Time-Domain Analysis of Intermodulation Distortion of Closed-Loop Class-D Amplifiers
This paper presents a time-domain analysis of the intermodulation distortion (IMD) of a closed-loop Class-D amplifier (amp) with either first- or second-order loop filter. The derived expression for the IMD indicates that there exist significant third-order intermodulation products (3rd-IMPs) within...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on power electronics 2012-05, Vol.27 (5), p.2453-2461 |
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| creator | Jun Yu Meng Tong Tan Cox, Stephen Michael Wang Ling Goh |
| description | This paper presents a time-domain analysis of the intermodulation distortion (IMD) of a closed-loop Class-D amplifier (amp) with either first- or second-order loop filter. The derived expression for the IMD indicates that there exist significant third-order intermodulation products (3rd-IMPs) within the output spectrum, which may lead to even greater distortion than the intrinsic harmonic components. In addition, the output expressions are compact, precise, and suitable for hand calculation so that the parametric relationships between the IMD and the magnitude and frequency of the input signals, as well as the effect of the loop filter design are straightforwardly investigated. In order to accurately represent the IMD performance of class-D amp, a modified testing setup is introduced to account for the dominantly large 3rd-IMPs when the International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) standard is applied. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/TPEL.2011.2171196 |
| format | Article |
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The derived expression for the IMD indicates that there exist significant third-order intermodulation products (3rd-IMPs) within the output spectrum, which may lead to even greater distortion than the intrinsic harmonic components. In addition, the output expressions are compact, precise, and suitable for hand calculation so that the parametric relationships between the IMD and the magnitude and frequency of the input signals, as well as the effect of the loop filter design are straightforwardly investigated. In order to accurately represent the IMD performance of class-D amp, a modified testing setup is introduced to account for the dominantly large 3rd-IMPs when the International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) standard is applied.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0885-8993</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1941-0107</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2011.2171196</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ITPEE8</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: IEEE</publisher><subject>Amplifiers ; Analytical models ; Applied sciences ; Circuit properties ; Class-D amplifier (amp) ; Design engineering ; Distortion ; Electric, optical and optoelectronic circuits ; Electronic circuits ; Electronics ; Exact sciences and technology ; Frequencies ; Harmonic analysis ; Integrated circuit modeling ; Intermodulation distortion ; intermodulation distortion (IMD) ; Mathematical analysis ; Mathematical model ; Power harmonic filters ; Pulse width modulation ; pulsewidth modulation (PWM) ; Receivers & amplifiers ; third-order intermodulation products (IMPs) ; Time domain analysis ; time-domain modeling ; Unions</subject><ispartof>IEEE transactions on power electronics, 2012-05, Vol.27 (5), p.2453-2461</ispartof><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) May 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c398t-62cd326037921b81a1c4ead8f8c0d0143b54eab572e286dc026c6cdb1c9b9ab03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c398t-62cd326037921b81a1c4ead8f8c0d0143b54eab572e286dc026c6cdb1c9b9ab03</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6042342$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,796,27924,27925,54758</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6042342$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=25894470$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jun Yu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meng Tong Tan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cox, Stephen Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang Ling Goh</creatorcontrib><title>Time-Domain Analysis of Intermodulation Distortion of Closed-Loop Class-D Amplifiers</title><title>IEEE transactions on power electronics</title><addtitle>TPEL</addtitle><description>This paper presents a time-domain analysis of the intermodulation distortion (IMD) of a closed-loop Class-D amplifier (amp) with either first- or second-order loop filter. The derived expression for the IMD indicates that there exist significant third-order intermodulation products (3rd-IMPs) within the output spectrum, which may lead to even greater distortion than the intrinsic harmonic components. In addition, the output expressions are compact, precise, and suitable for hand calculation so that the parametric relationships between the IMD and the magnitude and frequency of the input signals, as well as the effect of the loop filter design are straightforwardly investigated. In order to accurately represent the IMD performance of class-D amp, a modified testing setup is introduced to account for the dominantly large 3rd-IMPs when the International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) standard is applied.</description><subject>Amplifiers</subject><subject>Analytical models</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Circuit properties</subject><subject>Class-D amplifier (amp)</subject><subject>Design engineering</subject><subject>Distortion</subject><subject>Electric, optical and optoelectronic circuits</subject><subject>Electronic circuits</subject><subject>Electronics</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Frequencies</subject><subject>Harmonic analysis</subject><subject>Integrated circuit modeling</subject><subject>Intermodulation distortion</subject><subject>intermodulation distortion (IMD)</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Mathematical model</subject><subject>Power harmonic filters</subject><subject>Pulse width modulation</subject><subject>pulsewidth modulation (PWM)</subject><subject>Receivers & amplifiers</subject><subject>third-order intermodulation products (IMPs)</subject><subject>Time domain analysis</subject><subject>time-domain modeling</subject><subject>Unions</subject><issn>0885-8993</issn><issn>1941-0107</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkEFLwzAUx4MoOKcfQLwUQfDSmZe2aXIc29TBQA_zXNI0hYy2qXntwW9v6sYOQiAvvN_78_Ij5B7oAoDKl_3nZrdgFGDBIAeQ_ILMQKYQU6D5JZlRIbJYSJlckxvEA6WQZhRmZL-3rYnXrlW2i5adan7QYuTqaNsNxreuGhs1WNdFa4uD839l6K4ah6aKd871oVaI8Tpatn1ja2s83pKrWjVo7k73nHy9bvar93j38bZdLXexTqQYYs50lTBOk1wyKAUo0KlRlaiFplVYMCmz8C6znBkmeKUp45rrqgQtS6lKmszJ8zG39-57NDgUrUVtmkZ1xo1YAA0isgw4D-jjP_TgRh_-i4VkPKUgZB4gOELaO0Rv6qL3tlX-JyQVk-Zi0lxMmouT5jDzdApWqFVTe9Vpi-dBlgmZpvm068ORs8aYc5vTlCXh_AL9aoUY</recordid><startdate>20120501</startdate><enddate>20120501</enddate><creator>Jun Yu</creator><creator>Meng Tong Tan</creator><creator>Cox, Stephen Michael</creator><creator>Wang Ling Goh</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 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| subjects | Amplifiers Analytical models Applied sciences Circuit properties Class-D amplifier (amp) Design engineering Distortion Electric, optical and optoelectronic circuits Electronic circuits Electronics Exact sciences and technology Frequencies Harmonic analysis Integrated circuit modeling Intermodulation distortion intermodulation distortion (IMD) Mathematical analysis Mathematical model Power harmonic filters Pulse width modulation pulsewidth modulation (PWM) Receivers & amplifiers third-order intermodulation products (IMPs) Time domain analysis time-domain modeling Unions |
| title | Time-Domain Analysis of Intermodulation Distortion of Closed-Loop Class-D Amplifiers |
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