages dominated by small gastropods being more affected. This bias, however, is of limited importance and can be mitigated by selective exclusion of the smallest size classes (<5 mm) from the analysis. Moreover, unlithified and poorly lithified deposits record very similar rarefied richness estimates and patterns of diversity partitioning. This contrasts strongly with earlier estimates of lithification-related diversity loss, suggesting greater importance of diagenetic over methodological filters in creating lithification bias observed in the older rock record. Poorly lithified carbonate rocks—present in many late Neogene successions—may yield biodiversity data directly comparable to those recorded by unlithified sediments if careful collecting methods based on bulk samples are employed.</description><subject>Bahamas</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Bivalvia</subject><subject>carbonate sediments</subject><subject>Carbonates</subject><subject>Caribbean region</subject><subject>cementation</subject><subject>Cenozoic</subject><subject>Datasets</subject><subject>diagenesis</subject><subject>Fauna</subject><subject>faunal list</subject><subject>faunal studies</subject><subject>fossilization</subject><subject>Fossils</subject><subject>Gastropoda</subject><subject>Geology</subject><subject>Holocene</subject><subject>Invertebrata</subject><subject>invertebrate</subject><subject>lithification</subject><subject>lithostratigraphy</subject><subject>Mollusca</subject><subject>paleoecology</subject><subject>Paleontology</subject><subject>preservation</subject><subject>Quaternary</subject><subject>sampling</subject><subject>San Salvador</subject><subject>Sand Dollar Beach</subject><subject>Sediments</subject><subject>shells</subject><subject>Species diversity</subject><subject>Specimens</subject><subject>Taxa</subject><subject>upper Holocene</subject><subject>West Indies</subject><issn>0883-1351</issn><issn>1938-5323</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNUV2L2zAQNKWFptf-gUJBj4WeU62_3TfFVi4Cxz5sJ3BPwpGlkuCLclZC6T_pz61clz73YdllZ2aZZRznI-ClB4C_XrpBLz0MsLwAuNhLxlfOAlI_cUPf8187C5wkvgt-CG-dd8acMIYQh97C-ZXTrNo-Vg0rH1DB2g1bs4y0rCrRipHmG3qsaUPr_byq1qioMlKgnO1p3bD2CTVtvcvaXU0RK1FNM1q2xRPK6NYONLdwVW_dFSXZBmWkXlUlaSlqSJk391OzVexJXtWINYXd3qMV2ZAtad47b1Q3GPnhb79zdmvaZhu3qB6sw8LtAuxd3SRRoA4iEqA6qfok9voQwl50h0AdItWJPpaBL1QSxb2KExH0kYyFSlUcRylOA__O-TzfvYz65SbNlT8fjZDD0J2lvhkOGOI0jKNwonozVYzamFEqfhmPz93405L4FAOfYuBTDNzGwKcYrOjTLDqZqx7_KQIIAaIgtfiXGf8utRFHeRbyhx6Hnp_0bTzbz6d7HscBxn8s4Jl9OGp9lv9j4DelRZo1</recordid><startdate>20120301</startdate><enddate>20120301</enddate><creator>NAWROT, RAFAŁ</creator><general>SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology</general><general>Society for Sedimentary Geology</general><general>SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology)</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120301</creationdate><title>DECOMPOSING LITHIFICATION BIAS: PRESERVATION OF LOCAL DIVERSITY STRUCTURE IN RECENTLY CEMENTED STORM-BEACH CARBONATE SANDS, SAN SALVADOR ISLAND, BAHAMAS</title><author>NAWROT, RAFAŁ</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a402t-88f1fbc6c1faefd872d515dcab4fb6facd7e43cf867df78c4d6e7cf9f77690943</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Bahamas</topic><topic>Biodiversity</topic><topic>Bivalvia</topic><topic>carbonate sediments</topic><topic>Carbonates</topic><topic>Caribbean region</topic><topic>cementation</topic><topic>Cenozoic</topic><topic>Datasets</topic><topic>diagenesis</topic><topic>Fauna</topic><topic>faunal list</topic><topic>faunal studies</topic><topic>fossilization</topic><topic>Fossils</topic><topic>Gastropoda</topic><topic>Geology</topic><topic>Holocene</topic><topic>Invertebrata</topic><topic>invertebrate</topic><topic>lithification</topic><topic>lithostratigraphy</topic><topic>Mollusca</topic><topic>paleoecology</topic><topic>Paleontology</topic><topic>preservation</topic><topic>Quaternary</topic><topic>sampling</topic><topic>San Salvador</topic><topic>Sand Dollar Beach</topic><topic>Sediments</topic><topic>shells</topic><topic>Species diversity</topic><topic>Specimens</topic><topic>Taxa</topic><topic>upper Holocene</topic><topic>West Indies</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>NAWROT, RAFAŁ</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Apart from direct diagenetic culling of fossils, cementation of fossiliferous deposits induces changes in sampling procedures used to extract paleontological data. This study explores the effects of this methodological shift on recorded fine-scale paleoecological patterns by using subfossil mollusk assemblages occurring in the unlithified and recently cemented storm-beach carbonate sands at Sand Dollar Beach, San Salvador Island, Bahamas, which experienced limited diagenetic alteration. Results show that consistent differences in relative abundance patterns of particular taxa can be observed between unlithified and lithified samples due to collection failure. Magnitude of this distortion is controlled in a large part by a degree of transport-related size sorting, with well-sorted assemblages dominated by small gastropods being more affected. This bias, however, is of limited importance and can be mitigated by selective exclusion of the smallest size classes (<5 mm) from the analysis. Moreover, unlithified and poorly lithified deposits record very similar rarefied richness estimates and patterns of diversity partitioning. This contrasts strongly with earlier estimates of lithification-related diversity loss, suggesting greater importance of diagenetic over methodological filters in creating lithification bias observed in the older rock record. Poorly lithified carbonate rocks—present in many late Neogene successions—may yield biodiversity data directly comparable to those recorded by unlithified sediments if careful collecting methods based on bulk samples are employed.</abstract><cop>SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology, 4111 S Darlington, Suite 100, Tulsa, OK 74135-6373, U.S.A</cop><pub>SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology</pub><doi>10.2110/palo.2011.p11-028r</doi><tpages>16</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Bahamas Biodiversity Bivalvia carbonate sediments Carbonates Caribbean region cementation Cenozoic Datasets diagenesis Fauna faunal list faunal studies fossilization Fossils Gastropoda Geology Holocene Invertebrata invertebrate lithification lithostratigraphy Mollusca paleoecology Paleontology preservation Quaternary sampling San Salvador Sand Dollar Beach Sediments shells Species diversity Specimens Taxa upper Holocene West Indies |
| title | DECOMPOSING LITHIFICATION BIAS: PRESERVATION OF LOCAL DIVERSITY STRUCTURE IN RECENTLY CEMENTED STORM-BEACH CARBONATE SANDS, SAN SALVADOR ISLAND, BAHAMAS |
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