A novel family of bacterial dioxygenases that catalyse the hydroxylation of free l-amino acids

Abstract l-isoleucine-4-hydroxylase (IDO) is a recently discovered member of the Pfam family PF10014 (the former DUF 2257 family) of uncharacterized conserved bacterial proteins. To uncover the range of biochemical activities carried out by PF10014 members, eight in silico-selected IDO homologues be...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:FEMS microbiology letters 2012-06, Vol.331 (2), p.97-104
Hauptverfasser: Smirnov, Sergey V., Sokolov, Pavel M., Kodera, Tomohiro, Sugiyama, Masakazu, Hibi, Makoto, Shimizu, Sakayu, Yokozeki, Kenzo, Ogawa, Jun
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 104
container_issue 2
container_start_page 97
container_title FEMS microbiology letters
container_volume 331
creator Smirnov, Sergey V.
Sokolov, Pavel M.
Kodera, Tomohiro
Sugiyama, Masakazu
Hibi, Makoto
Shimizu, Sakayu
Yokozeki, Kenzo
Ogawa, Jun
description Abstract l-isoleucine-4-hydroxylase (IDO) is a recently discovered member of the Pfam family PF10014 (the former DUF 2257 family) of uncharacterized conserved bacterial proteins. To uncover the range of biochemical activities carried out by PF10014 members, eight in silico-selected IDO homologues belonging to the PF10014 were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. l-methionine, l-leucine, l-isoleucine and l-threonine were found to be catalysed by the investigated enzymes, producing l-methionine sulfoxide, 4-hydroxyleucine, 4-hydroxyisoleucine and 4-hydroxythreonine, respectively. An investigation of enzyme kinetics suggested the existence of a novel subfamily of bacterial dioxygenases within the PF10014 family for which free l-amino acids could be accepted as in vivo substrates. A hypothesis regarding the physiological significance of hydroxylated l-amino acids is also discussed.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02558.x
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1015094553</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><oup_id>10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02558.x</oup_id><sourcerecordid>2305790383</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4418-4938db2f88aa34a805ff0b6ec5f86dacf041b55024723e6c316b0c83356a6fa43</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkc1u1DAUhS1ERYfCKyBLbNgkXP_GWbCoqrYgDeoGtliOY9OMPPFgJzB5exymdAFCwhvb8neOr85BCBOoSVlvdzURDa9kK1VNgdAaqBCqPj5Bm8eHp2gDrFEVgbY5R89z3gEApyCfoXNKOVeq4Rv05RKP8bsL2Jv9EBYcPe6MnVwaTMD9EI_LVzea7DKe7s2ErZlMWLIrN4fvlz4VIJhpiOOq9Mk5HKriNEZs7NDnF-jMm5Ddy4f9An2-uf509b7a3t1-uLrcVpZzoireMtV31CtlDONGgfAeOums8Er2xnrgpBMCKG8oc9IyIjuwijEhjfSGswv05uR7SPHb7PKk90O2LgQzujhnTYAIaLkQrKCv_0B3cU5jmU5TBqJpgamVUifKpphzcl4f0rA3aSlWeu1A7_QatV6j1msH-lcH-likrx4-mLu96x-Fv0MvwLsT8GMIbvlvY33zcbueip6d9HE-_ENd_T3WTwfFo7w</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2305790383</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>A novel family of bacterial dioxygenases that catalyse the hydroxylation of free l-amino acids</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Access via Wiley Online Library</source><source>Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current)</source><creator>Smirnov, Sergey V. ; Sokolov, Pavel M. ; Kodera, Tomohiro ; Sugiyama, Masakazu ; Hibi, Makoto ; Shimizu, Sakayu ; Yokozeki, Kenzo ; Ogawa, Jun</creator><creatorcontrib>Smirnov, Sergey V. ; Sokolov, Pavel M. ; Kodera, Tomohiro ; Sugiyama, Masakazu ; Hibi, Makoto ; Shimizu, Sakayu ; Yokozeki, Kenzo ; Ogawa, Jun</creatorcontrib><description>Abstract l-isoleucine-4-hydroxylase (IDO) is a recently discovered member of the Pfam family PF10014 (the former DUF 2257 family) of uncharacterized conserved bacterial proteins. To uncover the range of biochemical activities carried out by PF10014 members, eight in silico-selected IDO homologues belonging to the PF10014 were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. l-methionine, l-leucine, l-isoleucine and l-threonine were found to be catalysed by the investigated enzymes, producing l-methionine sulfoxide, 4-hydroxyleucine, 4-hydroxyisoleucine and 4-hydroxythreonine, respectively. An investigation of enzyme kinetics suggested the existence of a novel subfamily of bacterial dioxygenases within the PF10014 family for which free l-amino acids could be accepted as in vivo substrates. A hypothesis regarding the physiological significance of hydroxylated l-amino acids is also discussed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0378-1097</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1574-6968</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02558.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22448874</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>4‐hydroxyisoleucine ; 4‐hydroxythreonine ; Amino acids ; Amino Acids - metabolism ; Bacteria ; Bacteria - classification ; Bacteria - enzymology ; Bacteria - genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; dioxygenase ; Dioxygenases - classification ; Dioxygenases - genetics ; Dioxygenases - metabolism ; E coli ; Enzyme kinetics ; Escherichia coli - enzymology ; Escherichia coli - genetics ; Homology ; Hydroxylase ; Hydroxylation ; Isoleucine ; Isoleucine - metabolism ; Kinetics ; Leucine ; Leucine - metabolism ; l‐methionine sulfoxide ; Methionine ; Methionine - metabolism ; Microbiology ; plant pathogenic bacteria ; Reaction kinetics ; Substrate Specificity ; Substrates ; Threonine ; Threonine - metabolism ; vitamin B6 biosynthesis</subject><ispartof>FEMS microbiology letters, 2012-06, Vol.331 (2), p.97-104</ispartof><rights>2012 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved 2012</rights><rights>2012 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved</rights><rights>2012 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4418-4938db2f88aa34a805ff0b6ec5f86dacf041b55024723e6c316b0c83356a6fa43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4418-4938db2f88aa34a805ff0b6ec5f86dacf041b55024723e6c316b0c83356a6fa43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1574-6968.2012.02558.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1574-6968.2012.02558.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22448874$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Smirnov, Sergey V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sokolov, Pavel M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kodera, Tomohiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sugiyama, Masakazu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hibi, Makoto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shimizu, Sakayu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yokozeki, Kenzo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ogawa, Jun</creatorcontrib><title>A novel family of bacterial dioxygenases that catalyse the hydroxylation of free l-amino acids</title><title>FEMS microbiology letters</title><addtitle>FEMS Microbiol Lett</addtitle><description>Abstract l-isoleucine-4-hydroxylase (IDO) is a recently discovered member of the Pfam family PF10014 (the former DUF 2257 family) of uncharacterized conserved bacterial proteins. To uncover the range of biochemical activities carried out by PF10014 members, eight in silico-selected IDO homologues belonging to the PF10014 were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. l-methionine, l-leucine, l-isoleucine and l-threonine were found to be catalysed by the investigated enzymes, producing l-methionine sulfoxide, 4-hydroxyleucine, 4-hydroxyisoleucine and 4-hydroxythreonine, respectively. An investigation of enzyme kinetics suggested the existence of a novel subfamily of bacterial dioxygenases within the PF10014 family for which free l-amino acids could be accepted as in vivo substrates. A hypothesis regarding the physiological significance of hydroxylated l-amino acids is also discussed.</description><subject>4‐hydroxyisoleucine</subject><subject>4‐hydroxythreonine</subject><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Amino Acids - metabolism</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Bacteria - classification</subject><subject>Bacteria - enzymology</subject><subject>Bacteria - genetics</subject><subject>Cloning, Molecular</subject><subject>dioxygenase</subject><subject>Dioxygenases - classification</subject><subject>Dioxygenases - genetics</subject><subject>Dioxygenases - metabolism</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Enzyme kinetics</subject><subject>Escherichia coli - enzymology</subject><subject>Escherichia coli - genetics</subject><subject>Homology</subject><subject>Hydroxylase</subject><subject>Hydroxylation</subject><subject>Isoleucine</subject><subject>Isoleucine - metabolism</subject><subject>Kinetics</subject><subject>Leucine</subject><subject>Leucine - metabolism</subject><subject>l‐methionine sulfoxide</subject><subject>Methionine</subject><subject>Methionine - metabolism</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>plant pathogenic bacteria</subject><subject>Reaction kinetics</subject><subject>Substrate Specificity</subject><subject>Substrates</subject><subject>Threonine</subject><subject>Threonine - metabolism</subject><subject>vitamin B6 biosynthesis</subject><issn>0378-1097</issn><issn>1574-6968</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkc1u1DAUhS1ERYfCKyBLbNgkXP_GWbCoqrYgDeoGtliOY9OMPPFgJzB5exymdAFCwhvb8neOr85BCBOoSVlvdzURDa9kK1VNgdAaqBCqPj5Bm8eHp2gDrFEVgbY5R89z3gEApyCfoXNKOVeq4Rv05RKP8bsL2Jv9EBYcPe6MnVwaTMD9EI_LVzea7DKe7s2ErZlMWLIrN4fvlz4VIJhpiOOq9Mk5HKriNEZs7NDnF-jMm5Ddy4f9An2-uf509b7a3t1-uLrcVpZzoireMtV31CtlDONGgfAeOums8Er2xnrgpBMCKG8oc9IyIjuwijEhjfSGswv05uR7SPHb7PKk90O2LgQzujhnTYAIaLkQrKCv_0B3cU5jmU5TBqJpgamVUifKpphzcl4f0rA3aSlWeu1A7_QatV6j1msH-lcH-likrx4-mLu96x-Fv0MvwLsT8GMIbvlvY33zcbueip6d9HE-_ENd_T3WTwfFo7w</recordid><startdate>20120601</startdate><enddate>20120601</enddate><creator>Smirnov, Sergey V.</creator><creator>Sokolov, Pavel M.</creator><creator>Kodera, Tomohiro</creator><creator>Sugiyama, Masakazu</creator><creator>Hibi, Makoto</creator><creator>Shimizu, Sakayu</creator><creator>Yokozeki, Kenzo</creator><creator>Ogawa, Jun</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120601</creationdate><title>A novel family of bacterial dioxygenases that catalyse the hydroxylation of free l-amino acids</title><author>Smirnov, Sergey V. ; Sokolov, Pavel M. ; Kodera, Tomohiro ; Sugiyama, Masakazu ; Hibi, Makoto ; Shimizu, Sakayu ; Yokozeki, Kenzo ; Ogawa, Jun</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4418-4938db2f88aa34a805ff0b6ec5f86dacf041b55024723e6c316b0c83356a6fa43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>4‐hydroxyisoleucine</topic><topic>4‐hydroxythreonine</topic><topic>Amino acids</topic><topic>Amino Acids - metabolism</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Bacteria - classification</topic><topic>Bacteria - enzymology</topic><topic>Bacteria - genetics</topic><topic>Cloning, Molecular</topic><topic>dioxygenase</topic><topic>Dioxygenases - classification</topic><topic>Dioxygenases - genetics</topic><topic>Dioxygenases - metabolism</topic><topic>E coli</topic><topic>Enzyme kinetics</topic><topic>Escherichia coli - enzymology</topic><topic>Escherichia coli - genetics</topic><topic>Homology</topic><topic>Hydroxylase</topic><topic>Hydroxylation</topic><topic>Isoleucine</topic><topic>Isoleucine - metabolism</topic><topic>Kinetics</topic><topic>Leucine</topic><topic>Leucine - metabolism</topic><topic>l‐methionine sulfoxide</topic><topic>Methionine</topic><topic>Methionine - metabolism</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>plant pathogenic bacteria</topic><topic>Reaction kinetics</topic><topic>Substrate Specificity</topic><topic>Substrates</topic><topic>Threonine</topic><topic>Threonine - metabolism</topic><topic>vitamin B6 biosynthesis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Smirnov, Sergey V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sokolov, Pavel M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kodera, Tomohiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sugiyama, Masakazu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hibi, Makoto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shimizu, Sakayu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yokozeki, Kenzo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ogawa, Jun</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>FEMS microbiology letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Smirnov, Sergey V.</au><au>Sokolov, Pavel M.</au><au>Kodera, Tomohiro</au><au>Sugiyama, Masakazu</au><au>Hibi, Makoto</au><au>Shimizu, Sakayu</au><au>Yokozeki, Kenzo</au><au>Ogawa, Jun</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A novel family of bacterial dioxygenases that catalyse the hydroxylation of free l-amino acids</atitle><jtitle>FEMS microbiology letters</jtitle><addtitle>FEMS Microbiol Lett</addtitle><date>2012-06-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>331</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>97</spage><epage>104</epage><pages>97-104</pages><issn>0378-1097</issn><eissn>1574-6968</eissn><abstract>Abstract l-isoleucine-4-hydroxylase (IDO) is a recently discovered member of the Pfam family PF10014 (the former DUF 2257 family) of uncharacterized conserved bacterial proteins. To uncover the range of biochemical activities carried out by PF10014 members, eight in silico-selected IDO homologues belonging to the PF10014 were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. l-methionine, l-leucine, l-isoleucine and l-threonine were found to be catalysed by the investigated enzymes, producing l-methionine sulfoxide, 4-hydroxyleucine, 4-hydroxyisoleucine and 4-hydroxythreonine, respectively. An investigation of enzyme kinetics suggested the existence of a novel subfamily of bacterial dioxygenases within the PF10014 family for which free l-amino acids could be accepted as in vivo substrates. A hypothesis regarding the physiological significance of hydroxylated l-amino acids is also discussed.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>22448874</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02558.x</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0378-1097
ispartof FEMS microbiology letters, 2012-06, Vol.331 (2), p.97-104
issn 0378-1097
1574-6968
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1015094553
source MEDLINE; Access via Wiley Online Library; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current)
subjects 4‐hydroxyisoleucine
4‐hydroxythreonine
Amino acids
Amino Acids - metabolism
Bacteria
Bacteria - classification
Bacteria - enzymology
Bacteria - genetics
Cloning, Molecular
dioxygenase
Dioxygenases - classification
Dioxygenases - genetics
Dioxygenases - metabolism
E coli
Enzyme kinetics
Escherichia coli - enzymology
Escherichia coli - genetics
Homology
Hydroxylase
Hydroxylation
Isoleucine
Isoleucine - metabolism
Kinetics
Leucine
Leucine - metabolism
l‐methionine sulfoxide
Methionine
Methionine - metabolism
Microbiology
plant pathogenic bacteria
Reaction kinetics
Substrate Specificity
Substrates
Threonine
Threonine - metabolism
vitamin B6 biosynthesis
title A novel family of bacterial dioxygenases that catalyse the hydroxylation of free l-amino acids
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-19T16%3A49%3A53IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A%20novel%20family%20of%20bacterial%20dioxygenases%20that%20catalyse%20the%20hydroxylation%20of%20free%20l-amino%20acids&rft.jtitle=FEMS%20microbiology%20letters&rft.au=Smirnov,%20Sergey%20V.&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.volume=331&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=97&rft.epage=104&rft.pages=97-104&rft.issn=0378-1097&rft.eissn=1574-6968&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02558.x&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2305790383%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2305790383&rft_id=info:pmid/22448874&rft_oup_id=10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02558.x&rfr_iscdi=true