Selection of burning rate modifiers for hydrazinium nitroformate
Species including N 2H 4, NH 3 and N 2O are known to be present near the surface of burning hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF). In this paper, planar laser induced fluorescence from the near surface region of burning HNF pellets is reported indicating the presence of NO 2. These four species are formed...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Combustion and flame 2012-02, Vol.159 (2), p.882-886 |
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| container_title | Combustion and flame |
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| creator | Tummers, Mark J. van der Heijden, Antoine E.D.M. van Veen, Eric H. |
| description | Species including N
2H
4, NH
3 and N
2O are known to be present near the surface of burning hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF). In this paper, planar laser induced fluorescence from the near surface region of burning HNF pellets is reported indicating the presence of NO
2. These four species are formed in the upper (foamy) layer of the solid phase. A burning rate modifier might be selected to induce reactions between the gaseous species in this layer. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is able to start highly exothermic reactions at relatively low temperatures. The SCR catalyst V
2O
5 increases the burning rate of HNF by a factor of 11 at 0.1
MPa. The pressure exponent is reduced to 0.28, far below the target value of 0.5 required for practical application of HNF in propellant formulations. As far as SCR catalysts have been tested as burning rate modifiers of HNF, they are effective, yet incompatible. To overcome this incompatibility remedies might possibly be found in high-temperature catalysts, or in coating particles. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.08.010 |
| format | Article |
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2H
4, NH
3 and N
2O are known to be present near the surface of burning hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF). In this paper, planar laser induced fluorescence from the near surface region of burning HNF pellets is reported indicating the presence of NO
2. These four species are formed in the upper (foamy) layer of the solid phase. A burning rate modifier might be selected to induce reactions between the gaseous species in this layer. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is able to start highly exothermic reactions at relatively low temperatures. The SCR catalyst V
2O
5 increases the burning rate of HNF by a factor of 11 at 0.1
MPa. The pressure exponent is reduced to 0.28, far below the target value of 0.5 required for practical application of HNF in propellant formulations. As far as SCR catalysts have been tested as burning rate modifiers of HNF, they are effective, yet incompatible. To overcome this incompatibility remedies might possibly be found in high-temperature catalysts, or in coating particles.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0010-2180</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1556-2921</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.08.010</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CBFMAO</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Applied sciences ; Burning rate ; Burning rate modifier ; Catalysts ; Combustion ; Combustion. Flame ; Energy ; Energy. Thermal use of fuels ; Exact sciences and technology ; Hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF) ; Nitroformates ; Nitrogen dioxide ; Nitrous oxides ; Pellets ; Planar laser induced fluorescence ; Remedies ; Theoretical studies. Data and constants. Metering</subject><ispartof>Combustion and flame, 2012-02, Vol.159 (2), p.882-886</ispartof><rights>2011 The Combustion Institute.</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c387t-2e9511e57bcbbf13a9450e3e3c932f316bfc40f5cb99a867a24ffe3074d3e9f13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c387t-2e9511e57bcbbf13a9450e3e3c932f316bfc40f5cb99a867a24ffe3074d3e9f13</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.08.010$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,3539,27911,27912,45982</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=25501968$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tummers, Mark J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Heijden, Antoine E.D.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Veen, Eric H.</creatorcontrib><title>Selection of burning rate modifiers for hydrazinium nitroformate</title><title>Combustion and flame</title><description>Species including N
2H
4, NH
3 and N
2O are known to be present near the surface of burning hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF). In this paper, planar laser induced fluorescence from the near surface region of burning HNF pellets is reported indicating the presence of NO
2. These four species are formed in the upper (foamy) layer of the solid phase. A burning rate modifier might be selected to induce reactions between the gaseous species in this layer. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is able to start highly exothermic reactions at relatively low temperatures. The SCR catalyst V
2O
5 increases the burning rate of HNF by a factor of 11 at 0.1
MPa. The pressure exponent is reduced to 0.28, far below the target value of 0.5 required for practical application of HNF in propellant formulations. As far as SCR catalysts have been tested as burning rate modifiers of HNF, they are effective, yet incompatible. To overcome this incompatibility remedies might possibly be found in high-temperature catalysts, or in coating particles.</description><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Burning rate</subject><subject>Burning rate modifier</subject><subject>Catalysts</subject><subject>Combustion</subject><subject>Combustion. Flame</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>Energy. Thermal use of fuels</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF)</subject><subject>Nitroformates</subject><subject>Nitrogen dioxide</subject><subject>Nitrous oxides</subject><subject>Pellets</subject><subject>Planar laser induced fluorescence</subject><subject>Remedies</subject><subject>Theoretical studies. Data and constants. Metering</subject><issn>0010-2180</issn><issn>1556-2921</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNkE1LxDAQhoMouK7-hyIIXlonTdM2npT1ExY8qOeQphPN0jZr0grrrzfLinj0NDA8887MQ8gphYwCLS9WmXZ9M4XRdKrHLAdKM6gzoLBHZpTzMs1FTvfJDGIrzWkNh-QohBUAVAVjM3L1jB3q0bohcSZpJj_Y4S3xasSkd601Fn1IjPPJ-6b16ssOduqTwY7exWYfsWNyYFQX8OSnzsnr3e3L4iFdPt0_Lq6XqWZ1NaY5Ck4p8qrRTWMoU6LggAyZFiw3jJaN0QUYrhshVF1WKi-MQRavbBmKODAn57vctXcfE4ZR9jZo7Do1oJuCjDqgFgVwHtHLHaq9C8GjkWtve-U3EdpypVzJv9rkVpuEWsaIOHz2s0cFrTrj1aBt-E3IOQcqyjpyNzsO49OfUZMM2uKgsbU-CpWts_9Z9w18nYsC</recordid><startdate>20120201</startdate><enddate>20120201</enddate><creator>Tummers, Mark J.</creator><creator>van der Heijden, Antoine E.D.M.</creator><creator>van Veen, Eric H.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120201</creationdate><title>Selection of burning rate modifiers for hydrazinium nitroformate</title><author>Tummers, Mark J. ; van der Heijden, Antoine E.D.M. ; van Veen, Eric H.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c387t-2e9511e57bcbbf13a9450e3e3c932f316bfc40f5cb99a867a24ffe3074d3e9f13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Burning rate</topic><topic>Burning rate modifier</topic><topic>Catalysts</topic><topic>Combustion</topic><topic>Combustion. Flame</topic><topic>Energy</topic><topic>Energy. Thermal use of fuels</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF)</topic><topic>Nitroformates</topic><topic>Nitrogen dioxide</topic><topic>Nitrous oxides</topic><topic>Pellets</topic><topic>Planar laser induced fluorescence</topic><topic>Remedies</topic><topic>Theoretical studies. Data and constants. Metering</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tummers, Mark J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Heijden, Antoine E.D.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Veen, Eric H.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Combustion and flame</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tummers, Mark J.</au><au>van der Heijden, Antoine E.D.M.</au><au>van Veen, Eric H.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Selection of burning rate modifiers for hydrazinium nitroformate</atitle><jtitle>Combustion and flame</jtitle><date>2012-02-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>159</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>882</spage><epage>886</epage><pages>882-886</pages><issn>0010-2180</issn><eissn>1556-2921</eissn><coden>CBFMAO</coden><abstract>Species including N
2H
4, NH
3 and N
2O are known to be present near the surface of burning hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF). In this paper, planar laser induced fluorescence from the near surface region of burning HNF pellets is reported indicating the presence of NO
2. These four species are formed in the upper (foamy) layer of the solid phase. A burning rate modifier might be selected to induce reactions between the gaseous species in this layer. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is able to start highly exothermic reactions at relatively low temperatures. The SCR catalyst V
2O
5 increases the burning rate of HNF by a factor of 11 at 0.1
MPa. The pressure exponent is reduced to 0.28, far below the target value of 0.5 required for practical application of HNF in propellant formulations. As far as SCR catalysts have been tested as burning rate modifiers of HNF, they are effective, yet incompatible. To overcome this incompatibility remedies might possibly be found in high-temperature catalysts, or in coating particles.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><doi>10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.08.010</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Combustion and flame, 2012-02, Vol.159 (2), p.882-886 |
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| source | ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present) |
| subjects | Applied sciences Burning rate Burning rate modifier Catalysts Combustion Combustion. Flame Energy Energy. Thermal use of fuels Exact sciences and technology Hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF) Nitroformates Nitrogen dioxide Nitrous oxides Pellets Planar laser induced fluorescence Remedies Theoretical studies. Data and constants. Metering |
| title | Selection of burning rate modifiers for hydrazinium nitroformate |
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